Tomek Bartoszynski, Saharon Shelah
We show that the following are consistent with ZFC: 1. Strongly meager sets form an ideal with the same additivity as the ideal of meager sets. 2. There exists a strong measure zero set of size > d (dominating number).
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We will show that there is no ZFC example of a set distinguishing between universally null and perfectly meager sets.
A set of reals A is called perfectly meager if A \cap P is meager in P, for every perfect set P. Marczewski asked if the product of perfectly meager sets is perfectly meager. In the paper it is shown that it is consistent that the answer to this question is positive. (It is known that it is also consistent that the answer is negative (Reclaw))
A set X subseteq R is strongly meager if for every measure zero set H, X+H not= R. Let SM denote the collection of strongly meager sets. We show that assuming CH, SM is not an ideal.
We construct several models where there are no strongly meager sets of size continuum. In particular, there are no such sets in the Laver's model.
We study the ideal of meager sets and related ideals.
We show that the set of the ground-model reals has strong measure zero (is strongly meager) after adding a single Cohen real (random real). As consequence we prove that the set of the ground-model reals has strong measure zero after adding a single Hechler real.
We present two constructions of gamma-sets which are large in sense of category.
The paper contains two results pointing to the lack of symmetry between measure and category. Assume CH. There exists a strongly meager subset of the Cantor set that can be mapped onto the Cantor set by a uniformly continuous function. (It is well known that uniformly continuous image of a strongly null set is strongly null). A ZFC version of this result is also given.
We develop a theory of \emph{sharp measure zero} sets that parallels Borel's \emph{strong measure zero}, and prove a theorem analogous to Galvin-Myscielski-Solovay Theorem, namely that a set of reals has sharp measure zero if and only if it is meager-additive. Some consequences: A subset of $2^ω$ is meager-additive if and only if it is $\mathcal E$-additive; if $f:2^ω\to2^ω$ is continuous and $X$ is meager-additive, then so is $f(X)$.
Combinatorics of translations of meager and closed measure zero sets
研究贫集与闭测度零集平移的组合性质，探讨相关Borel猜想，获得贫理想可加性新刻画，并证明若干基数不变量关系。
We show that the Dual Borel Conjecture implies that ${\mathfrak d}> \aleph_1$ and find some topological characterizations of perfectly meager and universally meager sets.
We study a strengthening of the notion of a perfectly meager set. We say that that a subset $A$ of a perfect Polish space $X$ is countably perfectly meager in $X$, if for every sequence of perfect subsets $\{P_n: n \in {\mathbb N}\}$ of $X$, there exists an $F_σ$-set $F$ in $X$ such that $A \subseteq F$ and $F\cap P_n$ is meager in $P_n$ for each $n$. We give various characterizations and examples of countably perfectly meager sets. We prove that not every universally meager set is countably perfectly meager correcting an earlier result of Bartoszyński.
Following Darji, we say that a Borel subset $B$ of an abelian Polish group $G$ is Haar meager if there is a compact metric space $K$ and a continuous function $f : K \to G$ such that the preimage of the translate, $f^{-1}(B+g)$ is meager in $K$ for every $g \in G$. The set $B$ is called strongly Haar meager if there is a compact set $C \subseteq G$ such that $(B+g) \cap C$ is meager in $C$ for every $g \in G$. The main open problem in this area is Darji's question asking whether these two notions are the same. Even though there have been several partial results suggesting a positive answer, in…
We prove that it is relatively consistent with $\mathrm{ZFC}$ that every strong measure zero subset of the real line is meager-additive while there are uncountable strong measure zero sets (i.e., Borel's conjecture fails). This answers a long-standing question due to Bartoszyński and Judah.
We show that a statement concerning the existence of winning strategies of limited memory in an infinite two-person topological game is equivalent to a weak version of the Singular Cardinals Hypothesis.
