We give some evidences of the AGT-W relation between SU(3) quiver gauge theories and A_2 Toda theory. In particular, we derive the explicit form of 5-point correlation functions in the lower orders and confirm the agreement with Nekrasov's partition function for SU(3)xSU(3) quiver gauge theory. The algorithm to derive the correlation functions can be applied to general n-point function in A_2 Toda theory which will be useful to establish the relation for more generic quivers. Partial analysis is also given for SU(3)xSU(2) case and we comment on some technical issues which need clarification before establishing the relation.
We study on the property of 3-point correlation functions of 2-dim A_{N-1} Toda field theory, and show the correspondence with the 1-loop part of partition function of 4-dim N=2 SU(N) quiver gauge theory. As a result, we can check successfully the 1-loop part of AGT-W relation for all the cases of SU(N) quiver gauge group.
Using recursive relations satisfied by Nekrasov partition functions and by irregular conformal blocks we prove the AGT correspondence in the case of N=2 superconformal SU(2) quiver gauge theories with N_f = 0,1,2 antifundamental hypermultiplets
It is shown that the deformed Seiberg-Witten curve equation after Fourier transform is mapped into a differential equation for the AGT dual 2d CFT cnformal block containing an extra completely degenerate field. We carefully match parameters in two sides of duality thus providing not only a simple independent prove of the AGT correspondence in Nekrasov-Shatashvili limit, but also an extension of AGT to the case when a secondary field is included in the CFT conformal block. Implications of our results in the study of monodromy problems for a large class of $n$'th order Fuchsian differential equa…
We study generalized matrix models corresponding to n-point Virasoro conformal blocks on Riemann surfaces with arbitrary genus g. Upon AGT correspondence, these describe four dimensional N=2 SU(2)^{n+3g-3} gauge theories with generalized quiver diagrams. We obtain the generalized matrix models from the perturbative evaluation of the Liouville correlation functions and verify the consistency of the description with respect to degenerations of the Riemann surface. Moreover, we derive the Seiberg-Witten curve for the N=2 gauge theory as the spectral curve of the generalized matrix model, thus pro…
Recently, a physical derivation of the Alday-Gaiotto-Tachikawa correspondence has been put forward. A crucial role is played by the complex Chern-Simons theory arising in the 3d-3d correspondence, whose boundary modes lead to Toda theory on a Riemann surface. We explore several features of this derivation and subsequently argue that it can be extended to a generalization of the AGT correspondence. The latter involves codimension two defects in six dimensions that wrap the Riemann surface. We use a purely geometrical description of these defects and find that the generalized AGT setup can be mo…
We study the 4d/2d AGT correspondence between four-dimensional instanton counting and two-dimensional conformal blocks for generalized SU(2) quiver gauge theories coming from punctured Gaiotto curves of arbitrary genus. We propose a conformal block description that corresponds to the elementary SU(2) trifundamental half-hypermultiplet, and check it against Sp(1)-SO(4) instanton counting.
We construct level one dominant representations of the affine Kac-Moody algebra $\widehat{\mathfrak{gl}}_k$ on the equivariant cohomology groups of moduli spaces of rank one framed sheaves on the orbifold compactification of the minimal resolution $X_k$ of the $A_{k-1}$ toric singularity $\mathbb{C}^2/\mathbb{Z}_k$. We show that the direct sum of the fundamental classes of these moduli spaces is a Whittaker vector for $\widehat{\mathfrak{gl}}_k$, which proves the AGT correspondence for pure $\mathcal{N}=2$ $U(1)$ gauge theory on $X_k$. We consider Carlsson-Okounkov type Ext-bundles over produc…
We give some evidences which imply that W(1+infinity) algebra describes the symmetry behind AGT(-W) conjecture: a correspondence between the partition function of N=2 supersymmetric quiver gauge theories and the correlators of Liouville (Toda) field theory.
