Yasufumi Hashimoto
Sarnak obtained the asymptotic formula of the sum of the class numbers of indefinite binary quadratic forms from the prime geodesic theorem for the modular group. In the present paper, we show several asymptotic formulas of partial sums of the class numbers by using the prime geodesic theorems for the congruence subgroups of the modular group.
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For any integer $q\geq 2$ we provide a formula to express indefinite sums of a sequence $(f(n))_{n\geq 0}$ weighted by $q$-periodic sequences in terms of indefinite sums of sequences $(f(qn+p))_{n\geq 0}$, where $p\in\{0,\ldots,q-1\}$. When explicit expressions for the latter sums are available, this formula immediately provides explicit expressions for the former sums. We also illustrate this formula through some examples.
The modular transformation behavior of theta series for indefinite quadratic forms is well understood in the case of elliptic modular forms due to Vignéras, who deduced that solving a differential equation of second order serves as a criterion for modularity. In this paper, we will give a generalization of this result to Siegel theta series.
Indefinite theta functions arising from affine Lie superalgebras and sums of triangular numbers
本文通过推广 Roehrig 和 Zwegers 的不定 theta 函数理论，证明若干幂级数为模形式，并由此导出三角数生成函数幂的恒等式，进而揭示其与仿射李超代数分母恒等式的联系。
We study an asymptotic formula for counting integral points over an equation defined by a non-degenerated indefinite integral ternary quadratic form $f$ representing a non-zero integer $a$ such that $-a\cdot det(f)$ is square over a number field. In particular, we prove that the finite part of this asymptotic formula is given by the product of local density times $1-p^{-1}$ over all finite primes $p$ over $\Bbb Z$.
Indefinite theta vectors and generalized Nahm sums of arbitrary rank
本文为任意秩的带符号广义Nahm和构造不定theta表示，确定其模变换法则，并给出相关乘积向量分量的多重和表示。
In this paper we study a geometric coding algorithm for indefinite binary quadratic forms Q for the congruence subgroup Γ^0(N), with respect to the usual fundamental domain FN, where N is assumed prime. The cycles Q_1, . . ., Q_n that this algorithm produces are such that the the corresponding paths γ_1, . . ., γ_n in the Riemann surface X0(N)(C) have a nice behavior around the elliptic points of order 2.
For special $d$-dimensional hyperbolic shells $E$ with $ d\geq 5$ we show that the number of lattice points in $E$ intersected with a $d$-dimensional cube $C_r$ of edge length $r$, can be approximated by the volume of $E\cap C_r$, as $r$ tends to infinity, up to an error of order ${\mathcal O}(r^{d-2})$. We generalize results and techniques, used by F. Götze (2004), to a large class of {\em indefinite} quadratic forms and we provide explicit bounds for the errors in terms of certain Minkowski minima related to these quadratic forms. Furthermore, we obtain, as in the positive definite case, a r…
On indefinite integral ternary quadratic forms
本文解决了 Margulis 和 Serre 分别于 1990 年提出的两个关于不定整系数三元二次型的问题，通过发展处理高分歧的工具来研究按丢番图不变量加权的类求和。
A modular framework for functions of Knopp and indefinite binary quadratic forms
本文提出了一种模块化框架，用于研究Knopp函数与不定二元二次型相关的非全纯双模形式，并定义了局部调和Maass形式的模类比负权重。
On indefinite $k$-universal integral quadratic forms over number fields
本文研究数域上整二次格的不定 $k$-泛性质，证明 $k\geq3$ 时满足局部—整体原则，并刻画 $k=1,2$ 时局部泛而非整体泛的格的存在条件与类数。
A number field $k$ admits a binary integral quadratic form which represents all integers locally but not globally if and only if the class number of $k$ is bigger than one. In this case, there are only finitely many classes of such binary integral quadratic forms over $k$. A number field $k$ admits a ternary integral quadratic form which represents all integers locally but not globally if and only if the class number of $k$ is even. In this case, there are infinitely many classes of such ternary integral quadratic forms over $k$. An integral quadratic form over a number field $k$ with more tha…
Let $f$ be an indefinite ternary quadratic form, and let $q$ be an integer such that $-q det(f)$ is not a square. Let $N(T,f,q)$ denote the number of integral solutions of the equation $f(x)=q$ where $x$ lies in the ball of radius $T$ centered at the origin. We are interested in the asymptotic behavior of $N(T,f,q)$ as $T$ tends to infinity. We deduce from the results of our joint paper with Z. Rudnick that $N(T,f,q)$ grows like cE(T,f,q)$ as $T$ tends to infinity, where $E(T,f,q)$ is the Hardy-Littlewood expectation (the product of local densities) and $0 \le c \le 2$. We give examples of $f$…
It is known that there is a one-to-one correspondence between equivalence classes of primitive indefinite binary quadratic forms and primitive hyperbolic conjugacy classes of the modular group. Due to such a correspondence, Sarnak obtained the asymptotic formula for the class number sum in order of the fundamental unit by using the prime geodesic theorem for the modular group. In the present paper, we propose asymptotic formulas of the class number sums over discriminants in arithmetic progressions. Since there are relations between the arithmetic properties of the discriminants and the conjug…
