In this article, we study the jumping numbers of an ideal in the local ring at rational singularity on a complex algebraic surface. By understanding the contributions of reduced divisors on a fixed resolution, we are able to present an algorithm for finding of the jumping numbers of the ideal. This shows, in particular, how to compute the jumping numbers of a plane curve from the numerical data of its minimal resolution. In addition, the jumping numbers of the maximal ideal at the singular point in a Du Val or toric surface singularity are computed, and applications to the smooth case are explored.
In this paper we make a systematic study of the multiplicity of the jumping points associated to the mixed multiplier ideals of a family of ideals in a complex surface with rational singularities. In particular we study the behaviour of the multiplicity by small perturbations of the jumping points. We also introduce a Poincaré series for mixed multiplier ideals and prove its rationality. Finally, we study the set of divisors that contribute to the log-canonical wall.
For a semistable reflexive sheaf $E$ of rank $r$ and $c_1=a$ on $¶^n$ and an integer $d$ such that $r|ad$, we give sufficient conditions so that the restriction of $E$ on a generic rational curve of degree $d$ is balanced, i.e. a twist of the trivial bundle (for instance, if $E$ has balanced restriction on a generic line, or $r=2$ or $E$ is an exterior power of the tangent bundle). Assuming this, we give a formula for the 'virtual degree', interpreted enumeratively, of the locus of rational curves of degree $d$ on which the restriction of $E$ is not balanced, generalizing a classical formula d…
The aim of this paper is to study jumping numbers and multiplier ideals of any ideal in a two-dimensional local ring with a rational singularity. In particular we reveal which information encoded in a multiplier ideal determines the next jumping number. This leads to an algorithm to compute sequentially the jumping numbers and the whole chain of multiplier ideals in any desired range. As a consequence of our method we develop the notion of jumping divisor that allows to describe the jump between two consecutive multiplier ideals. In particular we find a unique minimal jumping divisor that is s…
We prove that the $F$-jumping numbers of the test ideal $τ(X; Δ, \ba^t)$ are discrete and rational under the assumptions that $X$ is a normal and $F$-finite variety over a field of positive characteristic $p$, $K_X+Δ$ is $\bQ$-Cartier of index not divisible $p$, and either $X$ is essentially of finite type over a field or the sheaf of ideals $\ba$ is locally principal. This is the largest generality for which discreteness and rationality are known for the jumping numbers of multiplier ideals in characteristic zero.
This paper studies the jumping coefficients of principal ideals of regular local rings. Recently M. Blickle, M. Mustata and K. Smith showed that, when $R$ is of essentially finite type over a field and $F$-finite, bounded intervals contain finitely many jumping coefficients and that those are rational. In a later paper they extended these results to principal ideals of $F$-finite complete regular local rings. The aim of this paper is to extend these results on the discreteness and rationality of jumping coefficients to principal ideals of arbitrary (i.e. not necessarily $F$-finite) excellent r…
The aim of this paper is to generalize the algorithm to compute jumping numbers on rational surfaces described in [AAD14] to varieties of dimension at least 3. Therefore, we introduce the notion of $π$-antieffective divisors, generalizing antinef divisors. Using these divisors, we present a way to find a small subset of the `classical' candidate jumping numbers of an ideal, containing all the jumping numbers. Moreover, many of these numbers are automatically jumping numbers, and in many other cases, it can be easily checked.
We introduce two families of ideals, $F$-jumping ideals and $F$-Jacobian ideals, in order to study the singularities of hypersurfaces in positive characteristic. Both families are defined using the $D$-modules $M_α$ that were introduced by Blickle, Mustaţă and Smith. Using strong connections between $F$-jumping ideals and generalized test ideals, we give a characterization of $F$-jumping numbers for hypersurfaces. Furthermore, we give an algorithm that determines whether certain numbers are $F$-jumping numbers. In addition, we use $F$-Jacobian ideals to study intrinsic properties of the singul…
Let $\mathfrak a \subset \mathscr O_X$ be a coherent ideal sheaf on a normal complex variety $X$, and let $c \ge 0$ be a real number. De Fernex and Hacon associated a multiplier ideal sheaf to the pair $(X, \mathfrak a^c)$ which coincides with the usual notion whenever the canonical divisor $K_X$ is $\mathbb Q$-Cartier. We investigate the properties of the jumping numbers associated to these multiplier ideals. We show that the set of jumping numbers of a pair is unbounded, countable and satisfies a certain periodicity property. We then prove that the jumping numbers form a discrete set of real…
In this article, we will construct a plurisubharmonic function whose jumping coefficients have a cluster point. We also give a class of plurisubharmonic functions which cannot be equisingular to any plurisubharmonic function with generalized analytic singularities.
