We investigate the representations and the structure of Hecke algebras associated to certain finite complex reflection groups. We first describe computational methods for the construction of irreducible representations of these algebras, including a generalization of the concept of $W$-graph to the situation of complex reflection groups. We then use these techniques to find models for all irreducible representations in the case of complex reflection groups of dimension at most three. Using these models we are able to verify some important conjectures on the structure of Hecke algebras.
The current article is a short survey on the theory of Hecke algebras, and in particular Kazhdan-Lusztig theory, and on the theory of symplectic reflection algebras, and in particular rational Cherednik algebras. The emphasis is on the connections between Hecke algebras and rational Cherednik algebras that could allow us to obtain a generalised Kazhdan-Lusztig theory, or at least its applications, for all complex reflection groups.
Following the definition of Rouquier for the "families of characters" of a Weyl group and its generalization to the case of complex reflection groups, already appeared in the works of Broue-Kim and Malle-Rouquier, we show that these "families" depend on a numerical datum of the group, its "essential hyperplanes". Using this characterization, we provide the algorithm and the results of the determination of the Rouquier blocks of the cyclotomic Hecke algebras of all exceptional complex reflection groups.
We review the state-of-the-art concerning the freeness conjecture stated in the 1990's by Broué, Malle and Rouquier for generic Hecke algebras associated to complex reflection groups, and in particular we expose in detail one of the main differences with the ordinary case, namely the lack of 0-Hecke algebras. We end the paper by proving a new case of this conjecture, the exceptional group called G26 in Shephard-Todd classification, namely the largest linear group of automorphisms of the Hessian configuration.
How far can the elementary description of centralizers of parabolic subalgebras of Hecke algebras of finite real reflection groups be generalized to the complex reflection group case? In this paper we begin to answer this question by establishing results in two directions. First, under conditions closely analogous to those existing for the real case, we give explicit relations between coefficients in an element centralizing a generator. Second, we introduce a tool for dealing with a major challenge of the complex case -- the ``instability'' of certain double cosets -- through the definition an…
We establish geodesic normal forms for the general series of complex reflection groups G(de,e,n) by using the presentations of Corran-Picantin and Corran-Lee-Lee of G(e,e,n) and G(de,e,n) for d > 1, respectively. This requires the elaboration of a combinatorial technique in order to explicitly determine minimal word representatives of the elements of G(de,e,n). Using these geodesic normal forms, we construct natural bases for the Hecke algebras associated with the complex reflection groups G(e,e,n) and G(d,1,n). As an application, we obtain a new proof of the BMR freeness conjecture for these …
Iwahori-Hecke algebras for the infinite series of complex reflection groups $G(r,p,n)$ were constructed recently in the work of Ariki and Koike, Broué and Malle, and Ariki. In this paper we give Murnaghan-Nakayama type formulas for computing the irreducible characters of these algebras. Our method is a generalization of that in our earlier paper in which we derived Murnaghan-Nakayama rules for the characters of the Iwahori-Hecke algebras of the classical Weyl groups. In both papers we have been motivated by C. Greene, who gave a new derivation of the Murnaghan-Nakayama formula for irreducible …
We investigate the extensions of the Hecke algebras of finite (complex) reflection groups by lattices of reflection subgroups that we introduced, for some of them, in our previous work on the Yokonuma-Hecke algebras and their connections with Artin groups. When the Hecke algebra is attached to the symmetric group, and the lattice contains all reflection subgroups, then these algebras are the diagram algebras of braids and ties of Aicardi and Juyumaya. We prove a stucture theorem for these algebras, generalizing a result of Espinoza and Ryom-Hansen from the case of the symmetric group to the ge…
We begin the study of unitary representations of Hecke algebras of complex reflections groups. We obtain a complete classification for the Hecke algebra of the symmetric group $\mathfrak{S}_n$ over the complex numbers. Interestingly, the unitary representations in the category $\OO$ for the rational Cherednik algebra of type A studied in \cite{ESG} correspond to the unitary representations of the corresponding Hecke algebra via the KZ functor defined in \cite{GGOR}.
