量子力学测量的双观测器信息交换理论

物理观察者与量子重构

Physical Observers and Quantum Reconstructions

针对量子力学缺乏基础原理的问题，基于“物理嵌入观察者选择可最大程度接近物理极限的信息处理策略”的原理，为关系量子力学“观察者仅保留被观测系统预测信息”的核心前提提供了依据。

量子力学观测器：相空间方法

Quantum mechanical observers: a phase space approach

一个量子力学观测者可以被描述为具有一个参考系，它是经典惯性参考系的叠加。本文提出了一种可能的加权函数，在这样的叠加，由观察者的波函数和傅立叶变换的波函数在相空间中的每一个点的产品。提出这一建议是因为这些因素中的每一个都可以简单地解释为概率密度振幅。加权函数的其它形式也是可能的。

玻尔-海森堡实在与无系统量子力学

Bohr-Heisenberg Reality and System-Free Quantum Mechanics

受海森堡关于电子轨道在被观测到之前不存在的论断的启发，我们提出了一种新的量子力学方法，该方法消除了观测者无关系统的概念.相反，重点只放在观察者和仪器上，前者用实验室状态来描述后者。这些是依赖于时间的海森堡网上的量子态，海森堡网是量子比特的量子寄存器，代表观察者可以访问的信息网关。我们讨论了这种方法的动机，并制定了基本原则和数学符号。

Heisenberg-Picture量子力学的Everett解释中的定域性

Locality in the Everett Interpretation of Heisenberg-Picture Quantum Mechanics

贝尔定理主要依赖于反事实推理，并被错误地解释为排除了对空间分离的量子系统的测量结果之间可以观察到的相关性的局部解释。但事实上，在海森堡图景中，量子力学的埃弗雷特解释为这种关联提供了另一种局部解释。测量型相互作用并不导致许多世界，而是导致许多实验系统的本地副本和测量其属性的观察者。由测量相互作用引起的对应于这些系统和观察者的性质的海森堡图像算子的变换，“标记”每个副本并提供机制，例如，确保EPRB或GHZM实验中一个观察者的每个副本只与其他观察者的“正确”副本相互作用。非定域性的概念性问题因此被一个扩散标签的概念性问题所取代，因为相关系统和观察者与新遇到的物体和仪器进行测量型相互作用;有人建议，这个问题可以通过考虑量子场论而不是粒子的量子力学来解决。

客观经典性的涌现：对幺正量子力学中观察者诱导退相干的计算第一性原理研究

The Emergence of Objective Classicality: A Computational First-Principles Study of Observer-Induced Decoherence in Unitary Quantum Mechanics

本研究引入计算框架模拟包含量子系统、退相干环境和物理观察者的完全幺正宇宙，严格禁止坍缩公理，结果证明客观经典性可从幺正动力学中涌现，为解决量子测量问题提供了计算途径。

关于有限质量观测者的量子力学

On the quantum mechanics of finite-mass observers

本文提出了一种基于有限质量观测者的量子力学新框架，通过引入观测者等价性和不可访问性原理，构建了相对化的量子力学模型，并提出了可检验的实验特征。

On The Peierls Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics

The brief works of Peierls on the role of the observer in quantum mechanics are examined, interpreted and expanded to widen accessibility and understanding of these works. The approach followed here is very much in the spirit adopted by Peierls who eschewed a `rigorous axiomatic' and aimed at using `logic at the level of the working physicist'. The fundamental tenet of his work is that the wavefunction or density matrix represents the knowledge of an observer and that two observers of the same system may well have different knowledge and will use different density matrices to describe it. Esse…

经典运动

Classical Motion

精确给定的规则允许意识系统包含在量子力学系统中。这些规则来自于观察者的经验，他目睹了导致单个粒子捕获的量子力学相互作用。在本文中，它表明，纯粹的经典变化所经历的观察者是符合这些规则。三种不同的相互作用被认为是，其中两个结合经典和量子力学的变化。前面给出的规则支持所有这些情况。关键词：大脑状态，有意识的观察者，检测器，测量，概率流，状态归约，冯·诺依曼，波塌缩。

Bohmian Mechanics

Bohmian mechanics, also known as pilot-wave theory or de Broglie-Bohm theory, is a formulation of quantum mechanics whose fundamental axioms are not about what observers will see if they perform an experiment but about what happens in reality. It is therefore called a "quantum theory without observers," alongside with collapse theories and many-worlds theories and in contrast to orthodox quantum mechanics. It follows from these axioms that in a universe governed by Bohmian mechanics, observers will see outcomes with exactly the probabilities specified by the usual rules of quantum mechanics fo…