For any $\varepsilon > 0$ we derive effective estimates for the size of a non-zero integral point $m \in \mathbb{Z}^d \setminus \{0\}$ solving the Diophantine inequality $\lvert Q[m] \rvert < \varepsilon$, where $Q[m] = q_1 m_1^2 + \ldots + q_d m_d^2$ denotes a non-singular indefinite diagonal quadratic form in $d \geq 5$ variables. In order to prove our quantitative variant of the Oppenheim conjecture, we extend an approach developed by Birch and Davenport [BD58b] to higher dimensions combined with a theorem of Schlickewei [Sch85]. The result obtained is an optimal extension of Schlickewei's …
Mock theta functions and indefinite modular forms III
该文属于数论领域，聚焦含不定二次型的一类函数，开展其模变换性质的研究工作。
Effective density of values of indefinite ternary inhomogeneous quadratic forms
本文研究不定 $\mathbb{Q}$-迷向有理三元非齐次二次型在无理平移下的取值密度，给出范数有界整数向量落入任意目标区间的有效计数下界，指数由平移向量的丢番图性质决定，代数情形下可达到 $ν<1/8$。
This paper develops an approach to the evaluation of quadratic Euler sums that involve harmonic numbers. The approach is based on simple integral computations of polyloga- rithms. By using the approach, we establish some relations between quadratic Euler sums and linear sums. Furthermore, we obtain some closed form representations of quadratic sums in terms of zeta values and linear sums. The given representations are new.
On quadratic character sums over quartics
本文研究了多项式变元的二次特征和问题，推导出了四次和三次多项式变元的二次特征和的变换公式。
Note on large quadratic character sums
本文在广义黎曼假设下，证明了二次狄利克雷特征和存在大值的Omega结果，深化了对该特征和极值行为的理解。
Structure of large quadratic character sums
本文基于Lamzouri的工作，研究大二次特征和的分布，并获得了具有大特征和的二次特征的结构结果。
Let $h(d)$ be the class number of indefinite binary quadratic forms of discriminant $d$, and let $\varepsilon_d$ be the corresponding fundamental unit. In this paper, we obtain an asymptotic formula for the $k$-th moment of $h(d)$ over positive discriminants $d$ with $\varepsilon_d\leq x$, uniformly for real numbers $k$ in the range $0<k\leq (\log x)^{1-o(1)}$. This improves upon the work of Raulf, who obtained such an asymptotic for a fixed positive integer $k$. We also investigate the distribution of large values of $h(d)$ when the $d$'s are ordered according to the size of their fundamental…
Given an integral indefinite binary Hermitian form f over an imaginary quadratic number field, we give a precise asymptotic equivalent to the number of nonequivalent representations, satisfying some congruence properties, of the rational integers with absolute value at most s by f, as s tends to infinity.
Large quadratic character sums
本文在广义黎曼假设下证明二次狄利克雷特征和的Omega结果，其精确度与之前大素数模所有特征的结果相当。
In this paper, we work out some explicit formulae for double nonlinear Euler sums involving harmonic numbers and alternating harmonic numbers. As applications of these formulae, we give new closed form representations of several quadratic Euler sums through Riemann zeta function and linear sums. The given representations are new.
In this paper, we obtain some formulas for double nonlinear Euler sums involving harmonic numbers and alternating harmonic numbers. By using these formulas, we give new closed form sums of several quadratic Euler series through Riemann zeta values, polylogarithm functions and linear sums. Furthermore, some relationships between Euler sums and integrals of polylogarithm functions are established.
In this paper, we derive an explicit combinatorial formula for the number of $k$-subset sums of quadratic residues over finite fields.
Gauss' classical reduction theory for indefinite binary quadratic forms over $\mathbb{Z}$ has originally been proven by means of purely algebraic and arithmetic considerations. It was later discovered that this reduction theory is closely related to a certain symbolic dynamics for the geodesic flow on the modular surface, and hence can also be deduced geometrically. In this article, we use certain symbolic dynamics for the geodesic flow on Hecke triangle surfaces (also the non-arithmetic ones) to develop reduction theories for the indefinite binary quadratic forms associated to Hecke triangle …
The main purpose of this paper is to study higher order moments of the generalized quadratic Gauss sums weighted by $L$-functions using estimates for character sums and analytic methods. We find asymptotic formulas for three character sums which arise naturally in the study of higher order moments of the generalized quadratic Gauss sums. We then use these character sum estimates to find asymptotic formulas for the $\nth{6}$ and $\nth{8}$ order moments of the generalized quadratic Gauss sums weighted by $L$-functions. Our asymptotic formulas satisfy a conjecture of Wenpeng Zhang.