The graded Hecke algebra for a finite Weyl group is intimately related to the geometry of the Springer correspondence. A construction of Drinfeld produces an analogue of a graded Hecke algebra for any finite subgroup of GL(V). This paper classifies all the algebras obtained by applying Drinfeld's construction to complex reflection groups. By giving explicit (though nontrivial) isomorphisms, we show that the graded Hecke algebras for finite real reflection groups constructed by Lusztig are all isomorphic to algebras obtained by Drinfeld's construction. The classification shows that there exist …
We provide a dual version of the Geck--Rouquier Theorem on the center of an Iwahori--Hecke algebra, which also covers the complex case. For the eight complex reflection groups of rank $2$, for which the symmetrising trace conjecture is known to be true, we provide a new faithful matrix model for their Hecke algebra $H$. These models enable concrete calculations inside $H$. For each of the eight groups, we compute an explicit integral basis of the center of $H$.
The two most fundamental conjectures on the structure of the generic Hecke algebra $\mathcal{H}(W)$ associated with a complex reflection group $W$ state that $\mathcal{H}(W)$ is a free module of rank $|W|$ over its ring of definition, and that $\mathcal{H}(W)$ admits a canonical symmetrising trace. The first conjecture has recently become a theorem, while the second conjecture, known to hold for real reflection groups, has only been proved for some exceptional non-real complex reflection groups (all of rank $2$ but one). The two most fundamental conjectures on the structure of the parabolic He…
In the context of Hecke algebras of complex reflection groups, we prove that the generalized Hecke algebras of normalizers of parabolic subgroups are semidirect products, under suitable conditions on the parameters involved in their definition.
For W a finite (2-)reflection group and B its (generalized) braid group, we determine the Zariski closure of the image of B inside the corresponding Iwahori-Hecke algebra. The Lie algebra of this closure is reductive and generated in the group algebra of W by the reflections of W. We determine its decomposition in simple factors. In case W is a Coxeter group, we prove that the representations involved are unitarizable when the parameters of the representations have modulus 1 and are close to 1. We consequently determine the topological closure in this case.
We study the representation theory of a generalized graded Hecke algebra associated to a complex reflection group of type G(r,1,n), defined by Ram and Shepler. We use a realization of this algebra in the corresponding symplectic reflection algebra to prove a PBW theorem. We define principal series modules and prove an irreducibility criterion for them.
The "Rouquier blocks" of the cyclotomic Hecke algebras, introduced by Rouquier, are a substitute for the "families of characters", defined by Lusztig for Weyl groups, which can be applied to all complex reflection groups. In this article, we determine them for the cyclotomic Hecke algebras of the groups of the infinite series, G(de,e,r), thus completing their calculation for all complex reflection groups.
Following the generalization of the notion of families of characters, defined by Lusztig for Weyl groups, to the case of complex reflection groups, thanks to the definition given by Rouquier, we show that the degree and the valuation of the Schur elements (functions A and a) remain constant on the "families" of the cyclotomic Hecke algebras of the exceptional complex reflection groups. The same result has already been obtained for the groups of the infinite series and for some special cases of exceptional groups.
The families of characters, defined by Lusztig for Weyl groups, play an important role in the representation theory of finite reductive groups. The definition of Rouquier for the families of characters in terms of blocks of the Hecke algebra has made possible the generalization of this notion to the case of complex reflection groups. In this article, we study the Rouquier blocks of the cyclotomic Hecke algebras and we show that they depend on numerical data determined by the generic Hecke algebra. Moreover, we provide the algorithm and the results of their determination for all exceptional com…
We study the Schur elements and the a-function for cyclotomic Hecke algebras. As a consequence, we show the existence of canonical basic sets, as defined by Geck-Rouquier, for certain complex reflection groups. This includes the case of finite Weyl groups for all choices of parameters (in characteristic 0).
We classify all the decomposition matrices of the generic Hecke algebras on 3 strands in characteristic 0. These are the generic Hecke algebras associated to the exceptional complex reflection groups $G_4$, $G_8$ and $G_{16}$. We prove that for every choice of the parameters that define these algebras, all ordinary representations are obtained as modular reductions of irreducible representations.
Ginzburg, Guay, Opdam and Rouquier established an equivalence of categories between a quotient category of the category $\mathcal{O}$ for the rational Cherednik algebra and the category of finite dimension modules of the Hecke algebra of a complex reflection group $W$. We establish two generalizations of this result. On the one hand to the extension of the Hecke algebra associated to the normaliser of a reflection subgroup and on the other hand to the extension of the Hecke algebra by a lattice.
We define and study an action of the symmetric group on the Yokonuma--Hecke algebra. This leads to the definition of two classes of algebras. The first one is connected with the image of the algebra of the braid group inside the Yokonuma--Hecke algebras, and in turn with an algebra defined by Aicardi and Juyumaya known as the algebra of braids and ties. The second one can be seen as new deformations of complex reflection groups of type G(d,p,n). We provide several presentations for both algebras and a complete study of their representation theories using Clifford theory.