MIPT（莫斯科物理技术学院）；Lebedev Physics Institute（列别杰夫物理研究所）；NRC “Kurchatov Institute”（库尔恰托夫国家研究中心）；Institute for Information Transmission Problems（信息传输问题研究所）；Institute for Theoretical and Experimental Physics（理论与实验物理研究所）
In this note, using Nekrasov's gauge origami framework, we study two different versions of the the BPS/CFT correspondence - first, the standard AGT duality and, second, the quiver W algebra construction which has been developed recently by Kimura and Pestun. The gauge origami enables us to work with both dualities simultaneously and find exact matchings between the parameters. In our main example of an A-type quiver gauge theory, we show that the corresponding quiver qW-algebra and its representations are closely related to a large-n limit of spherical gl(n) double affine Hecke algebra whose m…
We propose a relation between correlation functions in the 2d A_{N-1} conformal Toda theories and the Nekrasov instanton partition functions in certain conformal N=2 SU(N) 4d quiver gauge theories. Our proposal generalises the recently uncovered relation between the Liouville theory and SU(2) quivers. New features appear in the analysis that have no counterparts in the Liouville case.
An extension of the AGT relation from two to three dimensions begins from connecting the theory on domain wall between some two S-dual SYM models with the 3d Chern-Simons theory. The simplest kind of such a relation would presumably connect traces of the modular kernels in 2d conformal theory with knot invariants. Indeed, the both quantities are very similar, especially if represented as integrals of the products of quantum dilogarithm functions. However, there are also various differences, especially in the "conservation laws" for integration variables, which hold for the monodromy traces, bu…
An intriguing coincidence between the partition function of super Yang-Mills theory and correlation functions of 2d Toda system has been heavily studied recently. While the partition function of gauge theory was explored by Nekrasov, the correlation functions of Toda equation have not been completely understood. In this paper, we study the latter in the form of Dotsenko-Fateev integral and reduce it in the form of Selberg integral of several Jack polynomials. We conjecture a formula for such Selberg average which satisfies some consistency conditions and show that it reproduces the SU(N) versi…
We discuss the 5d AGT correspondence of supergroup gauge theories with A-type supergroups. We introduce two intertwiners called positive and negative intertwiners to compute the instanton partition function. The positive intertwiner is the ordinary Awata-Feigin-Shiraishi intertwiner while the negative intertwiner is an intertwiner obtained by using central charges with negative levels. We show that composition of them gives the basic Nekrasov factors appearing in supergroup partition functions. We explicitly derive the instanton partition functions of supergroup gauge theories with A and D-typ…
We compute the exact path integral of $\mathcal{N}=2$ supersymmetric gauge theories with general gauge group on $\mathbb{RP}^4$ and a $\mathbb{Z}_2$-quotient of the hemi-$S^4$. By specializing to $SU(2)$ superconformal quivers, we show that these, together with hemi-$S^4$ partition functions, compute Liouville correlators on unoriented/open Riemann surfaces. We perform explicit checks for Riemann surfaces obtained as $\mathbb{Z}_2$ quotients of the sphere and the torus. We also discuss the coupled $3d\!-\!4d$ systems associated to Liouville amplitudes with boundary punctures.
We study N=2 super-conformal field theories in four dimensions that correspond to mass-deformed linear quivers with n gauge groups and (bi-)fundamental matter. We describe them using Seiberg-Witten curves obtained from an M-theory construction and via the AGT correspondence. We take particular care in obtaining the detailed relation between the parameters appearing in these descriptions and the physical quantities of the quiver gauge theories. This precise map allows us to efficiently reconstruct the non-perturbative prepotential that encodes the effective IR properties of these theories. We g…
The AGT correspondence indicates $\mathcal{N}=2$ gauge theory possesses of W algebra symmetry. We study how the conformal block of Toda CFT gives the expectation value of Casimir operators of gauge theory. The $A_2$ Toda CFT with $W_3$ symmetry is taken as the main example.
The relation between the partition function of N=2 gauge theories in 4d and conformal Toda field theory in 2d is explained for the case where the 4d theory is a linear quiver with "quiver tails". That is when the 4d theory has gauge groups of different rank. We propose an identification of a subset of the states of Toda CFT which represent the Coulomb-branch parameters of the different rank gauge multiplets and study their three-point functions and descendants.
