In the present paper, we study a system of doped antiferromagnet in three dimensions at finite temperatures by using the t-J model, a canonical model of strongly-correlated electrons. We employ the slave-fermion representation of electrons in which an electron is described as a composite of a charged spinless holon and a chargeless spinon. We introduce two kinds of U(1) gauge fields on links as auxiliary fields, one describing resonating valence bonds of antiferromagnetic nearest-neighbor spin pairs and the other for nearest-neighbor hopping amplitudes of holons and spinons in the ferromagnetic channel. In order to perform numerical study of the system, we integrate out the fermionic holon field by using the hopping expansion in powers of the hopping amplitude, which is legitimate for the region in and near the insulating phase. The resultant effective model is described in terms of bosonic spinons and the two U(1) gauge fields, and a collective field for hole pairs. We study this model by means of Monte-Carlo simulations, calculating the specific heat, spin correlation functions, and instanton densities. We obtain a phase diagram in the hole concentration-temperature plane, which is in good agreement with that observed recently for clean and homogeneous underdoped samples.
We study the stability of the spin gap phase in the U(1) slave-boson theory of the t-J model in connection to the underdoped cuprates. We approach the spin gap phase from the superconducting state and consider the quantum phase transition of the slave-bosons at zero temperature by introducing vortices in the boson superfluid. At finite temperatures, the properties of the bosons are different from those of the strange metal phase and lead to modified gauge field fluctuations. As a result, the spin gap phase can be stabilized in the quantum critical and quantum disordered regime of the boson sys…
The single particle spectral function for the normal state of underdoped high $T_c$ cuprates is studied within the slave particle framework. We find that the presence of a massless dynamical gauge field - a direct consequence of the quantum order - explains the broad, but not totally incoherent, line-shapes observed in experiments. The issue of the negative anomalous dimension of a recently proposed gauge invariant single particle amplitude is also considered. We show how the anomalous behavior of the single particle amplitude can be incorporated within the slave particle approach and, thus re…
Slave boson mean-field approximation is carried out analytically for weakly doped CuO_2 conduction planes, characterized by Cu-O charge transfer energy Δ_{pd}, Cu-O hopping t_0, O-O hopping t' and repulsion U_d between holes on Cu site taken as infinite. At zero doping δ, finite negative t',|t'|<t_0/2, expands the range of stability of the covalent, conducting state on the expense of the insulating state which, however, remains stable at larger Δ_{pd}. For sufficiently large Δ_{pd} the renormalized charge transfer energy saturates at 4|t'| instead of decreasing to zero, as at t'=0 case. In con…
The slave boson mean-field studies of the ground state of the Hubbard model with correlated hopping were performed. The approach qualitatively recovers the exact results for the case of the hopping integral t equal to the correlated hopping integral X. The phase diagram for the strongly correlated state with only singly occupied sites, the weakly correlated state, where single and double occupation is allowed, and for the superconducting state, was determined for any values of X and any electron concentration n. At the half-filled band (n=1) a direct transition from the superconductor to the M…
We study the in-plane resistivity anisotropy in the spin-glass phase of the high-$T_{c}$ cuprates, on the basis of holes moving in a spiral spin background. This picture follows from analysis of the extended $t-J$ model with Coulomb impurities. In the variable-range hopping regime the resistivity anisotropy is found to have a maximum value of around 90%, and it decreases with temperature, in excellent agreement with experiments in La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$. In our approach the transport anisotropy is due to the non-collinearity of the spiral spin state, rather than an intrinsic tendency of the c…
Based on an improved U(1) slave-boson approach to the t-J Hamiltonian, we invest igate a relationship between the superfluid weight $n_s/m^*$(the superconducting charge carrier density/the effective mass of the charge carrier) and the superc onducting temperature $T_c$. From the present study we find a linear increase of $n_s/m^*$ with $T_c$ with th e doping concentration in the underdoped region, a saturation around the optimal doping and a decrease in both $n_s/m^*$ and $T_c$ in the overdoped region. Such a trend of the `boomerang' shaped locus in $n_s/m^*$ vs. $T_c$ with increas ing doping …