被观测观察者的量子力学规则与量子理论的一致性

Quantum mechanical rules for observed observers and the consistency of quantum theory

本文指出经受“猫”测量的观察者无法可靠预测后续实验，Born 规则也不再适用，借此化解 Frauchiger–Renner 悖论并使量子理论自洽。

Quantum Mechanics from Relational Properties, Part II: Measurement and EPR

Quantum measurement and quantum operation theory is developed here by taking the relational properties among quantum systems, instead of the independent properties of a quantum system, as the most fundamental elements. By studying how the relational probability amplitude matrix is transformed and how mutual information is exchanged during measurement, we derive the formulation that is mathematically equivalent to the traditional quantum measurement theory. More importantly, the formulation results in significant conceptual consequences. We show that for a given quantum system, it is possible t…

Comment on "Quantum mechanics for non-inertial observers"

In a recent paper (arXiv:1701.04298 [quant-ph]) Toroš, Großardt and Bassi claim that the potential necessary to support a composite particle in a gravitational field must necessarily cancel the relativistic coupling between internal and external degrees of freedom. As such a coupling is responsible for the gravitational redshift measured in numerous experiments, the above statement is clearly incorrect. We identify the simple mistake in the paper responsible for the incorrect claim.

The Consistency of Quantum Mechanics Implies its Non-Determinism

In a previous paper (arXiv:1008.3661v1[quant-ph] 21 Aug 2010), we have given a purely logical proof of the Conway and Kochen Free Will theorem in QM: the freedom of the observer implies the freedom of the observed particle. Here we show that the hypothesis of the observer's freedom is not necessary: the assumption of the (informal) consistency (non contradiction) of QM implies its non-determinism relative to physical events (the freedom of observed particles).

绝对自由能拯救量子力学吗？

Can absolute freedom save quantum mechanics?

讨论了一个违反贝尔不等式的经典系统.系统是局部的、确定性的，观察者有自由意志，检测器是理想的，所以没有数据丢失。这个技巧基于两个要素。首先，一个观察者的状态局部地受到一个“粒子”的影响。第二，实验中使用的随机变量是互补的。这种影响的非局部性的关系进行了讨论。

Epistemic Restrictions in Hilbert Space Quantum Mechanics

A resolution of the quantum measurement problem(s) using the consistent histories interpretation yields in a rather natural way a restriction on what an observer can know about a quantum system, one that is also consistent with some results in quantum information theory. This analysis provides a quantum mechanical understanding of some recent work that shows that certain kinds of quantum behavior are exhibited by a fully classical model if by hypothesis an observer's knowledge of its state is appropriately limited.

Quantum observer and Kolmogorov complexity: a model that can be tested

Different observers do not have to agree on how they identify a quantum system. We explore a condition based on algorithmic complexity that allows a system to be described as an objective "element of reality". We also suggest an experimental test of the hypothesis that any system, even much smaller than a human being, can be a quantum mechanical observer.

量子力学中的信息本质

The Nature of Information in Quantum Mechanics

在 *-代数环境中，量子力学和经典力学的一个合适的统一统计公式使我们得出结论，在量子力学中，信息本身是非交换的。具体地说，我们在这里指的是观察者关于物理系统的信息。这被视为与经典力学的主要区别，在经典力学中，观察者关于物理系统的信息服从经典概率论。然后，量子力学被看作是一个纯粹的数学框架的概率描述的非交换信息，与投影公设是一个非交换推广的条件概率。这个观点澄清了许多围绕着量子力学解释的问题，特别是与测量过程有关的问题。

Non-Inertial Frames in Minkowski Space-Time, Accelerated either Mathematical or Dynamical Observers and Comments on Non-Inertial Relativistic Quantum Mechanics

After a review of the existing theory of non-inertial frames and mathematical observers in Minkowski space-time we give the explicit expression of a family of such frames obtained from the inertial ones by means of point-dependent Lorentz transformations as suggested by the locality principle. These non-inertial frames have non-Euclidean 3-spaces and contain the differentially rotating ones in Euclidean 3-spaces as a subcase. Then we discuss how to replace mathematical accelerated observers with dynamical ones (their world-lines belong to interacting particles in an isolated system) and of how…

The interpretation of quantum mechanics and of probability: Identical role of the 'observer'

