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arXiv quant-ph/0003074quant-ph
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关于经典力学和量子力学中连续物理量的性质

On the nature of continuous physical quantities in classical and quantum mechanics

Hans Halvorson

摘要:

在传统的量子力学的希尔伯特空间形式主义中,不可能将粒子描述为同时具有尖锐的位置值和尖锐的动量值。但是,有没有可能把一个粒子描述成只拥有一个尖锐的位置值(或者只是一个尖锐的动量值)?有些人,如泰勒(《哲学杂志》,1979),认为这个问题的答案是否定的--在量子力学中,单个连续量的地位与在经典力学中有很大不同。相反,我将证明,在经典力学和量子力学中,连续量也会出现同样微妙的问题;而且,毕竟,在不改变量子力学的标准形式的情况下,可以把一个粒子描述为具有一个尖锐的位置值。

英文摘要:

Within the traditional Hilbert space formalism of quantum mechanics, it is not possible to describe a particle as possessing, simultaneously, a sharp position value and a sharp momentum value. Is it possible, though, to describe a particle as possessing just a sharp position value (or just a sharp momentum value)? Some, such as Teller (Journal of Philosophy, 1979), have thought that the answer to this question is No -- that the status of individual continuous quantities is very different in quantum mechanics than in classical mechanics. On the contrary, I shall show that the same subtle issues arise with respect to continuous quantities in classical and quantum mechanics; and that it is, after all, possible to describe a particle as possessing a sharp position value without altering the standard formalism of quantum mechanics.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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