Recent angle resolved photoemission spectrascope (ARPES) experiments on strongly underdoped Bi$_2$Sr$_{2-x}$La$_x$CuO$_{6+δ}$ cuprates have reported an unusual gap in the nodal direction. Transport experiments on these cuprates found variable range hopping behavior observed. These cuprates have both electron and hole doping which has led to proposals that this cuprate is analogous to a partially compensated semiconductors. The nodal gap then corresponds to the Efros-Schklovskii(ES) gap in such semiconductors. We calculate the doping dependence and temperature dependence of a ES gap model and f…
We develop a slave-boson theory for the t-J model at finite doping which respect a SU(2) symmetry -- a symmetry previously known to be important at half filling. The mean field phase diagram is found to be consistent with the phases observed in the cuprate superconductors, which contains d-wave superconductor, spin gap, strange metal, and Fermi liquid phases. The spin gap phase is best understood as the staggered flux phase, which is nevertheless translationally invariant for physical quantities. The physical electron spectral function shows small Fermi segments at low doping which continuousl…
We have studied a single vortex with the staggered flux (SF) core based on the SU(2) slave-boson theory of high $T_c$ superconductors. We find that whereas the center in the vortex core is a SF state, as one moves away from the core center, a correlated staggered modulation of the hopping amplitude $χ$ and pairing amplitude $Δ$ becomes predominant. We predict that in this region, the local density-of-states (LDOS) exhibits staggered modulation when measured on the bonds, which may be directly detected by STM experiments.
The microscopic theory of superconducting (SC) state in the SU(2) slave-boson model is developed. We show how the pseudogap and Fermi surface (FS) segments in the normal state develop into a d-wave gap in the superconducting state. Even though the superfluid density is of order x (the doping concentration), the physical properties of the low lying quasiparticles are found to resemble those in BCS theory. Thus the microscopic theory lay the foundation for our earlier phenomenological discussion of the unusual SC properties in the underdoped cuprates.
The coexistence of $π$-flux state and d-wave RVB state is considered in this paper within the slave boson approach. A critical value of doping concentration $δ_c$ is found, below which the coexisting $π$-flux and d-wave RVB state is favored in energy. The pseudo Fermi surface of spinons and the physical electron spectral function are calculated. A clear Fermi-level crossing is found along the (0,0) to ($π$, $π$) direction, but no such crossing is detected along the ($π$, 0) to ($π$, $π$) direction. Also, an energy gap of d-wave symmetry appears at the Fermi level in our calculation. The above …
The Gaussian fluctuations in slave-boson mean-field theory of $t-J$ model is analyzed in this paper in the low-doping regime where the superconducting to normal (pseudo-gap phase) transition is driven by vanishing of bose-condensation amplitude. By eliminating the boson and constraint fields exactly in the linear response regime we show that the Gaussian theory describes a Fermi liquid superconductor where the superconducting to normal transition is actually a spin-charge separation transition characterized by a change of Landau parameter from $F_1>-1$ in the superconducting phase to $F_1=-1$ …
Using a rotationally invariant version of the slave-boson approach in spin space we analyze the stability of stripe phases with large unit cells in the two-dimensional Hubbard model. This approach allows one to treat strong electron correlations in the stripe phases relevant in the low doping regime, and gives results representative of the thermodynamic limit. Thereby we resolve the longstanding controversy concerning the role played by the kinetic energy in stripe phases. While the transverse hopping across the domain walls yields the largest kinetic energy gain in the case of the insulating …
In the present paper, we systematically studied the possible Orbital selective Mott transition (OSMT) in the $t_{2g}$ system, which has three orbital degeneracy. The slave Boson mean field theory is generalized to the three band systems with full Hund's rule coupling including spin flip and pair hopping terms. A new type of Mott transition which is driven by the crystal field splitting or the lattice distortion is found is this model. We argue that this new type of Mott transition may relate to the puzzling phase in $Sr_{x}Ca_{2-x}RuO_4$.