The aim of the article is to argue that the interpretations of quantum mechanics and of probability are much closer than usually thought. Indeed, a detailed analysis of the concept of probability (within the standard frequency theory of R. von Mises) reveals that the latter concept always refers to an observing system. The enigmatic role of the observer in the Copenhagen interpretation therefore derives from a precise understanding of probability. Besides explaining several elements of the Copenhagen interpretation, our model also allows to reinterpret recent results from 'relational quantum m…

观察者议会——反对量子力学的可观测量公理

The parliament of observers - Against the observable axiom of quantum mechanics

本文挑战量子力学中可观测量与自伴算子对应的基本公理，指出其作为所有可观测量的形式化不充分，并质疑有界算子非交换代数作为“可观测量代数”的合理性。

纠缠交换与玻姆力学

Entanglement Exchange and Bohmian Mechanics

本文分析了量子力学玻姆导频解释中的纠缠交换现象。这种现象的有趣特征是，系统在没有因果相互作用的情况下变得纠缠;因此，它是研究玻姆力学中相互作用的独特性质的有用情况。前两节分别介绍了量子力学标准解释中的纠缠交换和玻姆力学的基本原理。下一节表明，玻姆解释对纠缠交换做出了与标准解释相同的实验预测。最后一节对玻姆力学中的相互作用和纠缠作了一些总结。

超光速观测者不能解释量子叠加

Superluminal observers do not explain quantum superpositions

本文反驳了超光速观测者能解释量子叠加的观点，指出广义洛伦兹变换在一致使用下无法建立经典确定路径与量子多重路径的对应关系。

在类闵可夫斯基空间中事件宇宙系综的 MWI 形式与玻姆力学的统一

Unification of the MWI formalism and Bohmian mechanics for the ensembles of event universes in Minkowski-like space

本文基于 DHT 理论，通过 p-adic 树表示观察者事件并引入统计性类 Minkowski 空间结构，在背景独立的动态观察者宇宙模型中统一了关系量子力学、玻姆力学与多世界诠释。

A minimalist's view of quantum mechanics

We analyse a proposition which considers quantum theory as a mere tool for calculating probabilities for sequences of outcomes of observations made by an Observer, who him/herself remains outside the scope of the theory. Predictions are possible, provided a sequence includes at least two such observations. Complex valued probability amplitudes, each defined for an entire sequence of outcomes, are attributed to Observer's reasoning, and the problem of wave function's collapse is dismissed as a purely semantic one. Our examples include quantum "weak values", and a simplified version of the "dela…

Second-second moments and two observers testing quantum nonlocality

We show that rejection of local realism in quantum mechanics can be tested by Bell-type inequalities for two observers and low-order moments of continuous and unbounded observables. We prove that one requires three observables for each observer for a maximally entangled state and two observables for a non-maximally entangled state and write down appropriate inequalities and show violation by quantum examples. Finding an example for quadratures or position and momentum is left as an open problem.

关系型量子力学的相对事实与量子力学不相容

Relative Facts of Relational Quantum Mechanics are Incompatible with Quantum Mechanics

本文指出关系型量子力学（RQM）中无退相干的相对事实与量子理论不相容，通过推导类似GHZ的矛盾证明RQM不满足Born规则，因此不应被视为量子理论的诠释。

Observer Dependence in Consistent Histories and General Relativity

Observer dependence is central to Quantum Mechanics; in particular if we associate consistent sets with observer worldviews we can think of the Consistent Histories (CH) interpretation as a formalisation of observer dependence. However we lack a theory of the observers themselves. In this paper we begin by building such a theory within General Relativity (GR), and find that this framework bears close mathematical resemblance to the treatment of consistent sets in CH. We therefore adapt the CHSH framework to identify the `gap' between the classical and quantum theories. We find that the CHSH ar…

Conformal quantum mechanics of causal diamonds

It is shown that a general radial conformal Killing vector in Minkowski space-time can be associated to a generator of time evolution in conformal quantum mechanics. Among these conformal Killing vectors one finds a class which maps causal diamonds in Minkowski space-time into themselves. The flow of such Killing vectors describes worldlines of accelerated observers with a finite lifetime within the causal diamond. Time evolution of static diamond observers is equivalent to time evolution in conformal quantum mechanics governed by a hyperbolic Hamiltonian and covering only a segment of the tim…