In this paper, we investigate the apparent singularities and the dual parameters of rank 2 parabolic connections on $\mathbb{P}^1$ and rank 2 (parabolic) Higgs bundle on $\mathbb{P}^1$. Then we obtain explicit descriptions of Zariski open sets of the moduli space of the parabolic connections and the moduli space of the Higgs bundles. For $n=5$, we can give global descriptions of the moduli spaces in detail.
We study the multiplicity of the jumping numbers of an $\mathfrak m$-primary ideal $\mathfrak a$ in a two-dimensional local ring with a rational singularity. The formula we provide for the multiplicities leads to a very simple and efficient method to detect whether a given rational number is a jumping number. We also give an explicit description of the Poincaré series of multiplier ideals associated to $\mathfrak a$ proving, in particular, that it is a rational function.
Suppose $(X, Δ)$ is a log-$\bQ$-Gorenstein pair. Recent work of M. Blickle and the first two authors gives a uniform description of the multiplier ideal $\mJ(X;Δ)$ (in characteristic zero) and the test ideal $τ(X;Δ)$ (in characteristic $p > 0$) via regular alterations. While in general the alteration required depends heavily on $Δ$, for a fixed Cartier divisor $D$ on $X$ it is straightforward to find a single alteration (e.g. a log resolution) computing $\mJ(X; Δ+ λD)$ for all $λ\geq 0$. In this paper, we show the analogous statement in positive characteristic: there exists a single regular al…
Let R be a two-dimensional regular local ring having an algebraically closed residue field and let a be a complete ideal of finite colength in R. In this article we investigate the jumping numbers of a by means of the dual graph of the minimal log resolution of the pair (X,a). Our main result is a combinatorial criterium for a positive rational number to be a jumping number. In particular, we associate to each jumping number certain ordered tree structures on the dual graph.
We investigate the jumping conics of stable vector bundles $\Ee$ of rank 2 on a smooth quadric surface $Q$ with the Chern classes $c_1=\Oo_Q(-1,-1)$ and $c_2=4$ with respect to the ample line bundle $\Oo_Q(1,1)$. We describe the set of jumping conics of $\Ee$, a cubic symmetroid in $\PP_3$, in terms of the cohomological properties of $\Ee$. As a consequence, we prove that the set of jumping conics, $S(\Ee)$, uniquely determines $\Ee$. Moreover we prove that the moduli space of such vector bundles is rational.
By the famous ADE classification rational double points are simple. Rational triple points are also simple. We conjecture that the simple normal surface singularities are exactly those rational singularities, whose resolution graph can be obtained from the graph of a rational double point or rational triple point by making (some) vertex weights more negative. For rational singularities we show one direction in general, and the other direction (simpleness) within the special classes of rational quadruple points and of sandwiched singularities.
We show that the number of generators of the n-th cotangent cohomology group (n >=2) is the same for all rational surface singularities Y. For a large class of rational surface singularities, including quotient singularities, this number is also the dimension. For them we obtain an explicit formula for the corresponding Poincare series.
A general strategy is given for the classification of graphs of rational surface singularities. For each maximal rational double point configuration we investigate the possible multiplicities in the fundamental cycle. We classify completely certain types of graphs. This allows to extend the classification of rational singularities to multiplicity 8. We also discuss the complexity of rational resolution graphs.
We classify some special classes of non-rational Fano threefolds with terminal singularities. In particular, all such hyperelliptic and trigonal varieties are found.
We prove that the class of log canonical rational singularities is closed under the basic operations of the minimal model program. We also give some supplementary results on the minimal model program for log canonical surfaces.