The effect of the additional second neighbor hopping t' on the charge dynamics of the t-J model in the underdoped regime is studied within the fermion-spin theory. The conductivity spectrum of the t-t'-J model shows the low-energy peak and unusual midinfrared band, while the resistivity exhibits a nearly temperature linear dependence with deviation at low temperature in the underdoped regime. Although the qualitative feature of the charge dynamics in the t-t'-J model is the same as in the case of the t-J model, the additional second neighbor hopping t' leads to a clear shift of the position of…
The dynamical spin susceptibility chi'' at wave vector (pi, pi) and the spectrum pi'' of the spin-triplet particle--particle excitation with center of mass momentum (pi, pi) (pi-excitation) are considered in the slave-boson formulation of the t--J-model. Propagators are calculated in a diagrammatic t-matrix approximation in the d-wave superconducting state for a wide doping range. The resulting spectra chi'' and pi'' both show a resonance at a doping dependent energy, in qualitative agreement with recent numerical cluster calculations. In underdoped systems, the peak position is comparable to …
We propose to describe the spin fluctuations in the normal state of underdoped high $T_{c}$ superconductors as a manifestation of an algebraic spin liquid. We have performed calculations within the slave-boson model to support our proposal. Under the spin-charge separation picture, the normal state (the spin-pseudogap phase) is described by massless Dirac fermions, charged bosons, and a gauge field. We find that the gauge interaction is a marginal perturbation and drives the mean-field free-spinon fixed point to a more complicated spin-quantum-fixed-point -- the algebraic spin liquid, where ga…
Efficient and accurate computational methods for dealing with interacting electron problems on a lattice are of broad interest to the condensed matter community. For interacting Hubbard models, we introduce a cluster slave-particle approach that provides significant computational savings with high accuracy for total energies, site occupancies, and interaction energies. Compared to exact benchmarks using density matrix renormalization group for $d$-$p$ Hubbard models, our approach delivers accurate results using two to three orders of magnitude lower computational cost. Our method is based on a…
Through the measurements of magnetic field dependence of specific heat in $La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4$ in zero temperature limit, we find that the nodal slope $v_Δ$ of the superconducting gap has a very similar doping dependence of the pseudogap temperature $T^*$ or value $Δ_p$. Meanwhile the maximum quasiparticle gap derived from $v_Δ$ is quite close to $T^*$. Both indicate a close relationship between the pseudogap and superconductivity. It is also found that $T_c \approx βv_Δγ_n(0)$, where $γ_n(0)$ is the extracted zero temperature value of the normal state specific heat coefficient which is proport…
The electronic properties of multilayers of strongly correlated models for cuprate superconductors are investigated using cluster dynamical mean-field techniques. We focus on combinations of underdoped and overdoped layers and find that the superconducting order parameter in the overdoped layers is enhanced by the proximity effect of the strong pairing scale originating from the underdoped layers. The enhanced order parameter can even exceed the maximum value in uniform systems. This behavior is well reproduced in slave-boson mean-field calculations which also find higher transition temperatur…
We investigate the superconductivity in the $t-J-U$ model within a slave-spin formalism. We show that the BCS mean-field theory implemented with the slave spin formalism naturally predicts two distinct gaps which are the pairing gap of the spinons $Δ_f$ and the Cooper pairing gap of the electrons $Δ_{SC} = ZΔ_f$, where $Z$ is the quasiparticle weight. Furthermore, we find that the nature of the superconducting state depends crucially on the interaction providing the pairing mechanism. For spin interactions, the bandwidth of the spinon hopping term is renormalized by $Z$ but the its pairing ter…
We investigate the paramagnetic-metal-to-antiferromagnetic-metal and antiferromagnetic-metal-to- antiferromagnetic-insulator transitions using a slave-boson mean-field theory. To this effect, we discuss the ground state of the half-filled Hubbard model as a function of t'/t and correlation strength U, where t and t' are the hopping amplitudes between nearest and next-nearest neighbors, respectively. The metal-insulator transition at a critical U_{MIT} is of second order for small levels of magnetic frustration, t'/t<0.06, and of first order for large ones, t'/t>0.06. The insulator is always an…
