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arXiv 0901.1463math.APcs.NAmath.NA
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非分离尺度与高对比度下有限维均匀化近似的通量范数方法

Flux norm approach to finite dimensional homogenization approximations with non-separated scales and high contrast

Pennsylvania State University(宾夕法尼亚州立大学);California Institute of Technology(加州理工学院)

Leonid Berlyand, Houman Owhadi

AI总结:

针对具有粗糙系数和高对比度的椭圆方程,提出通量范数并证明传递性质,从而构建误差与系数正则性和对比度无关的有限维逼近空间。

摘要:

我们考虑散度型标量椭圆方程和弹性向量方程,其系数 $a(x)$ 是粗糙的($L^\infty(Ω)$, $Ω\subset \R^d$),特别地,这些方程模拟了具有非分离尺度和材料性质高对比度的介质。我们将通量范数定义为解的通量中势部分的 $L^2$ 范数,该范数与通常的 $H^1$ 范数等价。我们证明,在通量范数下,用适当定义的有限维空间逼近上述具有粗糙系数的 PDE 的解集所产生的误差,等于用标准空间(例如分片多项式)逼近相同类型但具有光滑系数的 PDE 的解集所产生的误差。我们将此性质称为传递性质。该性质的一个简单应用是构造有限维逼近空间,其误差与系数的正则性和对比度无关,且具有最优且显式的收敛速率。该传递性质还为椭圆算子的均匀化提供了全局调和坐标变换的替代方案,并可推广至弹性方程。这些均匀化结果的证明基于一类新的椭圆不等式,该不等式在我们的方法中扮演着经典均匀化中散度-旋度引理的角色。

英文摘要:

We consider divergence-form scalar elliptic equations and vectorial equations for elasticity with rough ($L^\infty(Ω)$, $Ω\subset \R^d$) coefficients $a(x)$ that, in particular, model media with non-separated scales and high contrast in material properties. We define the flux norm as the $L^2$ norm of the potential part of the fluxes of solutions, which is equivalent to the usual $H^1$-norm. We show that in the flux norm, the error associated with approximating, in a properly defined finite-dimensional space, the set of solutions of the aforementioned PDEs with rough coefficients is equal to the error associated with approximating the set of solutions of the same type of PDEs with smooth coefficients in a standard space (e.g., piecewise polynomial). We refer to this property as the {\it transfer property}. A simple application of this property is the construction of finite dimensional approximation spaces with errors independent of the regularity and contrast of the coefficients and with optimal and explicit convergence rates. This transfer property also provides an alternative to the global harmonic change of coordinates for the homogenization of elliptic operators that can be extended to elasticity equations. The proofs of these homogenization results are based on a new class of elliptic inequalities which play the same role in our approach as the div-curl lemma in classical homogenization.

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