For any integer $k$ we construct an explicit example of a twistor space which contains a one--parameter family of jumping rational curves, where the normal bundle changes from $O(1)+O(1)$ to $O(k)+O(2-k)$. For $k>3$ the resulting anti--self--dual Ricci-flat manifold is a Zariski cone in the space of holomorphic sections of $O(k)$. In the case $k=2$ we recover the canonical example of Hitchin's folded hyper-Kahler manifold, where the jumping lines form a three--parameter family. We show that in this case there exist normalisable solutions to the Schrodinger equation which extend through the fol…
We prove dimension formulas for the cotangent spaces $T^{1}$ and $T^{2}$ for a class of rational surface singularities by calculating a correction term in the general dimension formulas. We get that it is zero if the dual graph of the rational surface singularity $X$ does not contain a particular type of configurations, and this generalizes a result of Theo de Jong stating that the correction term $c(X)$ is zero for rational determinantal surface singularities. In particular our result implies that $c(X)$ is zero for Riemenschneiders quasi-determinantal rational surface singularities, and this…
The work is a detailed study of rational singularities of multiplicity 3 (RTP-singularities, for short). We give a list of nonisolated hypersurface singularities of which normalisations are the RTP-singularities, and construct their minimal resolution graphs by means of a subdivision of Newton polygons of those -- a method introduced by M. Oka for isolated complete intersection singularities. We show that nonisolated forms of RTP-singularities and their normalisations are both Newton non-degenerate.
We study in this paper some local invariants attached via multiplier ideals to an effective divisor or ideal sheaf on a smooth complex variety. First considered (at least implicitly) by Libgober and by Loeser and Vaquie, these jumping coefficients consist of an increasing sequence of rational numbers beginning with the log canonical threshold of the divisor or ideal in question. They encode interesting geometric and algebraic information, and we show that they arise naturally in several different contexts. Given a polynomial f having only isolated singularities, results of Varchenko, Loeser an…
Using the structure of the jet schemes of rational double point singularities, we construct "minimal embedded toric resolutions" of these singularities. We also establish, for these singularities, a correspondence between a natural class of irreducible components of the jet schemes centered at the singular locus and the set of divisors which appear on every "minimal embedded toric resolution". We prove that this correspondence is bijective except for the $E_8$ singulartiy. This can be thought as an embedded Nash correspondence for rational double point singularities.
We prove the vanishing modulo torsion of the higher direct images of the sheaf of Witt vectors (and the Witt canonical sheaf) for a purely inseparable projective alteration between normal finite quotients over a perfect field. For this, we show that the relative Hodge-Witt cohomology admits an action of correspondences. As an application we define Witt-rational singularities which form a broader class than rational singularities. In particular, finite quotients have Witt-rational singularities. In addition, we prove that the torsion part of the Witt vector cohomology of a smooth, proper scheme…
The purpose of this paper is to prove dimension formulas for $T^1$ and $T^2$ for rational surface singularities. These modules play an important role in the deformation theory of isolated singularities in analytic and algebraic geometry. The first may be identified as the Zariski tangent space of the versal deformation of the singularity; i.e. it is the space of infinitesimal deformations. The second contains the obstruction space -- in all known cases it is the whole obstruction space for rational surface singularities.
It is a conjecture of Kollár that a variety $X$ with rational singularities in some open subvariety $U$ has a rationalification; that is, a proper, birational morphism $f: Y \rightarrow X$ such that $Y$ has rational singularities, and which is an isomorphism over $U$. Whether this is true is already unknown in the case of a (normal) threefold with rational singularities along a curve $C$ except at a single point $p \in C$. There is an analogous conjecture for demi-normal varieties $X$, where we must insist that $Y$ has only semi-rational singularities. Our main result is that if a stronger ver…
We prove that the set of singular configurations of a general Gough Stewart platform has a rational parametrization. We introduce a reciprocal twist mapping which, for a general orientation of the platform, realizes the cubic surface of singularities as the blowing up of a quadric surface in five points.
We consider the question whether one can construct an embedded resolution of singularities of a singular variety $X\subset \textbf{A}^n$ from the data of the irreducible components of the spaces of jets (of $X$) centered at the singular locus of $X.$ We show that the answer is no in general and that it is yes for some birational models of rational triple surface singularities.
Normal complex surface singularities with rational homology disk smoothings
Rényi Institute of Mathematics（雷尼数学研究所）；University of Technology and Economics（布达佩斯技术与经济大学）；Konkuk University（建国大学）；Chungnam National University（忠南国立大学）
We show that if $(X,B)$ is a log canonical pair with $\dim X\geq d+2$, whose non-klt centers have dimension $\geq d$, then $X$ is has depth $\ge d+2$ at every closed point.