A separable metric space X is an H-null set if any uniformly continuous image of X has Hausdorff dimension zero. upper H-null, directed P-null and P-null sets are defined likewise, with other fractal dimensions in place of Hausdorff dimension. We investigate these sets and show that in 2^ω they coincide, respectively, with strongly null, meager-additive, T' and null-additive sets. Some consequences: A subset of 2^ω is meager-additive if and only if it is E-additive; if f:2^ω->2^ω is continuous and X is meager-additive, then so is f(X), and likewise for null-additive and T'-sets.
Our main result is that, given a collection $\mathcal{R}$ of meager relations on a Polish space $X$ such that $|\mathcal{R}|\leqω$, there exists a dense Baire subspace $F$ of $X$ (equivalently, a nowhere meager subset $F$ of $X$) such that $F$ is $R$-free for every $R\in\mathcal{R}$. This generalizes a recent result of Banakh and Zdomskyy. As an application, we show that there exists a non-meager independent family on $ω$, and define the corresponding cardinal invariant. Furthermore, assuming Martin's Axiom for countable posets, our result can be strengthened by substituting "$|\mathcal{R}|\le…
We survey results about Haar null subsets of (not necessarily locally compact) Polish groups. The aim of this paper is to collect the fundamental properties of the various possible definitions of Haar null sets, and also to review the techniques that may enable the reader to prove results in this area. We also present several recently introduced ideas, including the notion of Haar meager sets, which are closely analogous to Haar null sets. We prove some results in a more general setting than that of the papers where they were originally proved and prove some results for Haar meager sets which …
Cardinal invariants associated with the combinatorics of the uniformity number of the ideal of meager-additive sets
本文综述了与贫瘠可加集理想均匀数相关的基数不变量 $\mathfrak{b}_b^\mathsf{eq}$ 及其对偶 $\mathfrak{d}_b^\mathsf{eq}$，探讨它们与 Cichoń 图中基数的联系，并提出若干公开问题。
We study the relationship between the sigma-ideal generated by closed measure zero sets and the ideals of null and meager sets. We show that the additivity of the ideal of closed measure zero sets is not bigger than covering for category. As a consequence we get that the additivity of the ideal of closed measure zero sets is equal to the additivity of the ideal of meager sets.
Universally meager sets in the Miller model and similar ones
研究在Miller模型及其他模型中普遍渺小集的大小限制，证明强测度零集的大小至多为ω₁，并探讨相关覆盖性质与空间结构的关系。
We show that if the real line is the disjoint union of kappa meager sets such that every meager set is contained in a countable union of them, then kappa = omega_1. This answers a question addressed by J. Cichon. We also prove two theorems saying roughly that any attempt to produce the isomorphism type of the meager ideal in the Cohen real and the random real extensions must fail. All our results hold for "meager" replaced by "null", as well.
A subset $X$ of a Polish group $G$ is \emph{Haar null} if there exists a Borel probability measure $μ$ and a Borel set $B$ containing $X$ such that $μ(gBh)=0$ for every $g,h \in G$. A set $X$ is \emph{Haar meager} if there exists a compact metric space $K$, a continuous function $f : K \to G$ and a Borel set $B$ containing $X$ such that $f^{-1}(gBh)$ is meager in $K$ for every $g,h \in G$. We calculate (in $ZFC$) the four cardinal invariants ($\rm add$, $\rm cov$, $\rm non$, $\rm cof$) of these two $σ$-ideals for the simplest non-locally compact Polish group, namely in the case $G = \mathbb{Z}…
Countably perfectly meager and countably perfectly null sets
本文通过引入可数完全贫乏集和可数完全零集以强化普遍贫乏集与普遍零集概念，并在连续统假设弱化条件下证明了二者不等价。
We show that some set-theoretic assumptions (for example Martin's Axiom) imply that there is no translation invariant Borel hull operation on the family of Lebesgue null sets and on the family of meager sets in (in R^n). We also prove that if the meager ideal admits a monotone Borel hull operation, then there is also a monotone Borel hull operation on the sigma-algebra of sets with the property of Baire.
