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arXiv 0904.2673astro-ph.EP
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太阳风与尘埃粒子的运动

Solar wind and motion of dust grains

J. Klacka, J. Petrzala, P. Pastor, L. Komar

摘要:

研究了太阳风对任意形状行星际尘埃粒子的作用。最终的粒子相对论协变运动方程包含了粒子的轨道演化和质量变化。非径向太阳风速度矢量也被包括在内。当处理球形粒子,入射太阳风微粒的速度趋于光速,微粒从太阳径向扩散时,协变运动方程在极限情况下退化为Poynting-Robertson效应。为了得到极限情况,必须把量子力学的结果结合到物理考虑中去。太阳风影响行星际球形尘埃粒子运动的条件是$\vec{p}'_{out}$ $=$(1 $-$ $σ'_{pr} / σ'_{tot}$)$\vec{p}'_{in}$,其中$\vec{p}'_{in}$和$\vec{p}'_{out}$是在粒子的适当参考系中测量的入射和出射辐射动量(每单位时间); $σ'_{pr}$和$σ'_{tot}$是太阳风压力和总散射截面。太阳风能量的实际通量密度引起行星际尘埃粒子近日点的移动。当强调与坡印廷-罗伯逊效应进行类比时,这个结果与太阳风对尘埃粒子作用的标准处理有很大不同。此外,近日点移动的演化取决于粒子抛射时母体的轨道位置。

英文摘要:

Action of solar wind on arbitrarily shaped interplanetary dust particle is investigated. The final relativistically covariant equation of motion of the particle contains both orbital evolution and change of particle's mass. Non-radial solar wind velocity vector is also included. The covariant equation of motion reduces to the Poynting-Robertson effect in the limiting case when spherical particle is treated, the speed of the incident solar wind corpuscles tends to the speed of light and the corpuscles spread radially from the Sun. The results of quantum mechanics have to be incorporated into the physical considerations, in order to obtain the limiting case. The condition for the solar wind effect on motion of spherical interplanetary dust particle is $\vec{p}'_{out}$ $=$ (1 $-$ $σ'_{pr} / σ'_{tot}$) $\vec{p}'_{in}$, where $\vec{p}'_{in}$ and $\vec{p}'_{out}$ are incoming and outgoing radiation momenta (per unit time) measured in the proper frame of reference of the particle; $σ'_{pr}$ and $σ'_{tot}$ are solar wind pressure and total scattering cross sections. Real flux density of solar wind energy produces shift of perihelion of interplanetary dust particles. This result significantly differs from the standard treatment of the action of the solar wind on dust particles, when analogy with the Poynting-Robertson effect is stressed. Moreover, the evolution of the shift of perihelion depends on orbital position of the parent body at the time of ejection of the particle.

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