In this paper we study Ramanujan sums $c_{\bf m}(\bf n)$, where $ {\bf m}$ and ${\bf n}$ are integral ideals in an arbitrary quadratic number field. We give some new results about the asymptotic behavior of sums of $c_{\bf m}(\bf n)$ over both $ {\bf m}$ and $ {\bf n}$.
Large values of quadratic character sums revisited
本文在广义黎曼假设下，研究了二次特征和在求和长度超过模数平方根时的大值问题，并得出新的Omega结果。
We use the spectral theory of Hilbert-Maass forms for real quadratic fields to obtain the asymptotics of some sums involving the number of representations as a sum of two squares in the ring of integers.
Large quadratic character sums with multiplicative coefficients
本文在广义黎曼假设下，研究了具有乘法系数的二次狄利克雷特征和的条件大值，并证明了若干Omega结果。
We study smoothed character sums involving $\sum_{m,n} ( \frac{m}{n} )_2$, where $( \frac{m}{n} )_2$ denotes the quadratic symbol in the Gaussian field. We extend previously known results to obtain asymptotic formulas for the sums considered to larger ranges of $m$ and $n$.
For suitable pairs of diagonal quadratic forms in 8 variables we use the circle method to investigate the density of simultaneous integer solutions and relate this to the problem of estimating linear correlations among sums of two squares.
Let $Q(x,y,z)$ be an integral quadratic form with determinant coprime to some modulus $q$. We show that $q\mid Q$ for some non-zero integer vector $(x,y,z)$ of length $O(q^{5/8+\varepsilon})$, for any fixed $\varepsilon>0$. Without the coprimality condition on the determinant one could not achieve an exponent below $2/3$. The proof uses a bound for short character sums involving binary quadratic forms, which extends a result of Chang.
The main purpose of this article is to study higher power mean values of generalized quadratic Gauss sums using estimates for character sums, analytic method and algebraic geometric methods. In this article, we prove two conjectures which were proposed in \cite{BLZ}.
Character sums to prime power moduli evaluated at binary quadratic forms
研究素数幂模下二元二次型的特征和估计，采用p进分析方法，补充Heath-Brown对平方自由模的估计。
Bounds for moments of quadratic Dirichlet character sums of prime moduli
本文在广义黎曼假设下，先对模8p的二次Dirichlet L-函数平移矩建立精确上界，再据此证明素数模二次Dirichlet特征和矩的界。
This paper extends previous work on linear correlations of representation functions of positive definite binary quadratic forms to allow indefinite forms.
It is well known that when a prime $p$ is congruent to 1 modulo 4, the sum of the quadratic residues equals the sum of the quadratic nonresidues. In this note we give analogous results for the case where $p$ is congruent to 3 modulo 4.
In this paper we define the generalized q-analogues of Euler sums and present a new family of identities for q-analogues of Euler sums by using the method of Jackson q-integral rep- resentations of series. We then apply it to obtain a family of identities relating quadratic Euler sums to linear sums and q-polylogarithms. Furthermore, we also use certain stuffle products to evaluate several q-series with q-harmonic numbers. Some interesting new results and illustrative examples are considered. Finally, we can obtain some explicit relations for the classical Euler sums when q approaches to 1.
Bounds for moments of quadratic Dirichlet character sums
本文研究平滑二次 Dirichlet 特征和的矩估计问题，在广义 Riemann 假设下证明其上界，从而确认 M. Jutila 的相关猜想。
This mostly expository paper centers on recently proved conjectures in two areas: A) A conjecture of A. Oppenheim on the values of real indefinite quadratic forms at integral points. B) Conjectures of Dani, Raghunathan, and Margulis on closures of orbits in spaces of lattices such as ${\BSL}_n(\R)/{\BSL}_n(\Z)$. At first sight, A) belongs to analytic number theory and B) belongs to ergodic and Lie theory, and they seem to be quite unrelated. They are discussed together here because of a very interesting connection between the two pointed out by M. S. Raghunathan, namely, a special case of B) y…
Large values of quadratic character sums
本文在广义黎曼假设（GRH）下，研究二次狄利克雷特征和的大值，证明了短、长二次特征和的新欧米伽结果，改进了已有结论。
In this paper, we prove that for $d=3,\dots,8$, every natural number can be written as $t_x+t_y+3t_z+dt_w$, where $x$, $y$, $z$, and $w$ are nonnegative integers and $t_k=k(k+1)/2$ $(k=0,1,2,\ldots)$ is a triangular number. Furthermore, we study mixed sums of triangular numbers and certain binary quadratic forms.