We consider the long-standing problem of obtaining the 3-point functions of Toda CFT. Our main tools are topological strings and the AGT-W relation between gauge theories and 2D CFTs. In arXiv:1310.3841 we computed the partition function of 5D $T_N$ theories on $S^4 \times S^1$ and suggested that they should be interpreted as the three-point structure constants of q-deformed Toda. In this paper, we provide the exact AGT-W dictionary for this relation and rewrite the 5D $T_N$ partition function in a form that makes taking the 4D limit possible. Thus, we obtain a prescription for the computation…
We study the generalized matrix model which corresponds to the n-point toric Virasoro conformal block. This describes four-dimensional N=2 SU(2)^n gauge theory with circular quiver diagram by the AGT relation. We first verify that it is obtained from the perturbative calculation of the Liouville correlation function. We derive the Seiberg-Witten curve for N=2 gauge theory as a spectral curve of the generalized matrix model.
We show that Nekrasov instanton partition function for SU(N) gauge theories satisfies recursion relations in the form of U(1)+Virasoro constraints when β = 1. The constraints give a direct support for AGT conjecture for general quiver gauge theories.
In arXiv:1409.6313 we proposed a formula for the 3-point structure constants of Toda field theory, derived using topological strings and the AGT-W correspondence from the partition functions of the non-Lagrangian $T_N$ theories on $S^4$. In this article, we show how the semi-degeneration of one of the three primary fields on the Toda side corresponds to a particular Higgsing of the $T_N$ theories and derive the well-known formula by Fateev and Litvinov.
We show that the double quantization of Seiberg-Witten spectral curve for $Γ$-quiver gauge theory defines the generating current of W$(Γ)$-algebra in the free field realization. We also show that the partition function is given as a correlator of the corresponding W$(Γ)$-algebra, which is equivalent to the AGT relation under the gauge/quiver (spectral) duality.
In this article we explore the duality between the low energy effective theory of five-dimensional N=1 SU(N)^{M-1} and SU(M)^{N-1} linear quiver gauge theories compactified on S^1. The theories we study are the five-dimensional uplifts of four-dimensional superconformal linear quivers. We study this duality by comparing the Seiberg-Witten curves and the Nekrasov partition functions of the two dual theories. The Seiberg-Witten curves are obtained by minimizing the worldvolume of an M5-brane with nontrivial geometry. Nekrasov partition functions are computed using topological string theory. The …
We study various duality webs involving the 3d FT[SU(N)] theory, a close relative of the T[SU(N)] quiver tail. We first map the partition functions of FT[SU(N)] and its 3d spectral dual to a pair of spectral dual q-Toda conformal blocks. Then we show how to obtain the FT[SU(N)] partition function by Higgsing a 5d linear quiver gauge theory, or equivalently from the refined topological string partition function on a certain toric Calabi-Yau three-fold. 3d spectral duality in this context descends from 5d spectral duality. Finally we discuss the 2d reduction of the 3d spectral dual pair and stud…
We further explore the implications of our framework in [arXiv:1301.1977, arXiv:1309.4775], and physically derive, from the principle that the spacetime BPS spectra of string-dual M-theory compactifications ought to be equivalent, (i) a 5d AGT correspondence for any compact Lie group, (ii) a 5d and 6d AGT correspondence on ALE space of type ADE, and (iii) identities between the ordinary, q-deformed and elliptic affine W-algebras associated with the 4d, 5d and 6d AGT correspondence, respectively, which also define a quantum geometric Langlands duality and its higher analogs formulated by Feigin…
We explore the connections between three classes of theories: A_r quiver matrix models, d=2 conformal A_r Toda field theories and d=4 N=2 supersymmetric conformal A_r quiver gauge theories. In particular, we analyse the quiver matrix models recently introduced by Dijkgraaf and Vafa and make detailed comparisons with the corresponding quantities in the Toda field theories and the N=2 quiver gauge theories. We also make a speculative proposal for how the matrix models should be modified in order for them to reproduce the instanton partition functions in quiver gauge theories in five dimensions.
