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arXiv quant-ph/0205109quant-ph
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单光子水平条件相位开关

A conditional-phase switch at the single-photon level

K. J. Resch, J. S. Lundeen, A. M. Steinberg

摘要:

我们提出了一个实验实现的双光子条件相位开关,涉及到量子计算的"$c$ - $ϕ$"门。这种门依赖于光子对之间的量子干涉,通过自发参量下转换(SPDC)过程在两个光学模式之间产生纠缠。干涉效应的作用是将有效非线性增强许多数量级,因此它在量子(单光子)水平上是重要的。通过调节SPDC的经典泵浦和输入模式对之间的相对光学相位,可以在一个光束上施加大的相移,该相移取决于控制模式中单个光子的存在或不存在。

英文摘要:

We present an experimental realization of a two-photon conditional-phase switch, related to the ``$c$-$ϕ$'' gate of quantum computation. This gate relies on quantum interference between photon pairs, generating entanglement between two optical modes through the process of spontaneous parametric down-conversion (SPDC). The interference effect serves to enhance the effective nonlinearity by many orders of magnitude, so it is significant at the quantum (single-photon) level. By adjusting the relative optical phase between the classical pump for SPDC and the pair of input modes, one can impress a large phase shift on one beam which depends on the presence or absence of a single photon in a control mode.

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