We develop and collect techniques for determining Hochschild cohomology of skew group algebras S(V)#G and apply our results to graded Hecke algebras. We discuss the explicit computation of certain types of invariants under centralizer subgroups, focusing on the infinite family of complex reflection groups G(r,p,n) to illustrate our ideas. Resulting formulas for Hochschild two-cocycles give information about deformations of S(V)#G and, in particular, about graded Hecke algebras. We expand the definition of a graded Hecke algebra to allow a nonfaithful action of G on V, and we show that there exist nontrivial graded Hecke algebras for G(r,1,n), in constrast to the case of the natural reflection representation. We prove that one of these graded Hecke algebras is equivalent to an algebra that has appeared before in a different form.
Hochschild cohomology governs deformations of algebras, and its graded Lie structure plays a vital role. We study this structure for the Hochschild cohomology of the skew group algebra formed by a finite group acting on an algebra by automorphisms. We examine the Gerstenhaber bracket with a view toward deformations and developing bracket formulas. We then focus on the linear group actions and polynomial algebras that arise in orbifold theory and representation theory; deformations in this context include graded Hecke algebras and symplectic reflection algebras. We give some general results des…
We generalize graded Hecke algebras to include a twisting two-cocycle for the associated finite group. We give examples where the parameter spaces of the resulting twisted graded Hecke algebras are larger than that of the graded Hecke algebras. We prove that twisted graded Hecke algebras are particular types of deformations of a crossed product.
We consider deformations of quantum exterior algebras extended by finite groups. Among these deformations are a class of algebras which we call truncated quantum Drinfeld Hecke algebras in view of their relation to classical Drinfeld Hecke algebras. We give the necessary and sufficient conditions for which these algebras occur, using Bergman's Diamond Lemma. We compute the relevant Hochschild cohomology to make explicit the connection between Hochschild cohomology and truncated quantum Drinfeld Hecke algebras. To demonstrate the variance of the allowed algebras, we compute both classical type …
Quantum Drinfeld Hecke algebras are generalizations of Drinfeld Hecke algebras in which polynomial rings are replaced by quantum polynomial rings. We identify these algebras as deformations of skew group algebras, giving an explicit connection to Hochschild cohomology. We compute the relevant part of Hochschild cohomology for actions of many reflection groups and we exploit computations from our paper with Shroff for diagonal actions. By combining our work with recent results of Levandovskyy and Shepler, we produce examples of quantum Drinfeld Hecke algebras. These algebras generalize the brai…
We compute the Hochschild cohomology of any block of $q$-Schur algebras. We focus the even part of this Hochschild cohomology ring. To compute the Hochschild cohomology of $q$-Schur algebras, we prove the following two results: first, we construct two graded algebra surjections between the Hochschild cohomologies of quasi-hereditary algebras because all $q$-Schur algebras over a field are quasi-hereditary. Second, we give the graded algebra isomorphism of Hochschild cohomologies by using a certain derived equivalence.
Let $A=A(α, β)$ be a graded down-up algebra with $({\rm deg}\,x, {\rm deg}\,y)=(1,n)$ and $β\neq 0$, and let $\nabla A$ be the Beilinson algebra of $A$. If $n=1$, then a description of the Hochschild cohomology group of $\nabla A$ is known. In this paper, we calculate the Hochschild cohomology group of $\nabla A$ for the case $n \geq 2$. As an application, we see that the structure of the bounded derived category of the noncommutative projective scheme of $A$ is different depending on whether $\left(\begin{smallmatrix} 1&0 \end{smallmatrix}\right)\left(\begin{smallmatrix} α&1 \\ β&0 \end{small…
We show that Hochschild cohomology of an algebra over a field is a space of infinity coderivations on an arbitrary projective bimodule resolution of the algebra. The Gerstenhaber bracket is the graded commutator of infinity coderivations. We thus generalize, to an arbitrary resolution, Stasheff's realization of the Gerstenhaber bracket on Hochschild cohomology as the graded commutator of coderivations on the tensor coalgebra of the algebra.
We prove that Hochschild cohomology of a certain class of fully group-graded algebras is a Mackey functor. We use the machinery of transfer maps between the Hochschild cohomology of symmetric algebras.
This paper continues the work which attempts to understand the general properties of the graded algebras associated with Hecke symmetries without a restriction on the parameter q of the Hecke relation imposed in earlier results.
