In previous work, we established a duality between the algebraic de Rham cohomology of a flat algebraic connection on a smooth quasi-projective surface over the complex numbers and the rapid decay homology of the dual connection relying on a conjecture by C. Sabbah, which has been proved recently by T. Mochizuki for algebraic connections in any dimension. In the present article, we verify that Mochizuki's results allow to generalize these duality results to arbitrary dimensions also.
We show that under some assumptions on the monodromy group some combinations of higher Chern classes of flat vector bundles are torsion in the Chow group. Similar results hold for flat vector bundles that deform to such flat vector bundles (also in case of quasi-projective varieties). The results are motivated by Bloch's conjecture on Chern classes of flat vector bundles on smooth complex projective varities but in some cases they give a more precise information. We also study Higgs version of Bloch's conjecture and analogous problems in the positive characteristic case.
A. Girand has constructed an explicit two-parameter family of flat connections over the complex projective plane $\mathbb{P}^2$. These connections have dihedral monodromy and their polar locus is a prescribed quintic composed of a conic and three tangent lines. In this paper, we give a generalization of this construction. That is, we construct an explicit $n$-parameter family of flat connections over the complex projective space $\mathbb{P}^n$. Moreover, we discuss the relation between these connections and the Garnier system.
Let $f: X \to S$ be flat morphism over an algebraically closed field $k$ with a relative normal crossings divisor $Y\subset X$, $(E, \nabla)$ be a bundle with a connection with log poles along $Y$ and curvature with values in $f^*Ω^2_{k(S)}$. Then the Gauß-Manin sheaf $R^if_*(Ω^*_{X/S}({\rm log} Y)\otimes E)$ carries a Gauß-Manin connection $GM^i(\nabla)$. We establish a Riemann-Roch formula relating the algebraic Chern-Simons invariants of $\nabla$, $GM^i(\nabla)$ and the top Chern class of $Ω^1_{X/S}({\rm log}Y)$.
We study singular real-analytic Levi-flat hypersurfaces in complex projective space. We define the rank of an algebraic Levi-flat hypersurface and study the connections between rank, degree, and the type and size of the singularity. In particular, we study degenerate singularities of algebraic Levi-flat hypersurfaces. We then give necessary and sufficient conditions for a Levi-flat hypersurface to be a pullback of a real-analytic curve in $\mathbb{C}$ via a meromorphic function. Among other examples, we construct a nonalgebraic semianalytic Levi-flat hypersurface with compact leaves that is a …
We propose an algebraic Riemann-Roch formula for moving flat bundles on contant families in characteristic zero with values in the ring of algebraic differential characters. This formula lifts Grothendieck-Riemann-Roch formula in the Chow groups and Bismut-Lott formula in the odd dimensional Betti cohomology with $\C/\Z$ coefficients over the field of complex numbers.
We review Hodge structures, relating filtrations, Galois Theory and Jordan-Holder structures. The prototypical case of periods of Riemann surfaces is compared with the Galois-Artin framework of algebraic numbers.
For a linear algebraic group $G$ over $\mathbf Q$, we consider the period domains $D$ classifying $G$-mixed Hodge structures, and construct the extended period domains $D_Σ$. In particular, we give toroidal partial compactifications of mixed Mumford--Tate domains, mixed Shimura varieties over $\mathbf C$, and higher Albanese manifolds.
For a linear algebraic group $G$ over $\bf Q$, we consider the period domains $D$ classifying $G$-mixed Hodge structures, and construct the extended period domains $D_{\mathrm{BS}}$, $D_{\mathrm{SL}(2)}$, and $Γ\backslash D_Σ$. In particular, we give toroidal partial compactifications of mixed Mumford--Tate domains.
For a linear algebraic group G over the field of rational numbers, we consider the period domains D classifying G-mixed Hodge structures, and construct the extended period domains as toroidal partial compactifications. We give an interpretation of higher Albanese manifolds by Hain and Zucker by using the above D for some G, and extend them via the toroidal partial compactifications.