Let W be a complex reflection group. We prove that there is the maximal finite dimensional quotient of the Hecke algebra H_q(W) of W and that the dimension of this quotient coincides with |W|. This is a weak version of a Broué-Malle-Rouquier conjecture from 1998. The proof is based on categories O for Rational Cherednik algebras.
This paper describes the module categories for a family of generic Hecke algebras that specialize to the complex reflection groups G(r,1,n) and to the certain endomorphism rings of permutation characters of finite general linear groups. In particular, complete sets of inequivalent, irreducible modules for semisimple specializations of these algebras are constructed.
We define Lie subalgebras of the group algebra of a finite pseudo-reflection group that are involved in the definition of the Cherednik KZ-systems, and determine their structure. We provide applications for computing the Zariski closure of the image of generalized (pure) braid group B inside the representations of the corresponding Hecke algebras. We also get unitarizability results for the representations of B originating from Hecke algebras for suitable parameters, and relate our Lie algebras with the topological closure of B in these compact cases.
An inductive approach to the representation theory of the chain of the complex reflection groups G(m,1,n) is presented. We obtain the Jucys-Murphy elements of G(m,1,n) from the Jucys--Murphy elements of the cyclotomic Hecke algebra, and study their common spectrum using representations of a degenerate cyclotomic affine Hecke algebra. Representations of G(m,1,n) are constructed with the help of a new associative algebra whose underlying vector space is the tensor product of the group ring of G(m,1,n) with a free associative algebra generated by the standard m-tableaux.
We define uniformly the notions of Dirac operators and Dirac cohomology in the framework of the Hecke algebras introduced by Drinfeld. We generalize in this way the Dirac cohomology theory for Lusztig's graded affine Hecke algebras. We apply these constructions to the case of symplectic reflection algebras defined by Etingof-Ginzburg, particularly to rational Cherednik algebras for real or complex reflection groups with parameters t,c. As applications, we give criteria for unitarity of modules in category O and we show that the 0-fiber of the Calogero-Moser space admits a description in terms …
In this note, we first prove that the degenerate cyclotomic Yokonuma-Hecke algebra $Y_{r,n}^{d}$ is cellular by constructing an explicit cellular basis. We then develop the fusion procedure for $Y_{r,n}^{d}$, that is, a complete set of pairwise orthogonal primitive idempotents for $Y_{r,n}^{d}$ is defined by consecutive evaluations of a certain rational function.
We prove that the center of each degenerate cyclotomic Hecke algebra associated to the complex reflection group of type B_d(l) consists of symmetric polynomials in its commuting generators. The classification of the blocks of the degenerate cyclotomic Hecke algebras is an easy consequence. We then deduce that the center of an integral block of parabolic category O for the Lie algebra gl_n(C) is generated by the center of its universal enveloping algebra.
We prove the symmetrising trace conjecture of Broué, Malle and Michel for the generic Hecke algebra associated to the exceptional irreducible complex reflection group $G_{13}$. Our result completes the proof of the conjecture for the exceptional 2-reflection groups of rank 2.
Li-Nadler proposed a conjecture about traces of Hecke categories, which implies the semistable part of the Betti Geometric Langlands Conjecture of Ben-Zvi-Nadler in genus 1. We prove a Weyl group analogue of this conjecture. Our theorem holds in the natural generality of reflection groups in Euclidean or hyperbolic space.
We show that the Young tableaux theory and constructions of the irreducible representations of the Weyl groups of type A, B and D, Iwahori-Hecke algebras of types A, B, and D, the complex reflection groups G(r,p,n) and the corresponding cyclotomic Hecke algebras H_{r,p,n}, can be obtained, in all cases, from the affine Hecke algebra of type A. The Young tableaux theory was extended to affine Hecke algebras (of general Lie type) in recent work of A. Ram. We also show how (in general Lie type) the representations of general affine Hecke algebras can be constructed from the representations of sim…
We prove the freeness conjecture of Broue, Malle and Rouquier for the Hecke algebras associated to the primitive complex 2-reflection groups with a single conjugacy class of reflections.