The Mott metal-insulator transition in the Hubbard model is studied by constructing a dynamical slave-boson mean-field theory in the limit of large lattice coordination number $z$ that incorporates the binding between doubly occupied (doublon) and empty (holon) sites. On the Mott insulating side where all doublons and holons bond in real space into excitonic pairs leading to the charge gap, the theory simplifies considerably to leading order in $1/\sqrt{z}$, and becomes exact on the infinite-$z$ Bethe lattice. An asymptotic solution is obtained for a continuous Mott transition associated with …
We investigate the electron momentum distribution function (EMD) in a weakly doped two-dimensional quantum antiferromagnet (AFM) as described by the t-J model. Our analytical results for a single hole in an AFM based on the self-consistent Born approximation (SCBA) indicate an anomalous momentum dependence of EMD showing 'hole pockets' coexisting with a signature of an emerging large Fermi surface. The position of the incipient Fermi surface and the structure of the EMD is determined by the momentum of the ground state. Our analysis shows that this result remains robust in the presence of next…
Building on work by Florens and Georges, we formulate and study a self-consistent slave rotor mean field theory for strongly correlated systems. This approach views the electron, in the strong correlation regime, as a composite of a neutral spinon and a charged rotor field. We solve the coupled spinon-rotor model self-consistently using a cluster mean field theory for the rotors and various ansatzes for the spinon ground state. We illustrate this approach with a number of examples relevant to ongoing experiments in strongly correlated electronic systems such as: (i) the phase diagram of the is…
Despite of the success of the slave-boson theory in capturing qualitative physics of high-temperature superconductors like cuprates, it fails to reproduce the correct temperature-dependent behavior of superfluid density, let alone the independence of the linear temperature term on doping in the underdoped regimes of hole-doped cuprate, a common experimental observation in different cuprates. It remains puzzling up to now in spite of intensive theoretical efforts. For electron-doped case, even qualitative treatment is not reported at present time. Here we revisit these problems and provide an a…
We consider the magnetic properties of high Tc cuprates from a gauge theory point of view, with emphasis on the underdoped regime. Underdoped cuprates possess certain antiferromagnetic correlations, as evidenced, for example, by different temperature dependence of the Cu and O site NMR relaxation rates, that are not captured well by slave boson mean field theories of the t-J model. We show that the inclusion of gauge fluctuations will remedy the deficiencies of the mean field theories. As a concrete illustration of the gauge-fluctuation restoration of the antiferromangetic correlation and the …
We investigate the phase diagram of phase separation for the hole-doped two dimensional system of antiferromagnetically correlated electrons based on the U(1) slave-boson functional integral approach to the t-J model. We show that the phase separation occurs for all values of J/t, that is, whether $0 < J/t < 1$ or $J/t \geq 1$ with J, the Heisenberg coupling constant and t, the hopping strength. This is consistent with other numerical studies of hole-doped two dimensional antiferromagnets. The phase separation in the physically interesting J region, $0 < J/t \lesssim 0.4$ is examined by introd…
We investigate the correlated electrons in the magic-angle twisted bilayer graphene by using the slave-rotor mean-field theory. Owing to the extended figure of Wannier orbitals, we study the two-orbital cluster Hubbard model with spin-valley fourfold degeneracy, focusing around half filling of valence bands below the neutrality point. The theory predicts multiple Mott insulator phases at fractional fillings not only for integer charges per moir{é} site, and it demonstrates that long-range electron hopping is highly suppressed because multiple-charge excitations are induced. Furthermore, the Ke…