Let $T$ be a Hochschild extension algebra of a finite dimensional algebra $A$ over a field $K$ by the standard duality $A$-bimodule ${\rm Hom}_K(A,\,K)$. In this paper, we determine the ordinary quiver of $T$ if $A$ is a self-injective Nakayama algebra by means of the $\mathbb{N}$-graded second Hochschild homology group $HH_2(A)$ in the sense of Sköldberg.
We show that graded Hecke algebras are PI algebras if and only if they are finitely generated over their centres if and only if the deformation parameters $t_{i}$ are zero for all $i=1,\ldots,N$. This generalises a result for symplectic reflection algebras by Etingof - Ginzburg and Brown - Gordon.
We determine explicitly the center of the twisted graded Hecke algebras associated to homocyclic groups. Our results are a generalization of formulas by M. Douglas and B. Fiol in [J. High Energy Phys. 2005 (2005), no. 9, 053, 22 pages, hep-th/9903031].
In this paper, we define a number of closely related isomorphisms. On one side of these isomorphisms sit a number of of algebras generalizing the Hecke and affine Hecke algebras, which we call the "Hecke family"; on the other, we find generalizations of KLR algebras in finite and affine type A, the "KLR family." We show that these algebras have compatible isomorphisms generalizing those between Hecke and KLR algebras given by Brundan and Kleshchev. This allows us to organize a long list of algebras and categories into a single system, including (affine/cyclotomic) Hecke algebras, (affine/cyclo…
We consider quantum symmetric algebras, FRT bialgebras and, more generally, intertwining algebras for pairs of Hecke symmetries which represent quantum hom-spaces. The paper makes an attempt to investigate Koszulness and Gorensteinness of those graded algebras without a restriction on the parameter q of the Hecke relation used earlier. When q is a root of 1, positive results require a restriction on the indecomposable modules for the Hecke algebras of type A that can occur as direct summands of representations in the tensor powers of the base space.
We prove that for certain classes of graded algebras (Koszul, local, cellular), infinite global dimension implies that Hochschild homology does not vanish in high degrees, provided the characteristic of the ground field is zero. Our proof uses Igusa's formula relating the Euler characteristic of relative cyclic homology to the graded Cartan determinant.
We formulate the Gerstenhaber algebra structure of Hochschild cohomology of finite group extensions of some quantum complete intersections. When the group is trivial, this work characterizes the graded Lie brackets on Hochschild cohomology of these quantum complete intersections, previously only known for a few cases. As an example, we compute the algebra structure for two generator quantum complete intersections extended by select groups.
We define a cup product on the Hochschild cohomology of an associative conformal algebra $A$, and show the cup product is graded commutative. We define a graded Lie bracket with the degree $-1$ on the Hochschild cohomology $\HH^{\ast}(A)$ of an associative conformal algebra $A$, and show that the Lie bracket together with the cup product is a Gerstenhaber algebra on the Hochschild cohomology of an associative conformal algebra. Moreover, we consider the Hochschild cohomology of split extension conformal algebra $A\hat{\oplus}M$ of $A$ with a conformal bimodule $M$, and show that there exist an…
We show that the center of the Iwahori--Hecke algebra of the symmetric group $S_n$ carries a natural filtered algebra structure, and that the structure constants of the associated graded algebra are independent of $n$. A series of conjectures and open problems are also included.
In this paper we construct a graded Lie algebra on the space of cochains on a $\mathbbZ_2$-graded vector space that are skew-symmetric in the odd variables. The Lie bracket is obtained from the classical Gerstenhaber bracket by (partial) skew-symmetrization; the coboundary operator is a skew-symmetrized version of the Hochschild differential. We show that an order-one element $m$ satisfying the zero-square condition $[m,m]=0$ defines an algebraic structure called "Lie antialgebra". The cohomology (and deformation) theory of these algebras is then defined. We present two examples of non-trivial…
We construct, using geometric invariant theory, a quasi-projective Deligne-Mumford stack of stable graded algebras. We also construct a derived enhancement, which classifies twisted bundles of stable graded A-infinity-algebras. The tangent complex of the derived scheme is given by graded Hochschild cohomology, which we relate to ordinary Hochschild cohomology. We obtain a version of Hilbert stability for non-commutative projective schemes.
