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arXiv 1010.4262gr-qcastro-ph.COhep-th
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宇宙学常数与符合问题的可检验解

A Testable Solution of the Cosmological Constant and Coincidence Problems

Douglas J. Shaw, John D. Barrow

摘要:

我们提出了一个新的解决方案的宇宙学常数(CC)和符合的问题,其中观察到的值的CC,$Λ$,与其他可观察到的宇宙属性。这是通过将CC从必须指定的参数提升到可以采用许多可能值的字段来实现的。λ ~ 1/(9.3 Gyrs)^2 $ (approximately 10^(-120) in Planck units) is determined by a new constraint equation which follows from the application of a causally restricted variation principle. When applied to our visible universe, the model makes a testable prediction for the dimensionless spatial curvature of Omega_k0 = -0.0056 s_b/0.5; where s_b ~ 1/2 is a QCD parameter. Requiring that a classical history exist, our model determines the probability of observing a given Lambda. The observed CC value, which we successfully predict, is typical within our model even before the effects of anthropic selection are included. When anthropic selection effects are accounted for, we find that the observed coincidence between t_Lambda = Lambda^(-1/2) and the age of the universe, t_U, is a typical occurrence in our model. In contrast to multiverse explanations of the CC problems, our solution is independent of the choice of a prior weighting of different $ Λ$-值的观测值与人择效应无关。我们的模型不包含任何不自然的小参数,不需要引入新的动力学标量场或修改广义相对论,它可以在不久的将来通过天文观测进行检验。

英文摘要:

We present a new solution to the cosmological constant (CC) and coincidence problems in which the observed value of the CC, $Λ$, is linked to other observable properties of the universe. This is achieved by promoting the CC from a parameter which must to specified, to a field which can take many possible values. The observed value of Lambda ~ 1/(9.3 Gyrs)^2$ (approximately 10^(-120) in Planck units) is determined by a new constraint equation which follows from the application of a causally restricted variation principle. When applied to our visible universe, the model makes a testable prediction for the dimensionless spatial curvature of Omega_k0 = -0.0056 s_b/0.5; where s_b ~ 1/2 is a QCD parameter. Requiring that a classical history exist, our model determines the probability of observing a given Lambda. The observed CC value, which we successfully predict, is typical within our model even before the effects of anthropic selection are included. When anthropic selection effects are accounted for, we find that the observed coincidence between t_Lambda = Lambda^(-1/2) and the age of the universe, t_U, is a typical occurrence in our model. In contrast to multiverse explanations of the CC problems, our solution is independent of the choice of a prior weighting of different $Λ$-values and does not rely on anthropic selection effects. Our model includes no unnatural small parameters and does not require the introduction of new dynamical scalar fields or modifications to general relativity, and it can be tested by astronomical observations in the near future.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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