Sums of squares of k-term forms
本文研究至多k项的n元d次形式的平方和锥，证明其随k严格嵌套，并构造了具有特定项数的不定不可约形式。
We consider a generalized Gauss sum supported on matrices over a number field. We evaluate this Gauss sum and relate it to the number of totally isotropic subspaces of related quadratic spaces. Then we consider a further generalization of such a Gauss sum, realizing its value in terms of numbers of totally isotropic subspaces of related quadratic spaces.
Let $\mathcal L^+$ be the set of all primes $p$ for which the sums of $\left(\frac{n}{p}\right)$ over the interval $[1,N]$ are non-negative for all $N$. We prove that the estimate \[ |\mathcal L^+\cap [1,x]|\ll \frac{x}{\ln x(\ln\ln x)^{c-o(1)}} \] holds for $c\approx 0.0368$
Rational integers as sums of units -- the quadratic case
本文研究了二次数域中自然数作为k个单位和的渐进行为，解决了Jarden和Narkiewicz在2007年提出的问题。
We study real quadratic fields $\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{D})$ such that, for a given rational integer $m$, all $m$-multiples of totally positive integers are sums of squares. We prove quite sharp necessary and sufficient conditions for this to happen. Further, we give a fast algorithm that solves this question for specific $m$, $D$ and we give complete results for $m \leq 5000$.
Moments of quadratic Dirichlet character sums
本文研究二次狄利克雷特征和的高次幂矩，利用多变量 Tauberian 定理得到渐近行为，并给出 Jutila 猜想中对数因子指数的下界及 L-函数平移矩加权平均的下界。
Bilinear forms with Kloosterman sums via quadratic characters
研究带有克洛斯特曼和的双线性形式，基于与二次特征和的新联系证明新界限，在临界范围有改进，还给出在扭曲L函数矩及特殊马阿斯形式大筛法中的应用。
Quadratic character sums with multiplicative coefficients
本文针对带乘法系数的二次特征和$\sum_{n \le N}f(n)χ_d(n)$的极值问题，通过共振方法对适当范围的正数$N$建立了条件$Ω$-结果。
We show that the class of every primitive indefinite binary quadratic form is naturally represented by an infinite graph (named çark) with a unique cycle embedded on a conformal annulus. This cycle is called the spine of the çark. Every choice of an edge of a fixed çark specifies an indefinite binary quadratic form in the class represented by the çark. Reduced forms in the class represented by a çark correspond to some distinguished edges on its spine. Gauss reduction is the process of moving the edge in the direction of the spine of the çark. Ambiguous and reciprocal classes are represented b…
Let $S(x,t)$ denote the Weyl sum with associated polynomial $xn + tn^2$. Suppose that $|S(x,t)|$ attains its maximum for given $x$ at $t = t(x)$. We give upper and lower bounds of the same order of magnitude for the $L^p$ norm of $S(x,t(x))$.
Cancellation in Sums of Hecke Eigenvalues Over Quadratic Polynomials and Mass Equidistribution
研究短区间不可约二次多项式上Hecke特征值和的抵消现象，通过Hecke形式基平均得到平方根抵消，结合Kloosterman和界及Nelson工作，证明几乎所有模形式满足质量等分布猜想且收敛速度为k^(-δ)（δ<1/2）。
We establish a quantitative version of Oppenheim's conjecture for generic ternary indefinite quadratic forms using an analytic number theory approach. The statements come with power gains and in some cases are essentially optimal
We define generalised zeta functions associated to indefinite quadratic forms of signature (g-1,1) -- and more generally, to complex symmetric matrices whose imaginary part has signature (g-1,1) -- and we investigate their properties. These indefinite zeta functions are defined as Mellin transforms of indefinite theta functions in the sense of Zwegers, which are in turn generalised to the Siegel modular setting. We prove an analytic continuation and functional equation for indefinite zeta functions. We also show that indefinite zeta functions in dimension 2 specialise to differences of ray cla…
We prove an analogue of Kronecker's second limit formula for a continuous family of "indefinite zeta functions". Indefinite zeta functions were introduced in the author's previous paper as Mellin transforms of indefinite theta functions, as defined by Zwegers. Our formula is valid in dimension g=2 at s=1 or s=0. For a choice of parameters obeying a certain symmetry, an indefinite zeta function is a differenced ray class zeta function of a real quadratic field, and its special value at $s=0$ was conjectured by Stark to be a logarithm of an algebraic unit. Our formula also permits practical high…
In this paper we establish the function field analogue of Bateman-Horn conjecture in short interval in the limit of a large finite field. Hence we start with counting prime polynomials generated by primitive quadratic functions in short intervals. To this end we further work out on function field analogs of cancellation of Mobius sums and its correlations(Chowla type sums) and confirm that square root cancellation in Mobius sums is equivalent to square root cancellation in Chowla type sums.
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