It has recently been argued by Alday et al that the inclusion of surface operators in 4d N=2 SU(2) quiver gauge theories should correspond to insertions of certain degenerate operators in the dual Liouville theory. So far only the insertion of a single surface operator has been treated (in a semi-classical limit). In this paper we study and generalise this proposal. Our approach relies on the use of topological string theory techniques. On the B-model side we show that the effects of multiple surface operator insertions in 4d N=2 gauge theories can be calculated using the B-model topological r…
A_n-type AGT correspondence anticipates that conformal blocks of A_n Toda CFT are related to partition functions of a family of 4d N=2 SCFTs. We use gauge/vortex duality to both give a precise form of the correspondence, and to prove it. Gauge/vortex duality relates the 4d theories and the 2d theories living on its vortices. Partition functions of the 2d theories on vortices provide Coulomb-gas representation of A_n Toda conformal blocks with discrete internal momenta. This gives a triality of relations between the gauge theory, its vortices and the Toda CFT. We prove that A_n triality holds f…
AGT conjecture connects Nekrasov instanton partition function of 4D quiver gauge theory with 2D Liouville conformal blocks. We re-investigate this connection using the central extension of spherical Hecke algebra in q-coordinate representation, q being the instanton expansion parameter. Based on AFLT basis together with interwiners we construct gauge conformal state and demonstrate its equivalence to the Liouville conformal state, with careful attention to the proper scaling behavior of the state. Using the colliding limit of regular states, we obtain the formal expression of irregular conform…
We study instanton partition functions for N=2 superconformal Sp(1) and SO(4) gauge theories. We find that they agree with the corresponding U(2) instanton partitions functions only after a non-trivial mapping of the microscopic gauge couplings, since the instanton counting involves different renormalization schemes. Geometrically, this mapping relates the Gaiotto curves of the different realizations as double coverings. We then formulate an AGT-type correspondence between Sp(1)/SO(4) instanton partition functions and chiral blocks with an underlying W(2,2)-algebra symmetry. This form of the c…
We study $\mathcal{N}=2$ theories on four-dimensional manifolds that admit a Killing vector $v$ with isolated fixed points. It is possible to deform these theories by coupling position-dependent background fields to the flavor current multiplet. The partition function of the deformed theory only depends on the value of the background scalar fields at the fixed points of $v$. For a single adjoint hypermultiplet, the partition function becomes independent of the supergravity as well as the flavor background if the scalars attain special values at the fixed points. For these special values, super…
We consider SU(2)-equivariant dimensional reduction of Yang-Mills theory on manifolds of the form $M\times S^3/Γ$, where $M$ is a smooth manifold and $S^3/Γ$ is a three-dimensional Sasaki-Einstein orbifold. We obtain new quiver gauge theories on $M$ whose quiver bundles are based on the affine ADE Dynkin diagram associated to $Γ$. We relate them to those arising through translationally-invariant dimensional reduction over the associated Calabi-Yau cones $C(S^3/Γ)$ which are based on McKay quivers and ADHM matrix models, and to those arising through SU(2)-equivariant dimensional reduction over …
The partition function of $\mathcal{N}=2$ super Yang-Mills theories with arbitrary simple gauge group coupled to a self-dual $Ω$-background is shown to be fully determined by studying the renormalization group equations relevant to the surface operators generating its one-form symmetries. The corresponding system of equations results in a ${\it non-autonomous}$ Toda chain on the root system of the Langlands dual, the evolution parameter being the RG scale. A systematic algorithm computing the full multi-instanton corrections is derived in terms of recursion relations whose gauge theoretical so…
We derive an infinite set of recursion formulae for Nekrasov instanton partition function for linear quiver U(N) supersymmetric gauge theories in 4D. They have a structure of a deformed version of W_{1+\infty} algebra which is called SH^c algebra (or degenerate double affine Hecke algebra) in the literature. The algebra contains W_N algebra with general central charge defined by a parameter β, which gives the $Ω$ background in Nekrasov's analysis. Some parts of the formulae are identified with the conformal Ward identity for the conformal block function of Toda field theory.
