We present some variants of the Kaplansky condition for a K-Hermite ring $R$ to be an elementary divisor ring; for example, a commutative K-Hermite ring $R$ is an EDR iff for any elements $x,y,z\in R$ such that $(x,y)=(1)$, there exists an element $λ\in R$ such that $x+λy=uv$, where $(u,z)=(v,1-z)=(1)$.
We present an example of a a Bézout domain that is an elementary divisor ring, but it does not have almost stable range 1, thus answering a question of Warren Wm. McGovern.
We prove that any complete regular local ring with a valuation of rank 1 can be embedded, as a valued ring, in a ring of generalized Puiseux expansions.
We will prove that if $G$ and $H$ are modules over a principal ideal domain $R$ such that the endomorphism rings $\mathrm{End}_R(R\oplus G)$ and $\mathrm{End}_R(R\oplus H)$ are isomorphic then $G\cong H$. Conversely, if $R$ is a Dedekind domain such that two $R$-modules $G$ and $H$ are isomorphic whenever the rings $\mathrm{End}_R(R\oplus G)$ and $\mathrm{End}_R(R\oplus H)$ are isomorphic then $R$ is a PID.
This paper investigates situations where a property of a ring can be tested on a set of "prime right ideals." Generalizing theorems of Cohen and Kaplansky, we show that every right ideal of a ring is finitely generated (resp. principal) iff every "prime right ideal" is finitely generated (resp. principal), where the phrase "prime right ideal" can be interpreted in one of many different ways. We also use our methods to show that other properties can be tested on special sets of right ideals, such as the right artinian property and various homological properties. Applying these methods, we prove…
Fix a ring $ R $ and look at the class of left $ R $-modules and naturally, we restrict ourselves to the case of rings such that this class is not too similar to the case $ R $ is a field. We shall solve Kaplansky test problems, all three of which say that we do not have decomposition theory, e.g., if the square of one module is isomorphic to the cube of another it does not follows that they are isomorphic. Our results are in the ordinary et theory, ZFC. For this, we look at bimodules, i.e., the structures which are simultaneously left $ R $-modules and right $ S $-modules with reasonable asso…
Extending the discovery by Giles Gardam of a concrete counterexample to Kaplansky's unit conjecture in characteristic 2, a family of counterexamples for every prime characteristic is presented.
This paper deals with well-known extensions of the Prufer domain concept to arbitrary commutative rings. We investigate the transfer of these notions in trivial ring extensions (also called idealizations) of commutative rings by modules and then generate original families of rings with zerodivisors subject to various Prufer conditions. The new examples give further evidence for the validity of Bazzoni-Glaz conjecture on the weak dimension of Gaussian rings. Moreover, trivial ring extensions allow us to widen the scope of validity of Kaplansky-Tsang conjecture on the content ideal of Gaussian p…
The notion of $2$-almost Gorenstein ring is a generalization of the notion of almost Gorenstein ring in terms of Sally modules of canonical ideals. In this paper, we deal with two different topics related to $2$-almost Gorenstein rings. The purposes are to determine all the Ulrich ideals in $2$-almost Gorenstein rings and to clarify the structure of minimal free resolutions of $2$-almost Gorenstein rings.
In this paper, we state criteria of a Hibi ring to be level, non-Gorenstein and almost Gorenstein and to be non-level and almost Gorenstein in terms of the structure of the partially ordered set defining the Hibi ring. We also state a criterion of a ladder determinantal ring defined by 2-minors to be non-Gorenstein and almost Gorenstein in terms of the shape of the ladder.
In this paper we investigate the question of when the determinantal ring $R$ over a field $k$ is an almost Gorenstein local/graded ring in the sense of Goto, Takahashi, and the author. As a consequence of the main result, we see that if $R$ is a non-Gorenstein almost Gorenstein local/graded ring, then the ring $R$ has a minimal multiplicity.
We introduce classes of rings which are close to being Gorenstein. These rings arise naturally as specializations of rings of countable CM type. We study these rings in detail, and along the way generalize an old result of Teter which characterized Artinian rings which are Gorenstein rings modulo their socle.
