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arXiv quant-ph/9804055quant-phcond-mathep-th
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介质球与壁面间的Casimir力:真空涨落放大的模型

Casimir Force between a Dielectric Sphere and a Wall: A Model for Amplification of Vacuum Fluctuations

L. H. Ford

摘要:

研究了可极化粒子与反射壁的相互作用。采用宏观的方法,其中平均力计算从麦克斯韦应力张量。一个完美的反射墙和一个球的介电函数所给出的德鲁德模型的特殊情况下进行了详细研究。结果表明,该力可表示为位置的单调衰减函数和振荡件的单调衰减函数之和。在大的分离,振荡片是占主导地位的贡献,是远远大于卡西米尔-波尔德相互作用的限制,球是一个完美的导体。有人认为,这种增强力可以解释在真空波动的频谱。在理想导电球的极限中,在频谱的不同部分之间存在抵消,这在具有频率依赖极化率的球的情况下不再完全发生。对力的振荡分量的大小的估计表明,它可能大到足以被观察到。

英文摘要:

The interaction between a polarizable particle and a reflecting wall is examined. A macroscopic approach is adopted in which the averaged force is computed from the Maxwell stress tensor. The particular case of a perfectly reflecting wall and a sphere with a dielectric function given by the Drude model is examined in detail. It is found that the force can be expressed as the sum of a monotonically decaying function of position and of an oscillatory piece. At large separations, the oscillatory piece is the dominant contribution, and is much larger than the Casimir-Polder interaction that arises in the limit that the sphere is a perfect conductor. It is argued that this enhancement of the force can be interpreted in terms of the frequency spectrum of vacuum fluctuations. In the limit of a perfectly conducting sphere, there are cancellations between different parts of the spectrum which no longer occur as completely in the case of a sphere with frequency dependent polarizability. Estimates of the magnitude of the oscillatory component of the force suggest that it may be large enough to be observable.

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