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arXiv quant-ph/0611002quant-phmath-phmath.MP
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Escherichia分布酉:论酉设计的结构

Evenly distributed unitaries: on the structure of unitary designs

D. Gross, K. Audenaert, J. Eisert

摘要:

我们阐明了酉$t$ -设计的数学结构。这些是酉矩阵的集合,在设计上的任何$t$阶多项式的平均值等于整个酉群的平均值的意义上均匀分布。我们提出了一个简单的必要和充分的标准来决定一组矩阵是否构成一个设计。导出了2-设计的元素个数的下界。我们展示了如何把相互无偏的基地近似2-设计的基数是最佳的领导秩序。讨论了高阶设计,并给出了一个酉5-设计的例子。我们评论之间的关系酉和球形设计和大纲的方法找到设计数字或搜索字符表的有限群。此外,我们勾勒连接到线性光学和典型的纠缠问题的问题。

英文摘要:

We clarify the mathematical structure underlying unitary $t$-designs. These are sets of unitary matrices, evenly distributed in the sense that the average of any $t$-th order polynomial over the design equals the average over the entire unitary group. We present a simple necessary and sufficient criterion for deciding if a set of matrices constitutes a design. Lower bounds for the number of elements of 2-designs are derived. We show how to turn mutually unbiased bases into approximate 2-designs whose cardinality is optimal in leading order. Designs of higher order are discussed and an example of a unitary 5-design is presented. We comment on the relation between unitary and spherical designs and outline methods for finding designs numerically or by searching character tables of finite groups. Further, we sketch connections to problems in linear optics and questions regarding typical entanglement.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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