In this paper, for the development of the study of almost Gorenstein graded rings, we discuss some relations between almost Gorensteinness of Cohen--Macaulay homogeneous rings and their $h$-vectors. Concretely, for a Cohen--Macaulay homogeneous ring $R$, we give a sufficient condition for $R$ to be almost Gorenstein in terms of the $h$-vector of $R$ and we also characterize almost Gorenstein homogeneous domains with small socle degrees in terms of the $h$-vector of $R$. Moreover, we also provide the examples of almost Gorenstein homogeneous domains arising from lattice polytopes.
The notion of almost Gorenstein ring given by Barucci and Fr{ö}berg \cite{BF} in the case where the local rings are analytically unramified is generalized, so that it works well also in the case where the rings are analytically ramified. As a sequel, the problem of when the endomorphism algebra $\m : \m$ of $\m$ is a Gorenstein ring is solved in full generality, where $\m$ denotes the maximal ideal in a given Cohen-Macaulay local ring of dimension one. Characterizations of almost Gorenstein rings are given in connection with the principle of idealization. Examples are explored.
We provide a characterization of the almost Gorenstein property of determinantal rings of a symmetric matrix of indeterminates over an infinite field. We give an explicit formula for ranks of the last two modules in the resolution of determinantal rings using Schur functors.
The purpose of this paper is, as part of the stratification of Cohen-Macaulay rings, to investigate the question of when the fiber products are almost Gorenstein rings. We show that the fiber product $R \times_T S$ of Cohen-Macaulay local rings $R$, $S$ of the same dimension $d>0$ over a regular local ring $T$ with $\dim T=d-1$ is an almost Gorenstein ring if and only if so are $R$ and $S$. Besides, the other generalizations of Gorenstein properties are also explored.
Let $(R, \mathfrak{m}) $ be a Gorenstein local ring of dimension $d > 0$ and let $I$ be an ideal of $R$ such that $(0) \ne I \subsetneq R$ and $R/I$ is a Cohen-Macaulay ring of dimension $d$. There is given a complete answer to the question of when the idealization $A = R \ltimes I$ of $I$ over $R$ is an almost Gorenstein local ring.
Let $(R,\mathfrak{m})$ be a two-dimensional regular local ring with infinite residue class field. Then the Rees algebra $\mathcal{R} (I)= \bigoplus_{n \ge 0}I^n$ of $I$ is an almost Gorenstein graded ring in the sense of Goto-Takahashi-Taniguchi for every $\mathfrak{m}$-primary integrally closed ideal $I$ in $R$.
Given a one-dimensional Cohen-Macaulay local ring $(R,\mathfrak{m},k)$, we prove that it is almost Gorenstein if and only if $\mathfrak{m}$ is a canonical module of the ring $\mathfrak{m}:\mathfrak{m}$. Then, we generalize this result by introducing the notions of almost canonical ideal and gAGL ring and by proving that $R$ is gAGL if and only if $\mathfrak{m}$ is an almost canonical ideal of $\mathfrak{m}:\mathfrak{m}$. We use this fact to characterize when the ring $\mathfrak{m}:\mathfrak{m}$ is almost Gorenstein, provided that $R$ has minimal multiplicity. This is a generalization of a resu…
The structure of the complex $\operatorname{\mathbf{R}Hom}_R(R/I,R)$ is explored for an Ulrich ideal $I$ in a Cohen-Macaulay local ring $R$. As a consequence, it is proved that in a one-dimensional almost Gorenstein but non-Gorenstein local ring, the only possible Ulrich ideal is the maximal ideal. It is also studied when Ulrich ideals have the same minimal number of generators.
