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arXiv 0909.2998quant-ph
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非均匀介质中的Casimir应力

Casimir stress in an inhomogeneous medium

T. G. Philbin, C. Xiong, U. Leonhardt

摘要:

利用Lifshitz电磁真空能量理论研究了非均匀介质中的Casimir效应。选择一个连续依赖于一个笛卡尔坐标的介电常数函数,在每一侧由齐次介电常数约束。Casimir应力的结果在非均匀区域内的任何地方都是无穷大的,这种发散对于具有平面边界的分段均匀边界是不会发生的。可以从无限大应力中提取出单位体积的Casimir力,但它在非均匀介质和均匀介质之间的边界上发散。另一种正规化的真空应力被认为是删除在小距离的不均匀性的贡献,其中宏观电磁是无效的。交替正则化在非均匀区域内产生有限的Casimir应力,但在均匀区域的边界上,每单位体积的应力和力发散。因此,平面边界的非均匀散射的情况超出了目前对卡西米尔效应的理解。

英文摘要:

The Casimir effect in an inhomogeneous dielectric is investigated using Lifshitz's theory of electromagnetic vacuum energy. A permittivity function that depends continuously on one Cartesian coordinate is chosen, bounded on each side by homogeneous dielectrics. The result for the Casimir stress is infinite everywhere inside the inhomogeneous region, a divergence that does not occur for piece-wise homogeneous dielectrics with planar boundaries. A Casimir force per unit volume can be extracted from the infinite stress but it diverges on the boundaries between the inhomogeneous medium and the homogeneous dielectrics. An alternative regularization of the vacuum stress is considered that removes the contribution of the inhomogeneity over small distances, where macroscopic electromagnetism is invalid. The alternative regularization yields a finite Casimir stress inside the inhomogeneous region, but the stress and force per unit volume diverge on the boundaries with the homogeneous dielectrics. The case of inhomogeneous dielectrics with planar boundaries thus falls outside the current understanding of the Casimir effect.

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