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arXiv 0710.1282gr-qcastro-ph
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定位系统的相对论框架

The Relativistic framework of Positioning systems

J. -F. Pascual-Sanchez

摘要:

发射相对论坐标是由四个发射器(卫星、天文台)通过无线电信号广播它们的正确时间而定义和产生的一类时空坐标。它们是最简单的相对论定位系统的主要成分。发射坐标与任何观测者无关。直接接收四颗卫星发射的正确时间,任何用户或观察者都可以测量发射坐标的值,他/她可以从中获得他的轨迹,从而特别是他的位置。此外,当且仅当这四颗卫星也向用户广播它们通过交叉链路自动导航从其他发射器接收的正确时间时,定位系统被称为自动定位或自主。在自动定位系统中,星座的卫星的轨迹也可以由用户知道,并且他们还可以获得星座上的时空(引力场)的度量。自定位相对论定位系统的研究是由Coll和Coll在几年前开始的,其目的是在广义相对论的框架和概念的基础上,发展一种精确的、完全相对论的定位系统和重力测量理论。这种精确的相对论框架是在经典牛顿框架中考虑后牛顿相对论修正的替代方案,后者是目前在全球定位系统和全球轨道导航卫星系统中使用的惯用方法。

英文摘要:

Emission relativistic coordinates are a class of spacetime coordinates defined and generated by four emitters (satellites, pulsars) broadcasting their proper time by radio signals. They are the main ingredient of the simplest conceivable relativistic positioning system. The emission coordinates are independent of any observer. Receiving directly the proper time at emission of four satellites, any user or observer can measure the values of the emission coordinates, from which he/she can obtain his trajectory and hence, in particular, his position. Moreover, if and only if the four satellites also broadcast to the users the proper times they are receiving by cross-link autonavigation from the other emitters, the positioning system is called autolocated or autonomous. In an autolocated positioning system the trajectories of the satellites of the constellation can also be known by the users and they can also obtain the metric of the spacetime (the gravitational field) on the constellation. The study of autolocated relativistic positioning systems has been initiated by Coll and coll. several years ago and it has been aimed for developing an exact fully relativistic theory of positioning systems and gravimetry, based on the framework and concepts of General Relativity. This exact relativistic framework is the alternative to considering post-newtonian relativistic corrections in a classical Newtonian framework, which is the customary approach yet now used in GPS and GLONASS.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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