We study a generalization of graded Hecke algebras introduced by Drinfeld in 1986, in which the role of a finite group G is played by a reductive algebraic group. This includes continuous generalizations of symplectic reflection algebras and of rational Cherednik algebras. We prove direct and converse PBW theorems, and also study versions of our algebras in which the group G is replaced with its Lie algebra. We also begin to develop the representation theory of continuous Hecke algebras, which unifies representation theories of real reductive groups, Drinfeld-Lusztig degenerate affine Hecke al…
We refine the infinitesimal Hecke algebra associated to a 2-reflection group into a $\Z/2\Z$-graded Lie algebra, as a first step towards a global understanding of a natural $\mathbbm{N}$-graded object. We provide an interpretation of this Lie algebra in terms of the image of the braid group into the Hecke algebra, in connection with unitary structures. This connection is particularly strong when $W$ is a Coxeter group, and when in addition we can use generalizations of Drinfeld's rational even associators. Finally, in the Coxeter ADE case, we provide a generating set of the even part of this L…
We develop and collect techniques for determining Hochschild cohomology of skew group algebras S(V)#G and apply our results to graded Hecke algebras. We discuss the explicit computation of certain types of invariants under centralizer subgroups, focusing on the infinite family of complex reflection groups G(r,p,n) to illustrate our ideas. Resulting formulas for Hochschild two-cocycles give information about deformations of S(V)#G and, in particular, about graded Hecke algebras. We expand the definition of a graded Hecke algebra to allow a nonfaithful action of G on V, and we show that there ex…
We introduce a general method for constructing modules for $0$-Hecke algebras and supermodules for $0$-Hecke-Clifford algebras from diagrams of boxes in the plane, and give formulas for the images of these modules in the algebras of quasisymmetric functions and peak functions under the relevant characteristic map. As initial applications, we resolve a question of Jing and Li (2015), introduce a new basis of the peak algebra analogous to the quasisymmetric Schur functions, uncover a new connection between Schur $Q$-functions and quasisymmetric Schur functions, give a representation-theoretic in…
Let W be an Iwahori-Weyl group of a connected reductive group G over a non-archimedean local field. I prove that if w is an element of W that does not act on the corresponding apartment of G by a translation then one can apply to w a sequence of conjugations by simple reflections, each of which is length-preserving, resulting in an element w' for which there exists a simple reflection s such that l(sw's)>l(w'). Even for affine Weyl groups, a special case of Iwahori-Weyl groups and also an important subclass of Coxeter groups, this is a new fact about conjugacy classes. Further, there are impli…
In this paper, we shall establish the Mackey formulas in the following two set ups: (i) on the tensor induction and restriction functors on the modules over cyclotomic Hecke algebras (Ariki-Koike algebras) and their standard subalgebras of parabolic subgroups. (ii) on the Bezrukavnikov-Etingof induction and restriction functors among categories O of rational Cherednik algebras for the complex reflection group of type G(r, 1, n) and their parabolic subgroups.
We show that the category O for a rational Cherednik algebra of type A is equivalent to modules over a q-Schur algebra (parameter not a half integer), providing thus character formulas for simple modules. We give some generalization to B_n(d). We prove an ``abstract'' translation principle. These results follow from the unicity of certain highest categories covering Hecke algebras. We also provide a semi-simplicity criterion for Hecke algebras of complex reflection groups.
Let $W$ be a complex reflection group. We formulate a conjecture relating blocks of the corresponding restricted rational Cherednik algebras and Rouquier families for cyclotomic Hecke algebras. We verify the conjecture in the case that $W$ is a wreath product of a symmetric group with a cyclic group of order $l$.
We investigate deformations of skew group algebras arising from the action of the symmetric group on polynomial rings over fields of arbitrary characteristic. Over the real or complex numbers, Lusztig's graded affine Hecke algebra and analogs are all isomorphic to Drinfeld Hecke algebras, which include the symplectic reflection algebras and rational Cherednik algebras. Over fields of prime characteristic, new deformations arise that capture both a disruption of the group action and also a disruption of the commutativity relations defining the polynomial ring. We classify deformations for the s…
In this paper we study the Hecke algebra associated with a complex reflection group W. We discuss some properties of the Galois group of the splitting field of this algebra, and study its action on the so-called fake degrees of W. The methods we use to study the Hecke algebra are based on the construction of representations of this algebra as monodromy of equations of Knizhnik-Zamolodchikov type.
