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arXiv 1407.3569astro-ph.EP
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含多种颗粒的粉尘和气体混合物--单流体方法

Dust and gas mixtures with multiple grain species - a one-fluid approach

Guillaume Laibe, Daniel J. Price

摘要:

我们推导出描述由气相和任意数量的尘埃相组成的混合物的单流体演化方程,推广了Laibe & Price(2014 a)中开发的方法。还提供了连续灰尘分布的概括以及强阻力制度的解析近似。这种形式主义奠定了基础的尘埃人口在广泛的天体物理系统的数值模拟,同时避免了与多流体处理的限制。一系列的分析问题,即dustybox,dustyshock和dustywave问题,以及颗粒的径向漂移和原行星盘的流动不稳定性的形式主义的有用性说明。我们发现特定的物理效应的存在下,几个灰尘阶段和多个拖动时间尺度,包括非单调的发展阶段之间的微分速度和提高效率的线性增长的流不稳定性。有趣的是,发现在一定条件下,大颗粒可以在原行星盘中向外迁移。这也许可以解释在距离中心恒星几百个天文单位处存在小鹅卵石的原因。

英文摘要:

We derive the single-fluid evolution equations describing a mixture made of a gas phase and an arbitrary number of dust phases, generalising the approach developed in Laibe & Price (2014a). A generalisation for continuous dust distributions as well as analytic approximations for strong drag regimes are also provided. This formalism lays the foundation for numeri- cal simulations of dust populations in a wide range of astrophysical systems while avoiding limitations associated with a multiple-fluid treatment. The usefulness of the formalism is illustrated on a series of analytical problems, namely the dustybox, dustyshock and dustywave problems as well as the radial drift of grains and the streaming instability in protoplanetary discs. We find physical effects specific to the presence of several dust phases and multiple drag timescales, including non-monotonic evolution of the differential velocity between phases and increased efficiency of the linear growth of the streaming instability. Interestingly, it is found that under certain conditions, large grains can migrate outwards in protoplanetary discs. This may explain the presence of small pebbles at several hundreds of astronomical units from their central star.

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