It is a fundamental property of the Chow groups of algebraic schemes that they are contra-functorial with respect to flat morphisms between schemes. While the pullback homomorphism is easy to define at the level of algebraic cycles, the crucial step is to show that the pullback of cycles preserves rational equivalence, so that it descends to the Chow groups. The purpose of this note is to give a natural sheaf theoretic proof of the preservation of rational equivalence under flat pullback on cycles.
For every even number $n$, and every $n$-dimensional smooth hypersurface of $\mathbb{P}^{n+1}$ of degree $d$, we compute the periods of all its $\frac{n}{2}$-dimensional complete intersection algebraic cycles. Furthermore, we determine the image of the given algebraic cycle under the cycle class map inside the De Rham cohomology group of the corresponding hypersurface in terms of its Griffiths basis and the polarization. As an application, we use this information to address variational Hodge conjecture for a non complete intersection algebraic cycle. We prove that the locus of general hypersur…
Let $X$ be a compact Kähler manifold with vanishing Riemann curvature. We prove that there exists a manifold $X'$, deformation equivalent to $X$, which is not an analytification of any projective variety, if and only if $H^0(X, Ω^2) \neq 0$. Using this, we recover a recent theorem of Catanese and Demleitner, which states that a rigid smooth quotient of a complex torus is always projective. We also produce many examples of non-algebraic flat Kähler manifolds with vanishing first Betti number.
Let $R$ be a commutative ring. Roughly speaking, we prove that an $R$-module $M$ is flat iff it is a direct limit of $R$-module affine algebraic varieties, and $M$ is a flat Mittag-Leffler module iff it is the union of its $R$-submodule affine algebraic varieties.
We study the moduli functor of flat bundles on smooth, possibly non-proper, algebraic variety $X$ (over a field of characteristic zero). For this we introduce the notion of \emph{formal boundary} of $X$, denoted by $\partial X$, which is a formal analogue of the boundary at infinity of the Betti topological space associated to $X$. We explain how to construct two derived moduli functors $Vect^{\nabla}(X)$ and $Vect^{\nabla}(\partial X)$, of flat bundles on $X$ and on $\partial X$, as well as a restriction map $R : Vect^{\nabla}(X) \rightarrow Vect^\nabla(\partial X)$ from the former to the lat…
Lecture notes of an algebraic geometry graduate course. The topics covered are as follows. Cohomology: ext sheaves and groups, cohomology with support, local cohomology, local duality. Duality: relative duality, Cohen-Macaulay schemes. Morphisms of schemes: flatness and base change and related topics. Hilbert and Quotient schemes.
It is known that the algebraic \deRham cohomology group $\hDR{i}(X_0/\Q)$ of a nonsingular variety $X_0/\Q$ has the same rank as the rational singular cohomology group $\h^i\sing(\Xh;\Q)$ of the complex manifold $\Xh$ associated to the base change $X_0\times_{\Q}\C$. However, we do not have a natural isomorphism $\hDR{i}(X_0/\Q)\iso\h^i\sing(\Xh;\Q)$. Any choice of such an isomorphism produces certain integrals, so called periods, which reveal valuable information about $X_0$. The aim of this thesis is to explain these classical facts in detail. Based on an approach of Kontsevich, different de…
A flat vector bundle on an algebraic variety supports two natural definable structures given by the flat and algebraic coordinates. In this note we show these two structures coincide, subject to a condition on the local monodromy at infinity which is satisfied for all flat bundles underlying variations of Hodge structures.
Let X be a real algebraic subset of R^n and M a smooth, closed manifold. We show that all continuous maps from M to X are homotopic (in X) to C^\infty maps. We apply this result to study characteristic classes of vector bundles associated to continuous families of complex group representations, and we establish lower bounds on the ranks of the homotopy groups of spaces of flat connections over aspherical manifolds.