Let $\CC^0_{\g}$ be the category of finite-dimensional integrable modules over the quantum affine algebra $U_{q}'(\g)$ and let $R^{A_\infty}\gmod$ denote the category of finite-dimensional graded modules over the quiver Hecke algebra of type $A_{\infty}$. In this paper, we investigate the relationship between the categories $\CC^0_{A_{N-1}^{(1)}}$ and $\CC^0_{A_{N-1}^{(2)}}$ by constructing the generalized quantum affine Schur-Weyl duality functors $\F^{(t)}$ from $R^{A_\infty}\gmod$ to $\CC^0_{A_{N-1}^{(t)}}$ $(t=1,2)$.
A complete system of pairwise orthogonal minimal idempotents for Birman-Murakami-Wenzl algebras is obtained by a consecutive evaluation of a rational function in several variables on sequences of quantum contents of up-down tableaux. A by-product of the construction is a one-parameter family of fusion procedures for Hecke algebras. Classical limits to two different fusion procedures for Brauer algebras are described.
Let $W_0$ be a reflection subgroup of a finite complex reflection group $W$, and let $B_0$ and $B$ be their respective braid groups. In order to construct a Hecke algebra $\widetilde{H}_0$ for the normalizer $N_W(W_0)$, one first considers a natural subquotient $\widetilde{B}_0$ of $B$ which is an extension of $N_W(W_0)/W_0$ by $B_0$. We prove that this extension is split when $W$ is a Coxeter group, and deduce a standard basis for the Hecke algebra $\widetilde{H}_0$. We also give classes of both split and non-split examples in the non-Coxeter case.
Let G=U(p,q) and K=U(p)xU(q). In arXiv:0801.1530, the authors construct a functor from the category of Harish-Chandra modules for the pair (G,K) to the category of representations of the degenerate affine Hecke algebra of type B_n. In this paper, we study the image of the principal series modules of G under this functor. We describe the dAHA module structure of the image by constructing a family of common eigenvectors of {y_i}. In the rank 1 case, we write down an explicit formula for the generator y_{1} in terms of central elements of U(g) and calculate the eigenvalue of y_{1} by using the ce…
We define the algebraic Dirac induction map $\Ind_D$ for graded affine Hecke algebras. The map $\Ind_D$ is a Hecke algebra analog of the explicit realization of the Baum-Connes assembly map in the $K$-theory of the reduced $C^*$-algebra of a real reductive group using Dirac operators. The definition of $\Ind_D$ is uniform over the parameter space of the graded affine Hecke algebra. We show that the map $\Ind_D$ defines an isometric isomorphism from the space of elliptic characters of the Weyl group (relative to its reflection representation) to the space of elliptic characters of the graded af…
We study a rational version of the double affine Hecke algebra associated to the nonreduced affine root system of type $(C^\vee_n,C_n)$. A certain representation in terms of difference-reflection operators naturally leads to the definition of nonsymmetric versions of the multivariable Wilson polynomials. Using the degenerate Hecke algebra we derive several properties, such as orthogonality relations and quadratic norms, for the nonsymmetric and symmetric multivariable Wilson polynomials.
We prove that the quotient of the group algebra of the braid group on 5 strands by a generic cubic relation has finite rank. This was conjectured in 1998 by Broué, Malle and Rouquier and has for consequence that this algebra is a flat deformation of the group algebra of the complex reflection group $G_{32}$, of order 155,520.
Associated to every complex reflection group, we construct a lattice of quotients of its braid monoid-algebra, which we term nil-Hecke algebras, and which are obtained by killing all braid words that are "sufficiently long", as well as some integer power of each generator. These include usual nil-Coxeter algebras, nil-Temperley-Lieb algebras, and their variants, and lead to symmetric semigroup module categories which necessarily cannot be monoidal. Motivated by classical work of Coxeter (1957) and the Broue-Malle-Rouquier freeness conjecture [Crelle 1998], and continuing beyond work of the sec…
We first give a direct proof of a basis theorem for the cyclotomic Yokonuma-Hecke algebra $Y_{r,n}^{d}(q).$ Our approach follows Kleshchev's, which does not use the representation theory of $Y_{r,n}^{d}(q),$ and so it is very different from that of [ChP2]. We also present two applications. Then we prove that the cyclotomic Yokonuma-Hecke algebra $Y_{r,n}^{d}(q)$ is cellular by constructing an explicit cellular basis, and show that the Jucys-Murphy elements for $Y_{r,n}^{d}(q)$ are JM-elements in the abstract sense. In the appendix, we shall develop the fusion procedure for $Y_{r,n}^{d}(q).$