Let A be any finite dimensional Hopf algebra over a field k. We specify the Tate and Tate-Hochschild cohomology for A and introduce cup products that make them become graded rings. We establish the relationship between these rings. In particular, the Tate-Hochschild cohomology of A is isomorphic (as algebras) to its Tate cohomology with coefficients in an adjoint module. Consequently, the Tate cohomology ring of A is a direct summand of its Tate-Hochschild cohomology ring. As an example, we explicitly compute both the Tate and Tate-Hochschild cohomology for the Sweedler algebra H_4.
We define a class of algebras which are distinguished by a PBW property and an orthogonality condition, and which we call Hopf-Hecke algebras, since they generalize the Drinfeld Hecke algebras defined by Drinfeld. In the course of studying the orthogonality condition and in analogy to the orthogonal group we show the existence of a pin cover for cocommutative Hopf algebras over $\mathbb{C}$ with an orthogonal module or, more generally, pointed cocommutative Hopf algebras over a field of characteristic $0$ with an orthogonal module. Following the suggestion of Dan Barbasch and Siddhartha Sahi, …
We use the theory of varieties for modules arising from Hochschild cohomology to give an alternative version of the wildness criterion of Bergh and Solberg: If a finite dimensional self-injective algebra has a module of complexity at least 3 and satisfies some finiteness assumptions on Hochschild cohomology, then the algebra is wild. We show directly how this is related to the analogous theory for Hopf algebras that we developed. We give applications to many different types of algebras: Hecke algebras, reduced universal enveloping algebras, small half-quantum groups, and Nichols (quantum symme…
We define Gerstenhaber's graded Lie bracket directly on complexes other than the bar complex, under some conditions. The Koszul complex of a Koszul algebra in particular satisfies our conditions. As examples we recover the Schouten-Nijenhuis bracket for a polynomial ring and the Gerstenhaber bracket for a group algebra of a cyclic group of prime order.
We generalize quantum Drinfeld Hecke algebras by incorporating a 2-cocycle on the associated finite group. We identify these algebras as specializations of deformations of twisted skew group algebras, giving an explicit connection to Hochschild cohomology. We classify these algebras for diagonal actions, as well as for the symmetric groups with their natural representations. Our results show that the parameter spaces for the symmetric groups in the twisted setting is smaller than in the untwisted setting.
This chapter is based on a series of lectures that I gave at the National University of Singapore in April 2013. The notes survey the representation theory of the cyclotomic Hecke algebras of type A with an emphasis on understanding the KLR grading and the connections between the "classical" ungraded representation theory and the rapidly emerging graded theory. They are fairly self-contained and they try to give a leisurely introduction to these algebras, with many examples and calculations that don't appear elsewhere. We make extensive use of the interactions between the ungraded and graded r…
We show that recollements of module categories give rise to homomorphisms between the associated Hochschild cohomology algebras which preserve the strict Gerstenhaber structure, i.e., the cup product, the graded Lie bracket and the squaring map. We review various long exact sequences in Hochschild cohomology and apply our results in order to realise that the occurring maps preserve the strict Gerstenhaber structure as well. As a byproduct, we generalise a known long exact cohomology sequence of Koenig-Nagase to arbitrary surjective homological epimorphisms. We use our observations to motivate …
We consider finite groups acting on quantum (or skew) polynomial rings. Deformations of the semidirect product of the quantum polynomial ring with the acting group extend symplectic reflection algebras and graded Hecke algebras to the quantum setting over a field of arbitrary characteristic. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for such algebras to satisfy a Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt property using the theory of noncommutative Groebner bases. We include applications to the case of abelian groups and the case of groups acting on coordinate rings of quantum planes. In addition, we classify g…
It is shown that the cochain complex of relative Hochschild A-valued cochains of a depth two extension A | B under cup product is isomorphic as a differential graded algebra with the Amitsur complex of the coring S = End {}_BA_B over the centralizer R = A^B with grouplike element 1_S, which itself is isomorphic to the Cartier complex of S with coefficients in the (S,S)-bicomodule R^e. This specializes to finite dimensional algebras, H-separable extensions and Hopf-Galois extensions.
We give a general construction of rings graded by the conjugacy classes of a finite group. Some examples of our construction are the Hochschild cohomology ring of a finite group algebra, the Grothendieck ring of the Drinfel'd double of a group, and the orbifold cohomology ring for a global quotient. We generalize the first two examples by deriving product formulas for the Hochschild cohomology ring of a group crossed product and for the Grothendieck ring of an abelian extension of Hopf algebras. Our results account for similarities in the product structures among these examples.
