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arXiv physics/9809024physics.flu-dyn
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无粘剪切流的一个充要不稳定条件

A necessary and sufficient instability condition for inviscid shear flow

N. J. Balmforth, P. J. Morrison

摘要:

一个多世纪以前,瑞利、开尔文和其他人就考虑过无粘、不可压缩、二维、平面平行剪切流的线性稳定性。关于这个问题的一个主要结果是瑞利著名的拐点定理{R80},它指出,对于不稳定的平衡流,平衡速度剖面必须包含拐点。也就是说,如果速度剖面由$U(y)$给出,其中$y$是横流坐标,那么一定有一个点$y=y_I$,其$U''(y_I)=0$。很久以后,在1950年,Fjørtoft {F50}推广了这个定理,证明了如果有一个拐点,那么不稳定性需要$U'''(y_I)/U'(y_I)<0$(见{Bar}的进一步扩展)。瑞利定理和Fjørtoft后来的推广都是不稳定性的必要条件,但它们并不充分。也就是说,即使平衡剖面可能包含涡量最小值,它也不一定是不稳定的。本文的重点是推导出,对于一个大类的平衡速度剖面,一个条件是必要的和充分的不稳定性。

英文摘要:

The linear stability of inviscid, incompressible, two-dimensional, plane parallel, shear flow was considered over a century ago by Rayleigh, Kelvin, and others. A principal result on the subject is Rayleigh's celebrated inflection point theorem {R80}, which states that for an equilibrium flow to be unstable, the equilibrium velocity profile must contain an inflection point. That is, if the velocity profile is given by $U(y)$, where $y$ is the cross-stream coordinate, then there must be a point, $y=y_I$, for which $U''(y_I)=0$. Much later, in 1950, Fjørtoft {F50} generalized the theorem by showing that, moreover, if there is one inflection point, then $U'''(y_I)/U'(y_I)<0$ is required for instability (see {Bar} for further extensions). Both Rayleigh's Theorem and Fjørtoft's subsequent generalization are necessary conditions for instability, but they are not sufficient. That is, even though an equilibrium profile may contain a vorticity minimum, it is not necessarily unstable. The point of this paper is to derive, for a large class of equilibrium velocity profiles, a condition that is necessary and sufficient for instability.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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