Given an n-dimensional variety Z with rational singularities, we conjecture that for a resolution of singularities whose reduced exceptional divisor E has simple normal crossings, the (n-1)-th higher direct image of the sheaf of differential forms with log poles along E vanishes. We prove this when Z has isolated singularities and when it is a toric variety. We deduce that for a divisor D with isolated rational singularities on a smooth complex n-dimensional variety X, the generation level of Saito's Hodge filtration on the localization of the structure sheaf along D is at most n-3.
For a smooth Del Pezzo surface the direct sum of global sections of all isomorphism classes of invertible sheaves on it can be almost canonically endowed with a ring structure, called the Cox ring. We show that in characteristic 0 this ring is Gorenstein and its spectrum has rational singularities. Also a gap in math.AG/0309111 is pointed out.
We give an example of a non $\Q$-Gorenstein variety which is canonical but not klt, and whose canonical divisor has an irrational valuation. We also give an example of an irrational jumping number and we prove that there are no accumulation points for the jumping numbers of normal non-$\Q$-Gorenstein varieties with isolated singularities.
It is a very old and interesting open problem to characterize those collections of embedded topological types of local plane curve singularities which may appear as singularities of a projective plane curve C of degree d. The goal of the present article is to give a complete (topological) classification of those cases when C is rational and it has a unique singularity which is locally irreducible (i.e. C is unicuspidal) with one Puiseux pair.
In this article, we show that if $X$ is an excellent surface with rational singularities, the constant sheaf $\mathbb{Q}_{\ell}$ is a dualizing complex. In coefficient $\mathbb{Z}_{\ell}$, we also prove that the obstruction for $\mathbb{Z}_{\ell}$ to become a dualizing complex lying on the divisor class groups at singular points. As applications, we study the perverse sheaves and the weights of $\ell$-adic cohomology groups on such surfaces.
F-thresholds are defined by Mustata, Takagi and Watanabe in [F-thresholds and Bernstein-Sato polynomials], which are invariants of the pair of ideals on rings of characteristic $p$. In their paper, it is proved F-thresholds equal to jumping numbers for the test ideal on regular local rings. In this note, we give an formula of F-thresholds on toric rings. This formula is a generalization of the example in [Huneke, Mustata, Takagi and Watanabe:F-thresholds, tight closure, integral closure, and multiplicity bounds]. We prove that there exists an inequality between F-jumping coefficients and F-thr…
A T-variety is an algebraic variety X with an effective regular action of an algebraic torus T. Altmann and Hausen gave a combinatorial description of an affine T-variety X by means of polyhedral divisors. In this paper we compute the higher direct images of the structure sheaf of a desingularization of X in terms of this combinatorial data. As a consequence, we give a criterion as to when a T-variety has rational singularities. We also provide a partial criterion for a T-variety to be Cohen-Macaulay. As an application we characterize in this terms quasihomogeneous elliptic singularities of su…
The weighted dual graph of a two-dimensional normal singularity $(X, x)$ represents the topological nature of the exceptional locus of its minimal log resolution. $(X, x)$ and its graph are said to be taut if the singularity can be uniquely determined by the graph. Laufer gave a complete list of taut singularities over $\mathbb{C}$. In positive characteristics, taut graphs over $\mathbb{C}$ are not necessarily taut and tautness have been studied only for special cases. In this paper, we prove the tautness of $F$-regular singularities. We also discuss the tautness of $F$-pure rational singulari…
We prove semi-rationalification and semi-log-canonicalization for Gorenstein demi-normal surfaces. That is, given a Gorenstein demi-normal surface X with semi-rational (respectively, semi-log canonical) singularities in an open set U with complement a finite set of points, there is a proper birational morphism f : Y --> X such that f is an isomorphism over U and Y has only semi-rational (respectively, semi-log canonical) singularities. We proceed by passing to the normalization and then gluing along the conductor in an appropriate rationalification or log-canonicalization of the normalization …
According to our approach for resolution of singularities in positive characteristic (called the Idealistic Filtration Program, alias the I.F.P. for short) the algorithm is devided into the following two steps: Step 1. Reduction of the general case to the monomial case. Step 2. Solution in the monomial case. While we have established Step 1 in arbitrary dimension, Step 2 becomes very subtle and difficult in positive characteristic. This is in clear contrast to the classical setting in characteristic zero, where the solution in the monomial case is quite easy. In dimension 3, we provided an inv…