The $t-J$ Hamiltonian is studied in a mean-field approximation by taking into account antiferromagnetic and d-wave pairing correlations. Considering the presence of antiferromagnetic fluctuations, the weaknesses of a mean-field approximation and the limitation of the $t-J$ model near half-filling, we give a new interpretation to the slave boson mean-field theory of the $t-J$ model. We argue that due to phase coherence-breaking antiferromagnetic fluctuations and quantum fluctuations, superconducting long-range order does not appear strictly in two dimensions. $T_{c}$ resulting from interlayer p…
Using a variational Monte-Carlo approach with a recently proposed stripe wave function, we showed that the strong correlation included in a t-J-type model has essentially all the necessary ingredients to form these stripes with modulations of charge density, spin magnetization, and pair field. If a perturbative effect of electron-phonon coupling to renormalize the effective mass or the hopping rate of holes is considered with the model, we find the half-doped stripes, which has on the average one half of a hole in one period of charge modulation, to be most stable, energetic wise in the underd…
We study pseudogap phenomena and Fermi-arc formation experimentally observed in typical two dimensional doped Mott insulators, namely, underdoped cuprate superconductors. To develop a physically unequivocal theory, we start from the slave-boson mean-field theory for the Hubbard model on a square lattice. Our crucial step is to further take into account the charge dynamics and fluctuations. The extra charge fluctuations seriously modify low-energy single-particle spectra of doped Mott insulators near the Fermi level: An electron added around an empty site (or a hole added around a doubly occupi…
The electrical resistivity rho_c of the underdoped cuprate superconductor YBCO was measured perpendicular to the CuO_2 planes on ultra-high quality single crystals in magnetic fields large enough to suppress superconductivity. The incoherent insulating-like behavior of rho_c at high temperature, characteristic of all underdoped cuprates, is found to cross over to a coherent regime of metallic behavior at low temperature. This crossover coincides with the emergence of the small electron pocket detected in the Fermi surface of YBCO via quantum oscillations, the Hall and Seebeck coefficients and …
The localization-delocalization transition is at the heart of strong correlation physics. Recently, there is great interest in multiorbital systems where this transition can be restricted to certain orbitals, leading to an orbital-selective Mott phase (OSMP). Theoretically, the OSMP is widely studied for kinetically decoupled orbitals, but the effect of interorbital hopping remains unclear. Here, we show how nonlocal interorbital hopping leads to local hybridization in single-site dynamical mean-field theory (DMFT). Under fairly general circumstances, this implies that, at zero temperature, th…
Using a spin-rotation invariant version of the slave-boson approach we investigate the relative stability and band structure of various incommensurate phases in the cuprates. Our findings obtained in the Hubbard model with next-nearest neighbor hopping $-t'/t\simeq 0.15$, as appropriate for the La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ family, support the formation of diagonal (vertical) stripe phases in the doping regime $x=1/16$ ($x=1/8$), respectively. In contrast, based on the fact that a larger value $-t'/t=0.3$ expected for YBa$_2$Cu$_3$O$_{6+δ}$ triggers a crossover to the diagonal (1,1) spiral phase at …
We have been able to resolve two long-standing issues that are central to the theory of high Tc superconductivity: (1) How is the physics of the doped region connected to that of the Mott insulator? (2) What is the origin of the two-dimensionality of the normal state? Specifically, based on the t-J model, we derive a renormalized Hamiltonian to describe the properties of underdoped cuprates. The theory is constrained to agree with the behavior at half filling, which is well described by the bosonic RVB state of Arovas and Auerbach. Moving holes are assumed to destroy long-range magnetic order,…
Underdoped Mott insulators provide us with a challenge of many-body physics. Recent renewed understanding is discussed in terms of the evolution of pole and zero structure of the single-particle Green's function. Pseudogap as well as Fermi arc/pocket structure in the underdoped cuprates is well reproduced from the recent cluster extension of the dynamical mean-field theory. Emergent coexisting zeros and poles set the underdoped Mott insulator apart from the Fermi liquid, separated by topological transitions. Cofermion proposed as a generalization of exciton in the slave-boson framework account…
