The potential of twin photons generated by parametric down-conversion for metrological applications are discussed. We present several experimental results like the measurement of chromatic dispersion and polarization mode dispersion in optical fibers.
The basic principle of quantum mechanics guarantee the unconditional security of quantum key distribution (QKD) at the cost of inability of amplification of quantum state. As a result, despite remarkable progress in worldwide metropolitan QKD networks over the past decades, long haul fiber QKD network without trustful relay has not been achieved yet. Here, through sending-or-not-sending (SNS) protocol, we complete a twin field QKD (TF-QKD) and distribute secure keys without any trusted repeater over a 511 km long haul fiber trunk linking two distant metropolitans. Our secure key rate is around…
The scheme for building stronger multi-mode twin beams from a greater number of identical twin beams sufficiently weak so that single-photon sensitive on/off detectors suffice in their detection is studied. Statistical properties of these compound twin beams involving the non-classicality are analyzed for intensities up to hundreds of photon pairs. Their properties are compared with those of the genuine twin beams that require photon-number-resolving detectors in their experimental investigations. The use of such compound twin beams for the generation of sub-Poissonian light and measurement of…
A method for reconstructing joint photon-number distributions of twin beams from the experimental photocount histograms is suggested and experimentally implemented. Contrary to the standard reconstruction methods, it incorporates spatial noise reduction based on spatial pairing of photons. Superior performance of the method above the usual one for the maximum-likelihood approach is demonstrated.
We propose a Heisenberg-limited quantum interferometer whose input is twin optical beams from which one or more photons have been indistinguishably subtracted. Such an interferometer can yield Heisenberg-limited performance while at the same time giving a direct fringe reading, unlike for the twin-beam input of the Holland-Burnett interferometer. We propose a feasible experimental realization using a photon-number correlated source, such as non-degenerate parametric down-conversion, and perform realistic analyses of performance in the presence of loss and detector inefficiency.
High-flux sub-Poissonian twin fields generation from warm atomic vapor
FAMU–FSU College of Engineering, Florida State University(佛罗里达州立大学 FAMU-FSU 工程学院);University of Tennessee, Chattanooga(田纳西大学查塔努加分校);University of Tennessee, Knoxville(田纳西大学诺克斯维尔分校)
We have devised an experimentally realizable model generating twin beam states whose individual beam photon statistics are varied from thermal to Poissonian keeping the non-classical mode correlation intact. We have studied the usefulness of these states for loss measurement by considering three different estimators, comparing with the correlated thermal twin beam states generated from spontaneous parametric down conversion or four-wave mixing. We then incorporated the photon subtraction operation into the model and demonstrate their advantage in loss estimations with respect to un-subtracted …
Quantum key distribution endows people with information-theoretical security in communications. Twin-field quantum key distribution (TF-QKD) has attracted considerable attention because of its outstanding key rates over long distances. Recently, several demonstrations of TF-QKD have been realized. Nevertheless, those experiments are implemented in the laboratory, remaining a critical question about whether the TF-QKD is feasible in real-world circumstances. Here, by adopting the sending-or-not-sending twin-field QKD (SNS-TF-QKD) with the method of actively odd parity pairing (AOPP), we demonst…
Photon-pair sources based on thin film lithium niobate on insulator technology have a great potential for integrated optical quantum information processing. We report on such a source of correlated twin-photon pairs generated by spontaneous parametric down conversion in a silicon nitride (SiN) rib loaded thin film periodically poled lithium niobate (LN) waveguide. The generated photon pairs have a wavelength centred at 1560\,nm compatible with present telecom infrastructure, a large bandwidth (21\,THz) and a brightness of $\sim 2.5\times 10^5$\,pairs/s/mW/GHz. The photons are correlated and ex…
Gradual loss of the entanglement of a twin beam containing around 25 photon pairs with the increasing external noise is experimentally investigated. The entanglement is quantified by the non-classicality depths and the non-classicality counting parameters related to several non-classicality criteria. The reduction of intensity moments of the analyzed multi-mode twin beams to single-mode ones allows to determine the negativity as another quantifier of the entanglement. Both the raw photocount histograms and the reconstructed photon-number distributions are analyzed in parallel.
Quantum mechanics allows the distribution of intrinsically secure encryption keys by optical means. Twin-field quantum key distribution is the most promising technique for its implementation on long-distance fibers, but requires stabilizing the optical length of the communication channels between parties. In proof-of-principle experiments based on spooled fibers, this was achieved by interleaving the quantum communication with periodical adjustment frames. In this approach, longer duty cycles for the key streaming come at the cost of a looser control of channel length, and a successful key-tra…
We experimentally demonstrate the generation of a three-photon discrete-energy-entangled W state using multi-photon-pair generation by spontaneous four-wave mixing in an optical fiber. We show that by making use of prior information on the photon source we can verify the state produced by this source without resorting to frequency conversion.
Pulsed pumped four-wave mixing process via $χ^{(3)}$ non-linearity in optical fiber can generate optical pulses with continuous variable quantum correlation. However, pair-wise correlation of the generated pulses in this system has not been studied. Here we report a time-domain measurement of an intensity difference squeezed state generated in fiber. With a fast response differential detection system, we show the generated twin-beam pulses are pair-wisely correlated, and -3.8 dB (-8.1 dB after detection losses correction) intensity difference squeezing degree is measured in time-domain. Our re…