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arXiv 1004.0158astro-ph.SR
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穿过原行星盘的颗粒生长:10微米硅酸盐特征与毫米斜率

Grain growth across protoplanetary discs: 10-micron silicate feature versus millimetre slope

Dave J. P. Lommen, Ewine F. van Dishoeck, Chris M. Wright, Sarah T. Maddison, Michiel Min, David J. Wilner, Demerese M. Salter, Huib Jan van Langevelde, Tyler L… 展开作者

Dave J. P. Lommen, Ewine F. van Dishoeck, Chris M. Wright, Sarah T. Maddison, Michiel Min, David J. Wilner, Demerese M. Salter, Huib Jan van Langevelde, Tyler L. Bourke, Remco F. J. van der Burg, Geoffrey A. Blake

摘要:

年轻的恒星是在尘埃盘中形成的。圆盘中的颗粒最初与星际尘埃的大小相同。模型预测,这些颗粒将通过凝结而增大尺寸。在微米波长的硅酸盐功能的观察是一致的增长到微米尺寸,而在较长的波长的SED的斜率跟踪增长到毫米尺寸。我们在这里寻找这两个晶粒生长指标之间的相关性。用斯皮策太空望远镜在5-13微米处观测了T-Tauri和Herbig-Ae/Be星的大样本;在毫米波长处观测了一个子样本。我们补充这个子样本的文献中的数据,以最大限度地提高微米和毫米观测和搜索相关性之间的重叠。合成光谱的产生,以确定哪些过程可能产生的尘埃演变。尘埃盘的质量范围在<1 × 10^-4 MSun到7 × 10^-4 MSun之间。大多数源具有与晶粒生长一致的毫米光谱斜率。在10微米硅酸盐特征和SED的毫米斜率之间存在一种试探性的相关性。在微米-毫米图中,观测到的源似乎是按恒星形成区域分组的。模拟结果表明,10微米的特征变得更平坦,随后毫米斜率变得更浅。晶粒尺寸分布比ISM和/或明亮的中心恒星浅,需要解释特定的功能。较大颗粒朝向盘中平面的沉降影响10微米特征,但几乎不影响mm斜率。10微米特征的强度和毫米斜率之间的初步相关性表明,内外盘同时进化。灰尘的质量占主导地位的毫米大小的颗粒需要解释最浅的毫米斜坡。除了晶粒生长之外的其他过程也可能是去除小晶粒的原因。

英文摘要:

Young stars are formed within dusty discs. The grains in the disc are originally of the same size as interstellar dust. Models predict that these grains will grow in size through coagulation. Observations of the silicate features at micron wavelengths are consistent with growth to micron sizes whereas the slope of the SED at longer wavelengths traces growth up to mm sizes. We here look for a correlation between these two grain growth indicators. A large sample of T-Tauri and Herbig-Ae/Be stars was observed with the Spitzer Space Telescope at 5-13 micron; a subsample was observed at mm wavelengths. We complement this subsample with data from the literature to maximise the overlap between micron and mm observations and search for correlations. Synthetic spectra are produced to determine which processes may produce the dust evolution. Dust disc masses in the range <1 to 7 x 10^-4 MSun are obtained. Most sources have a mm spectral slope consistent with grain growth. There is a tentative correlation between the 10-micron silicate feature and the mm slope of the SED. The observed sources seem to be grouped per star-forming region in the micron-vs-mm diagram. The modelling results show that the 10-micron feature becomes flatter and subsequently the mm slope becomes shallower. Grain size distributions shallower than that of the ISM and/or bright central stars are required to explain specific features. Settling of larger grains towards the disc midplane affects the 10-micron feature, but hardly the mm slope. The tentative correlation between the strength of the 10-micron feature and the mm slope suggests that the inner and outer disc evolve simultaneously. Dust with a mass dominated by mm-sized grains is required to explain the shallowest mm slopes. Other processes besides grain growth may also be responsible for the removal of small grains.

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