In \cite{MP} we have shown that if a compact Riemann surface admits a Strebel differential with rational periods, then the Riemann surface is the complex model of an algebraic curve defined over the field of algebraic numbers. We will show in this article that even if all geometric data are defined over $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}$, the Strebel differential can still have a transcendental period. We construct a Strebel differential $q$ on an arbitrary complete nonsingular algebraic curve $C$ defined over $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}$ such that (i) all poles of $q$ are $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}$-rational poi…
Let $H \subset {\mathbb P}^n$ be a real-analytic subvariety of codimension one induced by a real-analytic curve in the Grassmannian $G(n+1,n)$. Assuming $H$ has a global defining function, we prove $H$ is Levi-flat, the closure of its smooth points of top dimension is a union of complex hyperplanes, and its singular set is either of dimension $2n-2$ or dimension $2n-4$. If the singular set is of dimension $2n-4$, then we show the hypersurface is algebraic and the Levi-foliation extends to a singular holomorphic foliation of ${\mathbb P}^n$ with a meromorphic (rational of degree 1) first integr…
We show that infinitesimal Torelli for $n$-forms holds for abelian covers of algebraic varieties of dimension $n\ge 2$, under some explicit ampleness assumptions on the building data of the cover. Moreover, we prove a variational Torelli result for some families of abelian covers.
For any rank 2 Drinfeld module rho defined over an algebraic function field, we consider its period matrix P, which is analogous to the period matrix of an elliptic curve defined over a number field. Suppose that the characteristic of F_q is odd and rho is without complex multiplication. We show that the transcendence degree of the field generated by the entries of P over F_q(theta) is 4. As a consequence, we show also the algebraic independence of Drinfeld logarithms of algebraic functions which are linearly independent over F_q(theta).
We show that if a flat group scheme acts properly, with finite stabilizers, on an algebraic space, then a quotient exists as a separated algebraic space. More generally we show any flat groupid for which the family of stabilizers is finite has a uniform geometric, uniform categorical quotient in the category of algebraic spaces. Our argument is elementary and essentially self contained.
We prove the algebraic version of a conjecture of C. Sabbah on the existence of the good formal structure for meromorphic flat connections on surfaces after some blow up.
The Ehrhart quasi-polynomial of a rational polytope $P$ is a fundamental invariant counting lattice points in integer dilates of $P$. The quasi-period of this quasi-polynomial divides the denominator of $P$ but is not always equal to it: this situation is called quasi-period collapse. Polytopes experiencing quasi-period collapse appear widely across algebra and geometry, and yet the phenomenon remains largely mysterious. Using techniques from algebraic geometry - specifically the $\mathbb{Q}$-Gorenstein deformation theory of orbifold del Pezzo surfaces - we explain quasi-period collapse for ra…
We study the transcendence of periods of abelian differentials, both at the arithmetic and functional level, from the point of view of the natural bi-algebraic structure on strata of abelian differentials. We characterise geometrically the arithmetic points, study their distribution, and prove that in many cases the bi-algebraic curves are the linear ones.
We describe some L-infinity model for the local period map of a compact Kaehler manifold. Applications include the study of deformations with associated variation of Hodge structure constrained by certain closed strata of the Grassmannian of the de Rham cohomology. As a byproduct we obtain an interpretation in the framework of deformation theory of the Yukawa coupling.