环面上的量子力学对偶

Quantum-Mechanical Dualities on the Torus

在只允许一个复可微结构的经典相空间上，在从给定真空中创造量子的创造算符的选择上没有不确定性。在这些情况下，量子的概念是普遍的，即，在经典相空间上与观测器无关。在量子力学的所有标准应用中都是如此。然而，最近的发展表明，量子的概念可能不是普遍的。对于基本量子概念不一致的观察者之间的变换称为对偶。经典相空间允许一个以上的复微分结构，从而提供了一个自然的框架，研究对偶量子力学。作为一个例子，我们量子化了一个相空间为环面的经典力学，并明确地证明了它具有对偶性。

那么量子理论呢？贝叶斯和玻恩解释

What About Quantum Theory? Bayes and the Born Interpretation

我证明了量子力学中的概率是对人类无知存在的信念的度量，就像所有其他概率一样。玻恩对波函数模的平方的解释来自于量子系统与观察者的相互作用，除非观察者无法获得系统波函数中所有可用的信息，否则概率不会出现。量子力学一般不允许获得所有的信息，即使在原则上，就像在相对论中不能获得来自过去光锥之外的信息一样。但概率并不意味着非决定论。相反，量子力学比经典力学更具决定性。

客观与观察者测量

Objective vs Observer Measurements

暴胀后的边界条件对于我们高度结构化的宇宙的存在是必不可少的，而这些边界条件只能通过量子力学态约化来实现--即，通过测量。选择是：一个“客观”的测量，允许还原发生独立的有意识的观察者，和一个“观察者”的测量，减少一个有意识的观察者的存在。本文表明，这种选择不能由经验决定，因此我们最终如何理解状态归约将取决于在更广泛的（未来的）理论框架中使用归约的方式。关键词：意识，退相干，随机选择，波塌缩。

非相对论性量子力学的纤维丛表述。0.初步考虑：从几何观察者的观点看量子力学

Fibre bundle formulation of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. 0. Preliminary considerations: Quantum mechanics from a geometric-observer's viewpoint

我们提出了一个版本的非相对论性量子力学，其中量子系统的纯态被描述为一个希尔伯特（通常是无限维）纤维丛的时空部分。在那里，进化是通过（一种）在这个束中的平行传输来控制的。讨论了有关观测量的一些问题。导出了状态截面和观测量的运动方程。我们表明，直到一个常数的演化算子（运输）的系数矩阵与所研究的量子系统的哈密顿矩阵相一致。

关系量子力学

Relational Quantum Mechanics

我认为，把量子力学作为自然的基本描述（“测量问题”）所引起的普遍不安，可能源于使用了一个不正确的概念，就像对爱因斯坦之前的洛伦兹变换的不安，源于时间与时间无关的概念一样。我认为，这个错误的概念是系统的独立于其他变量的状态（或物理量的独立于其他变量的值）的概念。我把“量子力学的解释“问题重新表述为从几个简单的物理假设导出形式主义的问题。我考虑用信息论来重新表述量子力学。所有的系统都被假定为等价的，没有任何观察到的区别，理论只描述了系统之间关于彼此的信息;然而，理论是完整的。

量子力学是普适的吗？EWF实验与事件的非绝对性

Non-Absoluteness, Tracking, and Intersubjectivity in Perspectival Interpretations of Quantum Mechanics: A Conceptual and Formal Analysis

通过分析扩展Wigner型实验，揭示了量子力学普适性、事件绝对性与物理实在结构之间的根本张力，并论证了Convivial Solipsism为事件非绝对性提供了连贯且充分阐述的框架。

Reply to Comment on "Quantum mechanics for non-inertial observers"

Our recent paper (arXiv:1701.04298 [quant-ph]) discussed the occurrence of a coupling of centre of mass and internal degrees of freedom for complex quantum systems in non-inertial frames. There, we pointed out that an external force supporting the system against gravity plays a crucial role for the coupling between center of mass position to the internal degrees of freedom. In a comment (arXiv:1702.06670 [quant-ph]) to our paper, Pikovski et al. question our conclusion and present the argument that the lack of the coupling term would be in contradiction with the observation of gravitational ti…

Quantum dynamics of two-optical modes and a single mechanical mode optomechanical system: selective energy exchange

We study the quantum dynamics of an optomechanical setup comprising two optical modes and one mechanical mode. We show that the same system can undergo a Dicke-Hepp-Lieb superradiant type phase transition. We found that the coupling between the momentum quadratures of the two optical fields give rise to a new critical point. We show that selective energy exchange between any two modes is possible by coherent control of the coupling parameters. In addition we also demonstrate the occurrence of Normal Mode Splitting (NMS) in the mechanical displacement spectrum.