Starting with a commutative ring $R$ and an ideal $I$, it is possible to define a family of rings $R(I)_{a,b}$, with $a,b \in R$, as quotients of the Rees algebra $\oplus_{n \geq 0} I^nt^n$; among the rings appearing in this family we find Nagata's idealization and amalgamated duplication. Many properties of these rings depend only on $R$ and $I$ and not on $a,b$; in this paper we show that the Gorenstein and the almost Gorenstein properties are independent of $a,b$. More precisely, we characterize when the rings in the family are Gorenstein, complete intersection, or almost Gorenstein and we …
The notion of almost Gorenstein local ring introduced by V. Barucci and R. Fröberg for one-dimensional Noetherian local rings which are analytically unramified has been generalized by S. Goto, N. Matsuoka and T. T. Phuong to one-dimensional Cohen-Macaulay local rings, possessing canonical ideals. The present purpose is to propose a higher-dimensional notion and develop the basic theory. The graded version is also posed and explored.
We give an explicit formula for the Hilbert Series of an algebra defined by a linearly presented, standard graded, residual intersection of a grade three Gorenstein ideal.
Let $A$ be a Cohen-Macaulay local ring with $\operatorname{dim} A = d\ge 3$, possessing the canonical module ${\mathrm K}_A$. Let $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_r$ $(3 \le r \le d)$ be a subsystem of parameters of $A$ and set $Q= (a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_r)$. It is shown that if the Rees algebra ${\mathcal R}(Q)$ of $Q$ is an almost Gorenstein graded ring, then $A$ is a regular local ring and $a_1, a_2, \ldots, a_r$ is a part of a regular system of parameters of $A$.
The class of good semigroups is a class of subsemigroups of $N^h$, that includes the value semigroups of rings associated to curve singularities and their blowups, and allows to study combinatorically the properties of these rings. In this paper we give a characterization of almost symmetric good subsemigroups of $N^h$, extending known results in numerical semigroup theory and in one-dimensional ring theory, and we apply these results to obtain new results on almost Gorenstein one-dimensional analytically unramified rings.
There is given a characterization for the Rees algebras of parameters in a Gorenstein local ring to be almost Gorenstein graded rings. A characterization is also given for the Rees algebras of socle ideals of parameters. The latter one shows almost Gorenstein Rees algebras rather rarely exist for socle ideals, if the dimension of the base local ring is greater than two.
The question of when the Rees algebra ${\mathcal R} (I)= \bigoplus_{n \ge 0}I^n$ of $I$ is an almost Gorenstein graded ring is explored, where $R$ is a two-dimensional regular local ring and $I$ a contracted ideal of $R$. It is known that ${\mathcal R} (I)$ is an almost Gorenstein graded ring for every integrally closed ideal $I$ of $R$. The main results of the present paper show that if $I$ is a contracted ideal with $\mathrm{o}(I) \le 2$, then ${\mathcal R} (I)$ is an almost Gorenstein graded ring, while if $\mathrm{o}(I) \ge 3$, then ${\mathcal R} (I)$ is not necessarily an almost Gorenstei…
Let $(A,{\mathfrak m})$ be a Cohen-Macaulay local ring and let $I$ be an ideal of $A$. We prove that the Rees algebra ${\mathcal R}(I)$ is an almost Gorenstein ring in the following cases: (1) $(A,{\mathfrak m})$ is a two-dimensional excellent Gorenstein normal domain over an algebraically closed field $K \cong A/{\mathfrak m}$ and $I$ is a $p_g$-ideal; (2) $(A,{\mathfrak m})$ is a two-dimensional almost Gorenstein local ring having minimal multiplicity and $I={\mathfrak m}^{\ell}$ for all $\ell \ge 1$; (3) $(A,{\mathfrak m})$ is a regular local ring of dimension $d \ge 2$ and $I={\mathfrak m}…
Faltings' annihilator theorem is an important result in local cohomology theory. Recently, Doustimehr and Naghipour generalized the Falitings' annihilator theorem. They proved that if $R$ is a homomorphic image of a Gorenstein ring, then $f_\mathfrak{a}^\mathfrak{b}(M)_n = λ_\mathfrak{a}^\mathfrak{b}(M)_n$, where $f_\mathfrak{a}^\mathfrak{b}(M)_n := \inf\{i \in \mathbb{N} \mid \operatorname{dim}{\operatorname{Supp}(\mathfrak{b}^t H_\mathfrak{a}^i(M))} \geq n \text{ for all } t\in \mathbb{N}\}$ and $λ_\mathfrak{a}^\mathfrak{b}(M)_n := \inf\{λ_{\mathfrak{a} R_\mathfrak{p}}^{\mathfrak{b} R_\mathf…
We study almost reverse lexicographic ideals in a polynomial ring over a field of arbitrary characteristic. We give a criterion for a given sequence of nonnegative integers to be the Hilbert function of an almost reverse lexicographic ideal in the polynomial ring. Then it will be shown that every Fröberg sequence satisfies this criterion.
