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arXiv 0912.0096astro-ph.EPastro-ph.SR
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水蚀变和变质作用对太阳前硅酸盐颗粒在辉长岩中存活的影响

The effect of aqueous alteration and metamorphism in the survival of presolar silicate grains in chondrites

Josep M. Trigo-Rodriguez, Jurgen Blum

摘要:

相对少量(通常在百万分之2-200之间)的前太阳颗粒被保存在南极陨石的基质中。不同类型的颗粒的测量丰度是高度可变的,从一个球粒陨石到另一个,但更高的不平衡球粒陨石经历了很少或没有水蚀变和/或变质加热比加工陨石。的丰度测量的前太阳粒(特别是最近确定的前太阳硅酸盐)包含在原始的方解石的一般概述。在这里,我们将重点放在最原始的球粒陨石群,因为通常最高的测量丰度的太阳前颗粒发生在原始球粒陨石经历了很少的热变质作用。在最含水蚀变球粒陨石群,我们发现一个明确的模式,减少丰富的前太阳硅酸盐颗粒的含水蚀变水平的增加。我们的结论是,测得的丰度的前太阳粒蚀变陨石强烈偏见,其独特的历史。量化的规模的强度,水蚀变和冲击变质的方解石可以与含量在太阳前硅酸盐。要做到这一点,就需要推断原始陨石基质中前太阳颗粒的破坏或均匀化程度。为了得到一个公正的图片的相对丰度的原行星盘的不同区域的第一个陨石合并,未来的专门研究原始陨石,国内流离失所者和收集的材料从样品返回任务(如计划马可波罗)是迫切需要的。

英文摘要:

Relatively small amounts (typically between 2-200 parts per million) of presolar grains have been preserved in the matrices of chondritic meteorites. The measured abundances of the different types of grains are highly variable from one chondrite to another, but are higher in unequilibrated chondrites that have experienced little or no aqueous alteration and/or metamorphic heating than in processed meteorites. A general overview of the abundances measured in presolar grains (particularly the recently identified presolar silicates) contained in primitive chondrites is presented. Here we will focus on the most primitive chondrite groups, as typically the highest measured abundances of presolar grains occur in primitive chondrites that have experienced little thermal metamorphism. Looking at the most aqueously altered chondrite groups, we find a clear pattern of decreasing abundance of presolar silicate grains with increasing level of aqueous alteration. We conclude that the measured abundances of presolar grains in altered chondrites are strongly biased by their peculiar histories. Scales quantifying the intensity of aqueous alteration and shock metamorphism in chondrites could correlate with the content in presolar silicates. To do this it would be required to infer the degree of destruction or homogenization of presolar grains in the matrices of primitive meteorites. To get an unbiased picture of the relative abundance of presolar grains in the different regions of the protoplanetary disk where first meteorites consolidated, future dedicated studies of primitive meteorites, IDPs, and collected materials from sample-return missions (like e.g. the planned Marco Polo) are urgently required.

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