埃弗雷特量子力学解释中的概率问题

Problems with Probability in Everett's Interpretation of Quantum Mechanics

在埃弗雷特和其他人的多世界解释（MWI）中，如果我是观察者，有几个版本的我，但没有一个版本被挑出来作为与我的感知相对应的版本。然而，可以证明，概率定律意味着必须挑出一个版本。因此，MWI不能为概率提供充分的依据。如果我们要对物理宇宙有一个可接受的描述，MWI必须辅以某种机制，如隐变量或坍缩，将观察者的一个版本挑出来作为感知版本。

The role of the observer in the Everett interpretation

The role attributed to the observer in various interpretations of quantum mechanics as well as in classical statistical mechanics is discussed, with particular attention being paid to the Everett interpretation. In this context, the important difference between "quasi-classical" (robust against decoherence) and "macroscopically given" (rather than being part of a thermodynamic ensemble) is pointed out.

科学家如何建立独立于观察者的科学？具身认知、意识与量子力学

How can scientists establish an observer-independent science? Embodied cognition, consciousness and quantum mechanics

本文基于具身认知理论探讨科学家如何跳出行动-感知循环以建立独立于观察者的科学，提出受心智哲学和量子物理学启发的猜想，认为具身性可表现虚时量子动力学，并强调观察者兼具客体与主体的互补角色。

Information is Physical: Cross-Perspective Links in Relational Quantum Mechanics

Relational quantum mechanics (RQM) is an interpretation of quantum mechanics based on the idea that quantum states describe not an absolute property of a system but rather a relationship between systems. In this article, we observe that there is a tension between RQM's naturalistic emphasis on the physicality of information and the inaccessibility of certain sorts of information in current formulations of RQM. Therefore we propose a new postulate for RQM which requires that all of the information possessed by a certain observer is stored in physical variables of that observer and thus accessib…

Quantum mechanics for non-inertial observers

A recent analysis by Pikovski et al. [Nat. Phys. 11, 668 (2015)] has triggered interest in the question of how to include relativistic corrections in the quantum dynamics governing many-particle systems in a gravitational field. Here we show how the center-of-mass motion of a quantum system subject to gravity can be derived more rigorously, addressing the ambiguous definition of relativistic center-of-mass coordinates. We further demonstrate that, contrary to the prediction by Pikovski et al., external forces play a crucial role in the relativistic coupling of internal and external degrees of …

Modified Relational Quantum Mechanics

A modified version of relational quantum mechanics is developed based on the three following ideas. An observer can develop an internally consistent description of the universe but it will, of necessity, differ in particulars from the description developed by any other observer. The state vector is epistomological and relative to a given quantum system as in the original relational quantum mechanics. If two quantum systems are entangled, they will observe themselves to be in just one of the many states in the Schmidt biorthonormal decomposition and not in a linear combination of many.

量子非定域性存在吗？贝尔定理与多世界解释

Does Quantum Nonlocality Exist? Bell's Theorem and the Many-Worlds Interpretation

量子非定域性可能是假设观察者服从经典力学定律，而被观察系统服从量子力学的假象。我表明，至少在贝尔定理的情况下，如果观察者和观察者都假设服从量子力学，如在多世界解释，局域性恢复。使用MWI，我将表明，显然是"非本地"的期望值的产品的自旋两个广泛分离的粒子--"量子"的一部分，贝尔定理--实际上是由于一系列的三个纯粹的本地测量。因此，证实“非定域性”的实验实际上也证实了MWI。

从比特到事物：哈特尔-霍金态与德西特观测者的量子力学

"It from Bit": The Hartle-Hawking state and quantum mechanics for de Sitter observers

本文探讨了德西特空间内观测者所经历的量子力学与封闭宇宙一态性质的关系，通过解析婴儿宇宙希尔伯特空间与本体希尔伯特空间的区别，阐明了德西特熵的物理意义。

玻姆力学

Bohmian Mechanics

玻姆力学是关于点粒子沿轨道运动的理论。它具有这样的性质：在一个由玻姆力学支配的世界里，观察者看到的实验结果的统计数据与量子力学预测的相同。因此，玻姆力学提供了对量子力学的解释。此外，Bohmian轨迹是由几个简单的定律以非阴谋论的方式定义的。

理解Bohmian力学：对话

Understanding Bohmian mechanics: A dialogue

本文是对玻姆力学思想的介绍，玻姆力学是对量子力学的一种解释，其中观察者不起根本作用。玻姆力学描述的不是测量结果的概率，而是客观的微观事件。近年来，玻姆力学越来越受到研究者的关注。对话的形式使我能够解决经常出现的关于Bohmian观点的问题。