School of Mathematics and Statistics, Tianshui Normal University（天水师范学院数学与统计学院）；School of Mathematics and Physics, Southwest University of Science and Technology（西南科技大学数学与物理学院）
We study almost symmetric numerical semigroups and semigroup rings. We describe a characteristic property of the minimal free resolution of the semigroup ring of an almost symmetric numerical semigroup. For almost symmetric semigroups generated by $4$ elements we will give a structure theorem by using the \lq\lq row-factorization matrices", introduced by Moscariello. As a result, we give a simpler proof of Komeda's structure theorem of pseudo-symmetric numerical semigroups generated by $4$ elements. Row-factorization matrices are also used to study shifted families of numerical semigroups.
The notion of 2-almost Gorenstein local ring (2-AGL ring for short) is a generalization of the notion of almost Gorenstein local ring from the point of view of Sally modules of canonical ideals. In this paper, for further developments of the theory, we discuss three different topics on 2-AGL rings. The first one is to clarify the structure of minimal presentations of canonical ideals, and the second one is the study of the question of when certain fiber products, so called amalgamated duplications are 2-AGL rings. We also explore Ulrich ideals in 2-AGL rings, mainly two-generated ones.
In this paper, we introduce an invariant of Cohen-Macaulay local rings in terms of the reduction number of canonical ideals. The invariant can be defined in arbitrary Cohen-Macaulay rings and it measures how close to being Gorenstein. First, we clarify the relation between almost Gorenstein rings and nearly Gorenstein rings by using the invariant in dimension one. We next characterize the idealization of trace ideals over Gorenstein rings in terms of the invariant. It provides better prospects for a result of the almost Gorenstein property of idealization.
An example is given of a UFD which has infinitely generated Derksen invariant. The ring is \textquotedblleft almost rigid\textquotedblright\ meaning that the Derksen invariant is equal to the Makar-Limanov invariant. Techniques to show that a ring is (almost) rigid are discussed, among which is a generalization of Mason's abc-theorem.
Let $R = S/I$ be a quotient of a standard graded polynomial ring $S$ by an ideal $I$ generated by quadrics. If $R$ is Koszul, a question of Avramov, Conca, and Iyengar asks whether the Betti numbers of $R$ over $S$ can be bounded above by binomial coefficients on the minimal number of generators of $I$. Motivated by previous results for Koszul algebras defined by three quadrics, we give a complete classification of the structure of Koszul almost complete intersections and, in the process, give an affirmative answer to the above question for all such rings.
The homological property of the associated graded ring of an ideal is an important problem in commutative algebra and algebraic geometry. In this paper we explore the almost Cohen-Macaulayness of the associated graded ring of stretched $\mathfrak{m}$-primary ideals in the case where the reduction number attains almost minimal value in a Cohen-Macaulay local ring $(A,\mathfrak{m})$. As an application, we present complete descriptions of the associated graded ring of stretched $\mathfrak{m}$-primary ideals with small reduction number.
We study properties of the Stanley-Reisner rings of simplicial complexes with isolated singularities modulo two generic linear forms. Miller, Novik, and Swartz proved that if a complex has homologically isolated singularities, then its Stanley-Reisner ring modulo one generic linear form is Buchsbaum. Here we examine the case of non-homologically isolated singularities, providing many examples in which the Stanley-Reisner ring modulo two generic linear forms is a quasi-Buchsbaum but not Buchsbaum ring.
