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arXiv 2601.07656physics.flu-dynastro-ph.GA
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近无粘逆折剪切流中扰动的Landau阻尼

Landau damping of disturbances in nearly inviscid inflectional shear flows

Institute of Astronomy, Russian Academy of Sciences(俄罗斯科学院天文研究所);University of Luxembourg(卢森堡大学);Institute of Solar-Terrestrial Physics, Russian Academy of Sciences, Siberian Branch(俄罗斯科学院西伯利亚分院太阳地球物理研究所);Technion Israel Institute of Technology(以色列理工学院)

Evgeny V. Polyachenko, Ilia G. Shukhman, Michael Karp

AI总结:

研究了近无粘逆折剪切流中扰动的Landau阻尼现象,发现小粘性可使扰动转化为真实特征模式,涡旋保持空间形式。

摘要:

我们研究了不稳定平面平行剪切流中衰减的二维扰动结构,该流体具有拐点。在无粘流中,稳定波数区域k内不存在常规特征模式——频率谱ω由一组具有实频率的奇异van Kampen模式组成。然而,总涡旋率在整个流中积分后的初始扰动以指数方式衰减,类似于具有复频率Imω<0(Landau阻尼)的特征模式的行为。然而,涡旋本身并不衰减,而是变得越来越不规则地分布在整个流中。我们证明,考虑任意小的粘性可以将这种指数衰减的扰动转化为一个真正的特征模式,其中涡旋保持其空间形式。我们数值追踪了该模式的涡旋结构转变及其在粘性趋于零时的消失。我们讨论了从无粘流过渡到近无粘流时流体动力学中衰减扰动行为的相似性和差异,以及在等离子体和均匀恒星系统中从无碰撞到非常弱碰撞系统过渡时的相似性与差异。

英文摘要:

We investigate the structure of damped two-dimensional perturbations in unstable plane-parallel shear flows with an inflection point. In inviscid flows within the stable wavenumber region $k$, no regular eigenmodes exist -- the frequency spectrum $ω$ consists of a continuous set of singular van Kampen modes with real frequencies. Nevertheless, initial perturbations of the total vorticity integrated across the flow decay exponentially, resembling the behavior of an eigenmode with complex eigenfrequency ${\rm Im}\,ω<0$ (Landau damping). However, the vorticity itself does not decay but becomes increasingly corrugated across the flow. We demonstrate that accounting for arbitrarily small viscosity transforms this exponentially decaying perturbation into a true eigenmode in which the vorticity preserves its spatial form. We numerically trace the transformation of the vorticity structure of this mode and its disappearance as viscosity approaches zero. We discuss similarities and differences between the behavior of damped perturbations in the transition from inviscid to nearly inviscid flows in hydrodynamics and their behavior in plasma and homogeneous stellar systems during the analogous transition from collisionless to very weakly collisional systems.

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