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arXiv 1002.0335astro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR
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原行星盘中气体和尘埃的演化

Gas- and dust evolution in protoplanetary disks

T. Birnstiel, C. P. Dullemond, F. Brauer

摘要:

上下文目前关于原行星盘中尘埃的大小和径向演化的模型通常过于简化了盘的径向演化(通过聚焦在一个单一的半径或通过使用稳态盘模型),或者它们假设粒子生长以单分散或无碎裂的方式进行。对原行星盘的进一步研究--如观测、盘化学和结构计算或行星种群合成模型--取决于尘埃的分布,尘埃的分布是盘中颗粒大小和径向位置的函数。目标。我们试图改进现有的模型,以便能够研究初始条件,建立阶段,以及原行星盘的演变如何影响尘埃的生长和运输。方法.我们引入了Brauer等人(2008)模型的一个新版本,其中我们现在包括了随时间变化的气体盘粘性演化,并在其中实现了更先进的输入物理和数值积分方法。结果我们发现,颗粒的性质,气体压力梯度,和湍流的量更影响尘埃的演变比初始条件或建立阶段的原行星盘。我们量化了哪些条件或环境有利于超过米尺寸障碍的增长。高的气体表面密度或带状流动可能有助于克服径向漂移的问题,然而,少量的湍流已经对晶粒生长造成了更大的障碍。

英文摘要:

Context. Current models of the size- and radial evolution of dust in protoplanetary disks generally oversimplify either the radial evolution of the disk (by focussing at one single radius or by using steady state disk models) or they assume particle growth to proceed monodispersely or without fragmentation. Further studies of protoplanetary disks - such as observations, disk chemistry and structure calculations or planet population synthesis models - depend on the distribution of dust as a function of grain size and radial position in the disk. Aims. We attempt to improve upon current models to be able to investigate how the initial conditions, the build-up phase, and the evolution of the protoplanetary disk influence growth and transport of dust. Methods. We introduce a new version of the model of Brauer et al. (2008) in which we now include the time-dependent viscous evolution of the gas disk, and in which more advanced input physics and numerical integration methods are implemented. Results. We show that grain properties, the gas pressure gradient, and the amount of turbulence are much more influencing the evolution of dust than the initial conditions or the build-up phase of the protoplanetary disk. We quantify which conditions or environments are favorable for growth beyond the meter size barrier. High gas surface densities or zonal flows may help to overcome the problem of radial drift, however already a small amount of turbulence poses a much stronger obstacle for grain growth.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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