Implementation of a Quantum Algorithm to Solve Deutsch's Problem on a Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Quantum Computer
J. A. Jones, M. Mosca
备注:
16 pages including 6 figures. Minor clarifications as requested by the referee plus updated references. Journal of Chemical Physics, in press (expected publication date August 1st 1998)
We demonstrate the use of an NMR quantum computer based on the pyrimidine base cytosine, and the implementation of a quantum algorithm to solve Deutsch's problem.
The performance of quantum computers today can be studied by analyzing the effect of errors in the result of simple quantum algorithms. The modeling and characterization of these errors is relevant to correct them, for example, with quantum correcting codes. In this article we characterize the error of the five qubits quantum computer ibmqx4 (IBM Q), using a Deutsch algorithm and modeling the error by Generalized Amplitude Damping (GAD) and a unitary misalignment operation. Keywords: Quantum Deutsch's algorithm, Quantum error models, IBM Quantum Experience
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Using the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm, we will develop a method for solving a class of problems in which we need to determine parts of an array and then apply a specified function to each independent part. Since present quantum computers are not robust enough for code writing and execution, we will build a model of a vector quantum computer that implements the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm from a machine language view using the APL2 programming language. The core of the method is an operator (DJBOX) which allows evaluation of an arbitrary function f by the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm. Two key functions of t…
Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) has been widely used as a demonstrative medium for showcasing the ability for quantum computations to outperform classical ones. A large number of such experiments performed have been implementations of the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm. It is known, however, that in some cases the Deutsch-Jozsa problem can be solved classically using as many queries to the black-box as in the quantum solution. In this paper we describe experiments in which we take the contrasting approach of using NMR as a classical computing medium, treating the nuclear spin vectors classically and…
Deutsch's algorithm is the simplest quantum algorithm which shows the acceleration of quantum computer. In this paper, we theoretically advance a scheme to implement quantum Deutsch's algorithm in spin-orbital angular momentum space. Our scheme exploits a newly developed optical device called "q-plate", which can couple and manipulate the spin-orbital angular momentum simultaneously. This experimental setup is of high stability and efficiency theoretically for there is no interferometer in it.
A long-standing aim of quantum information research is to understand what gives quantum computers their advantage. This requires separating problems that need genuinely quantum resources from those for which classical resources are enough. Two examples of quantum speed-up are the Deutsch-Jozsa and Simon's problem, both efficiently solvable on a quantum Turing machine, and both believed to lack efficient classical solutions. Here we present a framework that can simulate both quantum algorithms efficiently, solving the Deutsch-Jozsa problem with probability 1 using only one oracle query, and Sim…
It is presently shown that the Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm is connected to the concept of bent function. Particularly, it is noticeable that the quantum circuit used to denote the well known quantum algorithm is by itself the quantum computer which performs the Walsh transform of a Boolean function. Consequently, the output from Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm, when the hidden function is bent, corresponds to a flat spectrum of quantum states.
Design of a large-scale quantum computer has paramount importance for science and technologies. We investigate a scheme for realization of quantum algorithms using noncomposite quantum systems, i.e., systems without subsystems. In this framework, $n$ artificially allocated "subsystems" play a role of qubits in $n$-qubits quantum algorithms. With focus on two-qubit quantum algorithms, we demonstrate a realization of the universal set of gates using a $d=5$ single qudit state. Manipulation for an ancillary level in the systems allows effective implementation of operators from ${\rm U}(4)$ group …
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We present a novel use case for quantum computation: the sensitivity analysis for a risk model used at Deutsche Börse Group. Such an analysis is computationally too expensive to perform on classical computers. We show in detail how the risk model and its analysis can be implemented as a quantum circuit. We test small scale versions of the model in simulation and find that the expected quadratic speedup compared to the classical implementation used at Deutsche Börse Group can be realized. Full scale production usage would be possible with less than 200 error corrected qubits. Our quantum algori…
We study a simple-harmonic-oscillator quantum computer solving oracle decision problems. We show that such computers can perform better by using nonorthogonal Gaussian wave functions rather than orthogonal top-hat wave functions as input to the information encoding process. Using the Deutsch-Jozsa problem as an example, we demonstrate that Gaussian modulation with optimized width parameter results in a lower error rate than for the top-hat encoding. We conclude that Gaussian modulation can allow for an improved trade-off between encoding, processing and measurement of the information.
In May 2016 IBM released access to its 5-qubit quantum computer to the scientific community, its "IBM Quantum Experience" since acquiring over 25,000 users from students, educators and researchers around the globe. In the short time since the "IBM Quantum Experience" became available, a flurry of research results on 5-qubit systems have been published derived from the platform hardware. Quintuple is an open-source object-oriented Python module implementing the simulation of the "IBM Quantum Experience" hardware. Quintuple quantum algorithms can be programmed and run via a custom language fully…
The use of superposition of states in quantum computation, known as quantum parallelism, has significant advantage in terms of speed over the classical computation. It can be understood from the early invented quantum algorithms such as Deutsch's algorithm, Deutsch-Jozsa algorithm and its variation as Bernstein-Vazirani algorithm, Simon algorithm, Shor's algorithms etc. Quantum parallelism also significantly speeds up the database search algorithm, which is important in computer science because it comes as a subroutine in many important algorithms. Quantum database search of Grover achieves th…
One-way quantum computing is a promising candidate for fault-tolerant quantum computing. Here, we propose new protocols to realize a deterministic one-way CNOT gate and one-way $X$-rotations on quantum-computing platforms. By applying a delayed-choice scheme, we overcome a limit of most currently available quantum computers, which are unable to implement further operations on measured qubits or operations conditioned on measurement results from other qubits. Moreover, we decrease the error rate of the one-way logic gates, compared to the original protocol using local operations and classical c…
Quantum computers, besides offering substantial computational speedups, are also expected to provide the possibility of preserving the privacy of a computation. Here we show the first such experimental demonstration of blind quantum computation where the input, computation, and output all remain unknown to the computer. We exploit the conceptual framework of measurement-based quantum computation that enables a client to delegate a computation to a quantum server. We demonstrate various blind delegated computations, including one- and two-qubit gates and the Deutsch and Grover algorithms. Remar…
Quantum computers can solve certain problems more efficiently than any possible conventional computer. Small quantum algorithms have been demonstrated on multiple quantum computing platforms, many specifically tailored in hardware to implement a particular algorithm or execute a limited number of computational paths. Here, we demonstrate a five-qubit trapped-ion quantum computer that can be programmed in software to implement arbitrary quantum algorithms by executing any sequence of universal quantum logic gates. We compile algorithms into a fully-connected set of gate operations that are nati…
By removing a $^{12}C$ atom from the tetrahedral configuration of the diamond, replace it by a $^{13}C$ atom, and repeating this in a linear direction, it is possible to have a linear chain of nuclear spins one half and to build a solid state quantum computer. One qubit rotation and controlled-not (CNOT) quantum gates are obtained immediately from this configuration, and CNOT quantum gate is used to determined the design parameters of this quantum computer.
We discuss how to simulate simple quantum logic operations with a large number of qubits. These simulations are needed for experimental testing of scalable solid-state quantum computers. Quantum logic for remote qubits is simulated in a spin chain. Analytical estimates are presented for possible correlated errors caused by non-resonant transitions. A range of parameters is given in which non-resonant effects can be minimized.