The charge dynamical response function of the $t-t'-U$ Hubbard model is investigated on the square lattice in the thermodynamical limit. The correlation function is calculated from Gaussian fluctuations around the paramagnetic saddle-point within the Kotliar and Ruckenstein slave-boson representation. The next-nearest-neighbor hopping only slightly affects the renormalization of the quasiparticle mass. In contrast a negative $t'/t$ notably decreases (increases) their velocity, and hence the zero-sound velocity, at positive (negative) doping. For low (high) density $n \lesssim 0.5$ ($n \gtrsim …
Slave rotor mean field (SRMF) theory is employed to study exciton formation in the extended Falicov-Kimball Model (EFKM). In this theory, charge and spin (or orbital) degrees are treated as independent degrees of freedom, coupled by a constraint. Using this formalism in single as well as cluster extension, we capture the effective many body scales beyond conventional mean-field theory. While the formation of exciton is favored by the interband hybridization $V$, it is strongly influenced by the on-site Coulomb interaction $U$. Beyond a critical hybridization, there is a condensation of exciton…
For the Su-Schrieffer-Heeger (SSH) model on the two-dimensional square lattice, two third nearest neighbor hoppings which preserve chiral symmetry are introduced. Like the case of one dimension, the longer-range hopping can drive topological transitions and leads to the larger topological invariant (vectored Berry phase for the two dimensional SSH model). We obtain the phase boundaries and topological phase diagrams from the winding pattern of $ρ(k_l)$ of the Bloch Hamiltonian. Effects of correlations on the extended two dimensional SSH model are also investigated. The correlation shifts the p…
In the context of the SU(2) slave boson theory we show that condensation of holons can result in the zero mode of a nodal spinon in a single instanton potential. Instanton contribution in the presence of the zero mode induces the 't Hooft effective interaction, here mass to the spinon. We find that the spinon mass is determined by the state of instantons in the presence of the zero mode. The mass corresponds to antiferromagnetic moment of the nodal spinon. Considering the state of instantons, we discuss the possibility of coexistence between antiferromagnetism and $d-wave$ superconductivity in…
We studied underdoped high $T_c$ superconductors using a spinon-dopon approach (or doped-carrier approach) to $t$-$t'$-$t''$-$J$ model, where spinon carries spin and dopon carries both spin and charge. In this approach, the mixing of spinon and dopon describes superconductivity. We found that a nonuniform mixing in $k$-space is most effective in lowering the $t'$ and $t''$ hopping energy. We showed that at mean-field level, the mixing is proportional to quasiparticle spectral weight $Z_-$. We also found a simple monte-carlo algorithm to calculate $Z_{-}$ from the projected spinon-dopon wavefun…
Through the measurements of magnetic field dependence of specific heat in $La_{2-x}Sr_xCuO_4$ in zero temperature limit, we determined the nodal slope $v_Δ$ of the quasiparticle gap. It is found that $v_Δ$ has a very similar doping dependence of the pseudogap temperature $T^*$ or value $Δ_p$. Meanwhile the virtual maximum gap at ($π,0$) derived from $v_Δ$ is found to follow the simple relation $Δ_q=0.46k_BT^*$ upon changing the doping concentration. This strongly suggests a close relationship between the pseudogap and superconductivity. It is further found that the superconducting transition t…
Detailed theoretical derivation is given for the tunnel magnetoresistance via phonon-assisted hopping through an impurity chain under small magnetic field and a large bias window. This derivation provides a rigorous basis for the physical picture of Pauli blockade switch proposed in our previous paper (arXiv:1404.0633). This picture captures the competition of external magnetic field and internal spin interactions in the tunnel barrier, and relies critically on the strong on-site Coulomb correlation at the impurities. The master equations are obtained by deriving the equations of motion for th…
Using the mean field theory in the slave-boson approach we analyzed the electron correlation effects in the stripe phases. One finds that a finite next-nearest neighbor hopping $t'$ plays an important role in the low doping regime, where it controls the crossover from the filled diagonal to half-filled vertical/horizontal stripes at doping $ x\simeq 1/16$.