Quantum symmetric algebras (or noncommutative polynomial rings) arise in many places in mathematics. In this article we find the multiplicative structure of their Hochschild cohomology when the coefficients are in an arbitrary bimodule algebra. When this bimodule algebra is a finite group extension (under a diagonal action) of a quantum symmetric algebra, we give explicitly the graded vector space structure. This yields a complete description of the Hochschild cohomology ring of the corresponding skew group algebra.
We study the Hochschild homology and cohomology of curved A-infinity algebras that arise in the study of Landau-Ginzburg (LG) models in physics. We show that the ordinary Hochschild homology and cohomology of these algebras vanish. To correct this we introduce modified versions of these theories, Borel-Moore Hochschild homology and compactly supported Hochschild cohomology. For LG models the new invariants yield the answer predicted by physics, shifts of the Jacobian ring. We also study the relationship between graded LG models and the geometry of hypersurfaces. We prove that Orlov's derived e…
Given a map $f: X\rightarrow Y$ of simply connected spaces of finite type such. The space of based loops at $f$ of the space of maps between $X$ and $Y$ is denoted by $Ω_{f} Map(X,Y)$. For $n> 0$, we give a model categorical interpretation of the existence (in functorial way) of an injective map of $\mathbb{Q}$-vector spaces $π_{n} Ω_{f}Map(X,Y_{\mathbb{Q}}) \rightarrow HH^{-n}(C^{\ast}(Y),C^{\ast}(X)_{f})$, where $HH^{\ast}$ is the (negative) Hochschild cohomology and $C^{\ast}(X)_{f}$ is the rational cochain complex associated to $X$ equipped with a structure of $C^{\ast}(Y)$-differential gr…
We give a new computation of Hochschild (co)homology of the exterior algebra, together with algebraic structures, by direct comparison with the symmetric algebra. The Hochschild cohomology is determined to be essentially the algebra of even-weight polyvector fields. From Kontsevich's formality theorem, the differential graded Lie algebra of Hochschild cochains is proved to be formal when the vector space generating the exterior algebra is even dimensional. We conjecture that formality fails in the odd dimensional case, proving this when the dimension is one. In all dimensions, formal deformati…
We prove that two quasi-isomorphic simply connected differential graded associative Frobenius algebras have isomorphic Goresky-Hingston algebras on their reduced Hochschild homology. Our proof is based on relating the Goresky-Hingston algebra on reduced Hochschild homology to the singular Hochschild cohomology algebra. For any simply connected oriented closed manifold $M$ of dimension $k$, the Goresky-Hingston algebra on reduced Hochschild homology induces an algebra structure of degree $k-1$ on $\bar{H}^*(LM;\mathbb{Q})$, the reduced rational cohomology of the free loop space of $M$. As a con…
Given an acyclic twisting cochain $π:C\to A$, from a curved dg coalgebra $C$ to a dg algebra $A$, we show that the associated twisted hom complex $\mathrm{Hom}^π_k(C,A)$ has cohomology equal to the Hochschild cohomology of $A$, as a graded ring. As a corollary we find that the Hochschild cohomology of a Koszul algebra $A$, along with its cup product, is a subquotient of the tensor product algebra $A^!\otimes A$ of $A$ with its Koszul dual.
When a finite group acts linearly on a complex vector space, the natural semi-direct product of the group and the polynomial ring over the space forms a skew group algebra. This algebra plays the role of the coordinate ring of the resulting orbifold and serves as a substitute for the ring of invariant polynomials from the viewpoint of geometry and physics. Its Hochschild cohomology predicts various Hecke algebras and deformations of the orbifold. In this article, we investigate the ring structure of the Hochschild cohomology of the skew group algebra. We show that the cup product coincides wit…
In this paper we prove a version of curved Koszul duality for Z/2Z-graded curved coalgebras and their coBar differential graded algebras. A curved version of the homological perturbation lemma is also obtained as a useful technical tool for studying curved (co)algebras and precomplexes. The results of Koszul duality can be applied to study the category of matrix factorizations MF(R,W). We show how Dyckerhoff's generating results fit into the framework of curved Koszul duality theory. This enables us to clarify the relationship between the Borel-Moore Hochschild homology of curved (co)algebras …