量子实验中的观察者

The Observer in the Quantum Experiment

大多数量子力学解释的一个目标是避免观测者明显地干扰测量过程。这种干扰之所以出现，通常是因为观察以某种方式从波函数所代表的许多可能性中选择了一个单一的现实。这个问题通常用量子理论的数学公式来处理。我们试图以理论中立的方式来解决量子测量问题的另一种表现形式。通过一个双缝实验，我们证明了一个谜直接从实验结果中产生。假设没有可观测的物理现象存在超出理论预测，我们认为，没有任何解释的量子理论可以避免测量问题涉及观察者。

相对论量子力学的单粒子解释

A Single Particle Interpretation of Relativistic Quantum Mechanics

1+1维的相对论自由粒子系统被表述为一个“双哈密顿系统”。一个哈密顿量产生普通的时间平移，另一个产生（本质上）助推。任何观察者，无论加速与否，都把演化看作是一个正则变换的连续展开，这个正则变换可以用两个哈密顿算符来描述。当系统被量子化时，两个哈密顿算符都成为标准正定内积的厄米算符。因此，每个观察者都把波函数的演化看作标准正定内积中幺正变换的连续展开。结果似乎是相对论性量子力学的一致的单粒子解释。这种解释的特点是波函数依赖于观测者，观测量具有非定域性，类似于人们在量子引力中所期望的。

反对客观衡量的理由

The Case Against Objective Measurement

我们考虑两个简单的规则，在一个单一的量子力学事件的随机选择。他们被证明会导致荒谬的结果，如果一个客观的状态减少被允许竞争的观察员状态减少。由于后一种崩溃是经验上可证实的，前一种崩溃的存在就成了问题。关键词：玻恩解释，大脑状态，连续观察，有意识的观察者，客观测量，观察者测量，概率流，状态还原，波塌缩。

Delayed choice experiments and causality in quantum mechanics

Although it may seem The Delayed Choice experiments contradict causality and one could construct an experiment which could possibly affect the past, using Many World interpretation we prove it is not possible. We also find a mathematical background to Which-path information and show why its obtainability prevents system from interfering. We find a system which exhibit both interference and correlation and show why one-particle interference and correlations are complementary. Better visible interference pattern leads to worse correlations and vice versa. Then, using knowledge gained from Quantu…

量子力学解释的坍缩挑战

Collapse challenge for interpretations of quantum mechanics

解释量子力学的坍缩挑战是，根据第一原理和你喜欢的解释，为所描述的实验（涉及一个光子和两个屏幕）建立一个完整的、无干扰的量子模型，以及一个完整解释实验结果的形式分析。详细解释了这一挑战，并根据哥本哈根解释和退相干设置进行了讨论。

基于典型性原理的量子力学框架中威金斯朋友的分析

An analysis of Wigner's friend in the framework of quantum mechanics based on the principle of typicality

本文基于典型性原理，扩展了量子力学框架，用于分析威金斯朋友悖论以及德秋斯思想实验，提出了可测试的预测。

Pole placement design for quantum systems via coherent observers

We previously extended Luenberger's approach for observer design to the quantum case, and developed a class of coherent observers which tracks linear quantum stochastic systems in the sense of mean values. In light of the fact that the Luenberger observer is commonly and successfully applied in classical control, it is interesting to investigate the role of coherent observers in quantum feedback. As the first step in exploring observer-based coherent control, in this paper we study pole-placement techniques for quantum systems using coherent observers, and in such a fashion, poles of a closed-…

量子力学的辅助nRules

Auxiliary nRules of Quantum Mechanics

标准量子力学使用了四个辅助规则，使薛定谔解与实验室经验相关，例如将平方模与概率联系起来的玻恩规则。这些规则（这里称为sRules）会导致一些不可接受的结果。它们不允许主要观察者成为系统的一部分。它们不允许单独的观测（与集合相对）成为系统的一部分。它们在微观和宏观事物之间做出了根本性的区分，并且它们在对次要观察者（如薛定谔猫）的描述中是模棱两可的。在本文中，我们期待在广泛的代表性的实验表明，nRules充分相关的薛定谔解决方案的经验。这意味着sRules应该被抛弃，取而代之的是更令人满意的nRules，或者称为oRules的第三个辅助规则集。关键词：大脑状态，意识，退相干，认识论，测量，本体论，随机，状态还原，波塌缩。