We study the stability of homogeneous magnetic phases in a generalized t-J model including a same-sublattice hopping t' and nearest-neighbor repulsion V by means of the slave fermion-Schwinger boson representation of spin operators. At mean-field order we find, in agreement with other authors, that the inclusion of further-neighbor hopping and Coulomb repulsion makes the compressibility positive, thereby stabilizing at this level the spiral and Neel orders against phase separation. However, the consideration of Gaussian fluctuation of order parameters around these mean-field solutions produces…
Within the t-J model, the c-axis charge dynamics of the copper oxide materials in the underdoped and optimally doped regimes is studied by considering the incoherent interlayer hopping. It is shown that the c-axis charge dynamics is mainly governed by the scattering from the in-plane fluctuation. In the optimally doped regime, the c-axis resistivity is a linear in temperatures, and shows the metallic-like behavior for all temperatures, while the c-axis resistivity in the underdoped regime is characterized by a crossover from the high temperature metallic-like behavior to the low temperature se…
The interacting Kane-Mele model with a long-range hopping is studied using analytical method. The original Kane-Mele model is defined on a honeycomb lattice. In the work, we introduce a four-lattice-constant range hopping and the on-site Hubbard interaction into the model and keep its lattice structure unchanged. From the single-particle energy spectrum, we obtain the critical strength of the long-range hopping $t_L$ at which the topological transition occurs in the non-interacting limit of the model and our results show that it is independent of the spin-orbit coupling. After introducing the …
We use a renormalized mean field theory to investigate the superconducting properties of underdoped cuprates embedded with overdoped or metallic regions that carry excess dopants. The overdoped regions are considered, within two different models, first as stripes of mesoscopic size larger than the coherence length and then as point impurities. In the former case we compute the temperature dependent superfluid stiffness by solving Bogoliubov de Gennes equations within the slave boson mean field theory. We average over stripes of different orientations to obtain an isotropic result. To compute t…
A mean-field treatment of the phase string effect in the $t-J$ model is presented. Such a theory is able to unite the antiferromagnetic (AF) phase at half-filling and metallic phase at finite doping within a single theoretical framework. We find that the low-temperature occurrence of the AF long range ordering (AFLRO) at half-filling and superconducting condensation in metallic phase are all due to Bose condensations of spinons and holons, respectively, on the top of a spin background described by bosonic resonating-valence-bond (RVB) pairing. The fact that both spinon and holon here are boson…
Following a recent study by our group in which a large $T_c$ enhancement was reported in bilayers of the non-superconducting $La_{1.65}Sr_{0.35}CuO_4$ and superconducting $La_{1.88}Sr_{0.12}CuO_4$ films [Phys. Rev. Lett. \textbf{101}, 057005 (2008)], we checked if a similar effect occurs when superconducting $La_{1.88}Sr_{0.12}CuO_4$ islands are coated with a continuous layer of the non superconducting $La_{1.65}Sr_{0.35}CuO_4$. We found that no such phenomenon is observed. The bare superconducting islands film behaves as an insulator where transport occurs via hopping or tunneling between isl…
We propose a microscopic physical mechanism that stabilizes coexistence of the Kondo effect and antiferromagnetism in heavy-fermion systems. We consider a two-dimensional quantum Kondo-Heisenberg lattice model and show that long-range electron hopping leads to a robust antiferromagnetic Kondo state. By using a modified slave-boson mean-field approach we analyze the stability of the heavy antiferromagnetic phase across a range or parameters, and discuss transitions between different phases. We also address connection to experiments on heavy fermion compounds.