Let S be a Noetherian scheme, f:X->Y a surjective S-morphism of S-schemes, with X of finite type over S. We discuss what makes Y of finite type. First, we prove that if S is excellent, Y is reduced, and f is universally open, then Y is of finite type. We apply this to understand Fogarty's theorem in "Geometric quotients are algebraic schemes, Adv. Math. 48 (1983), 166--171" for the special case that the group scheme G is flat over the Noetherian base scheme S. Namely, we prove that if G is a flat S-group scheme of finite type acting on X and f is its strict orbit space, then Y is of finite typ…
We give a criterion under which one can obtain a good decomposition (in the sense of Malgrange) of a formal flat connection on a complex analytic or algebraic variety of arbitrary dimension. The criterion is stated in terms of the spectral behavior of differential operators, and generalizes Robba's construction of the Hukuhara-Levelt-Turrittin decomposition in the one-dimensional case. As an application, we prove the existence of good formal structures for flat meromorphic connections on surfaces after suitable blowing up; this verifies a conjecture of Sabbah, and extends a result of Mochizuki…
In this article we use a theorem of Carlson and Griffiths and compute periods of linear algebraic cycles inside the Fermat variety of even dimension $n$ and degree $d$. As an application, for examples of $n$ and $d$ we prove that the locus of hypersurfaces containing two linear cycles whose intersection is of low dimension, is a reduced component of the Hodge locus in the underlying parameter space. We also check the same statement for hypersurfaces containing a complete intersection algebraic cycle. Our result confirms the Hodge conjecture for Hodge cycles obtained by the monodromy of the hom…
We show that for a variety which admits a quasi-finite period map, finiteness (resp.~non-Zariski-density) of $S$-integral points implies finiteness (resp.~non-Zariski-density) of points over all $\mathbb{Z}$-finitely generated integral domains of characteristic zero. Our proofs rely on foundational results in Hodge theory due to Deligne, Griffiths, and Schmid, and Bakker-Brunebarbe-Tsimerman. We give straightforward applications to Shimura varieties, locally symmetric varieties, the moduli space of smooth hypersurfaces in projective space, and the moduli of smooth divisors in an abelian variet…
We complete the study of some periods of polynomials in (n+1) variables with (n+2) monomials in computing the behavior of these periods in the natural parameter for such a polynomial.
Let $f : X \to S$ be a family of smooth projective algebraic varieties over a smooth connected base $S$, with everything defined over $\overline{\mathbb{Q}}$. Denote by $\mathbb{V} = R^{2i} f_{*} \mathbb{Z}(i)$ the associated integral variation of Hodge structure on the degree $2i$ cohomology. We consider the following question: when can a fibre $\mathbb{V}_{s}$ above an algebraic point $s \in S(\overline{\mathbb{Q}})$ be isomorphic to a transcendental fibre $\mathbb{V}_{s'}$ with $s' \in S(\mathbb{C}) \setminus S(\overline{\mathbb{Q}})$? When $\mathbb{V}$ induces a quasi-finite period map $φ:…
In this article we show how the data of integrals of algebraic differential forms over algebraic cycles can be used in order to prove that algebraic and Hodge cycle deformations of a given algebraic cycle are equivalent. As an example, we prove that most of the Hodge and algebraic cycles of the Fermat sextic fourfold cannot be deformed in the underlying parameter space. We then take a difference of two linear cycles inside the Fermat variety, and gather evidences that the Hodge locus corresponding to this is smooth and reduced. This implies the existence of new algebraic cycles in the Fermat v…
The Hamiltonian theory of isomonodromy equations for meromorphic connections with irregular singularities on algebraic curves is constructed. An explicit formula for the symplectic structure on the space of monodromy and Stokes matrices is obtained. The Whitham equations for the isomonodromy equations are derived. It is shown that they provide a flat connection on the space of the spectral curves of the Hitchin systems.
We study algebraic isomonodromic deformations of flat logarithmic connections on the Riemann sphere with $n\geq 4$ poles, for arbitrary rank. We introduce a natural property of algebraizability for the germ of universal deformation of such a connection. We relate this property to a peculiarity of the corresponding monodromy representation: to yield a finite braid group orbit on the appropriate character variety. Under reasonable assumptions on the deformed connection, we may actually establish an equivalence between both properties. We apply this result in the rank two case to relate finite br…
Let LG be an algebraic loop group associated to a reductive group G. A fundamental stratum is a triple consisting of a point x in the Bruhat-Tits building of LG, a nonnegative real number r, and a character of the corresponding depth r Moy-Prasad subgroup that satisfies a non-degeneracy condition. The authors have shown in previous work how to associate a fundamental stratum to a formal flat G-bundle and used this theory to define its slope. In this paper, the authors study fundamental strata that satisfy an additional regular semisimplicity condition. Flat G-bundles that contain regular strat…
