arXivDaily arXiv每日学术速递 周一至周五更新
arXiv 2007.05715astro-ph.SRastro-ph.EPastro-ph.GA
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有尘埃沉降的原行星盘中的自散射

Self-scattering in protoplanetary disks with dust settling

Robert Brunngräber, Sebastian Wolf

摘要:

再发射通量的散射被认为至少部分地导致了在几个原行星盘的(亚)毫米波长范围内观测到的偏振。虽然散射产生的偏振程度高度依赖于尘埃模型,但早期研究这种机制依赖于尘埃的单一粒度和简单密度分布的假设。然而,在这种机制通常最有效的密集内部区域,已经证实存在尺寸从纳米到毫米的尘埃颗粒。此外,气体的存在迫使较大的晶粒垂直地朝向盘中平面迁移,从而在垂直方向上引入粉尘分离。使用偏振辐射转移模拟,我们分析了在350 $μ$米,850 $μ$米,1.3毫米和2毫米的散射光偏振的依赖性描述原行星盘的各种参数,包括尘埃颗粒沉降的影响。我们发现,不同的磁盘参数改变的偏振度主要是通过影响辐射场的各向异性,光学深度,或两者兼而有之。因此,仅从偏振测量直接推导出某些盘参数值是非常具有挑战性的。然而,假设一个高的尘埃粒子,它是可能的跟踪从光学厚光学薄盘区域的过渡。在大多数被认为是磁盘配置的极化程度低于观察发现,这意味着有必要重新审视模型,描述的尘埃属性和磁盘结构。

英文摘要:

Scattering of re-emitted flux is considered to be at least partially responsible for the observed polarisation in the (sub-)millimetre wavelength range of several protoplanetary disks. Although the degree of polarisation produced by scattering is highly dependent on the dust model, early studies investigating this mechanism relied on the assumption of single grain sizes and simple density distribution of the dust. However, in the dense inner regions where this mechanism is usually most efficient, the existence of dust grains with sizes ranging from nanometres to millimetres has been confirmed. Additionally, the presence of gas forces larger grains to migrate vertically towards the disk midplane, introducing a dust segregation in the vertical direction. Using polarisation radiative transfer simulations, we analyse the dependence of the resulting scattered light polarisation at 350 $μ$m, 850 $μ$m, 1.3 mm, and 2 mm on various parameters describing protoplanetary disks, including the effect of dust grain settling. We find that the different disk parameters change the degree of polarisation mostly by affecting the anisotropy of the radiation field, the optical depth, or both. It is therefore very challenging to deduce certain disk parameter values directly from polarisation measurements alone. However, assuming a high dust albedo, it is possible to trace the transition from optically thick to optically thin disk regions. The degree of polarisation in most of the considered disk configurations is lower than what is found observationally, implying the necessity to revisit models that describe the dust properties and disk structure.

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