A fundamental connection between superconductivity and quantum spin fluctuations in underdoped cuprates, is revealed. A variational calculation shows that {\em Cooper pair hopping} strongly reduces the local magnetization $m_0$. This effect pertains to recent neutron scattering and muon spin rotation measurements in which $m_0$ varies weakly with hole doping in the poorly conducting regime, but drops precipitously above the onset of superconductivity.
We present an infinite-dimensional lattice of two-by-two plaquettes, the quadruple Bethe lattice, with Hubbard interaction and solve it exactly by means of the cluster dynamical mean-field theory. It exhibits a $d$-wave superconducting phase that is related to a highly degenerate point in the phase diagram of the isolated plaquette at that the groundstates of the particle number sectors $N=2,3,4$ cross. The superconducting gap is formed by the renormalized lower Slater peak of the correlated, hole-doped Mott insulator. We engineer parts of the interaction and find that pair hoppings between $X…
The t-J model is a paradigmatic model for the study of strongly correlated electron systems. In particular, it has been argued that it is an appropriate model to describe the cuprate high-Tc superconductors. It turns out that a comprehensive understanding of the gamut of physics encoded by the t-J model is still an open problem. In recent years some remarkable experiments on the cuprates, for example, discovery of nodeless superconductivity in underdoped samples (PNAS 109, 18332 (2012)), discovery of s-wave like gap in the pseudogap phase (Phys. Rev. Lett. 111, 107001 (2013)), and observation …
Photoemission spectra of underdoped and lightly-doped Bi$_{2-z}$Pb$_z$Sr$_2$Ca$_{1-x}${\it R}$_{x}$Cu$_2$O$_{8+y}$ ($R=$ Pr, Er) (BSCCO) have been measured and compared with those of La$_{2-x}$Sr$_x$CuO$_4$ (LSCO). The lower-Hubbard band of the insulating BSCCO, like Ca$_2$CuO$_2$Cl$_2$, shows a stronger dispersion than La$_2$CuO$_4$ from ${\bf k}\sim$($π/2,π/2$) to $\sim$($π,0$). The flat band at ${\bf k}\sim$($π,0$) is found generally deeper in BSCCO. These observations together with the Fermi-surface shapes and the chemical potential shifts indicate that the next-nearest-neighbor hopping $|…
We introduce a strongly correlated mean-field theory of the ionic Hubbard model on the triangular lattice with alternating stripes of site energy using Barnes-Coleman slave bosons. We study the paramagnetic phases of this theory at three quarters filling, where it is a model of Na_0.5CoO_2, Rb_0.5CoO_2, and K_0.5CoO_2. This theory has two bands of fermionic quasi-particles: one of which is filled or nearly filled and hence weakly correlated; the other is half-filled or nearly half-filled and hence strongly correlated. Further results depend strongly on the sign of the hopping integral, t. The …
Based on the SU(2) lattice gauge theory formulation of the t-J model, we discuss possible signature of the unit cell doubling associated with the staggered flux (SF) state in the lightly doped spin liquid. Although the SF state appears only dynamically in a uniform d-wave superconducting (SC) state, a topological defect [SU(2) vortex] freezes the SF state inside the vortex core. Consequently, the unit cell doubling shows up in the hopping ($χ_{ij}$) and pairing ($Δ_{ij}$) order parameters of physical electrons. We find that whereas the center in the vortex core is a SF state, as one moves away…
The phase diagrams and superconducting properties of the extended Hubbard model with pair hopping interaction, i.e. the Penson-Kolb-Hubbard model are studied. The analysis of the model is performed for d-dimensional hypercubic lattices, including d=1 and d=$\infty$, by means of the (broken symmetry) Hartree-Fock approximations and, for d=$\infty$, by the slave-boson mean-field method. For d=1, at half-filling the phase diagram is shown to consist of nine different phases including two superconducting states with center-of-mass momentum q=0 and q=Q ($η$-pairing), site and bond-located antiferro…