Directed schemes of ideals and cardinal characteristics, I: the meager additive ideal
本文引入方向理想方案以刻画实数上的特殊理想，提出方向方案$\vec{\mathcal{M}}$用于描述meager加法理想，探讨其组合学及基数特征，并证明cov(NA)<c与cof(MA)<non(SN)的一致性。
We consider ``meager analogues'' of classical covering properties of Menger, Hurewicz and Rothberger. We show that Borel images of sets having ``our'' covering properties have these classical covering properties.
We show that (1) If ZF is consistent then the following theory is consistent "ZF + DC(omega_{1}) + Every set of reals has Baire property" and (2) If ZF is consistent then the following theory is consistent "ZFC + `every projective set of reals has Baire property' + `any union of omega_{1} meager sets is meager' ".
We describe a simple machinery which translates results on algebraic sums of sets of reals into the corresponding results on their cartesian product. Some consequences are: 1. The product of a meager/null-additive set and a strong measure zero/strongly meager set in the Cantor space has strong measure zero/is strongly meager, respectively. 2. Using Scheepers' notation for selection principles: Sfin(Omega,Omega^gp)\cap S1(O,O)=S1(Omega,Omega^gp), and Borel's Conjecture for S1(Omega,Omega) (or just S1(Omega,Omega^gp)) implies Borel's Conjecture. These results extend results of Scheepers and Mill…
It is proved that no non-meager subspace of the space $[ω]^ω$ equipped with the Ellentuck topology does admit a Kuratowski partition, that is such a subset cannot be covered by a family $\mathfrak{F}$ of disjoint relatively meager sets such that $\bigcup\mathfrak{F}'$ has the Baire property (relatively) for every subfamily $\mathfrak{F}'\subseteq\mathfrak{F}$. It is also shown that the existence of Kuratowski partitions is not a metric problem. Some remarks concerning continuous restrictions of functions with domain in the Ellentuck space are made.
A bijection from R to R is called an Erdos-Sierpinski mapping if it maps meager sets onto the first category sets and vice versa. We show that there is no Erdos-Sierpinski mapping preserving addition.
We use the method of norms on possibilities to answer a question of Kunen and construct a ccc sigma --ideal on 2^omega with various closure properties and distinct from the ideal of null sets, the ideal of meager sets and their intersection.
On Star operation and some ideals on the Baire space
本文研究了Baire空间上的几个σ-理想，引入并分析了理想G和SMZ⁺，建立了它们与经典理想的结构关系，计算了M₋的基数不变量，并证明了星运算下的对偶关系，最后证明了M₋的树二分定理。
We study Baire category for subsets of 2^omega that are downward-closed with respect to the almost-inclusion ordering (on the power set of the natural numbers, identified with 2^omega). We show that it behaves better in this context than for general subsets of 2^omega. In the downward-closed context, the ideal of meager sets is prime and b-complete (where b is the bounding number), while the complementary filter is g-complete (where g is the groupwise density cardinal). We also discuss other cardinal characteristics of this ideal and this filter, and we show that analogous results for measure …
Cardinal invariants of idealized Miller null sets
本文研究了理想化Miller空集的基数不变量，通过计算典型Borel理想参数化的$σ$-理想，扩展了Cichoń的最大值。
We ask whether $\mathbf{Δ^1_2}$ or $\mathbf{Σ^1_2}$ equivalence relations with $I$-small classes for $I$ a $σ$-ideal must have perfectly many classes. We show that for a wide class of ccc $σ$-ideals, a positive answer for $\mathbf{Δ^1_2}$ equivalence relations is equivalent to the $I$-measurability of $\mathbf{Δ^1_2}$ sets. However, the analogous statement for $\mathbf{Σ^1_2}$ equivalence relations is false: $\mathbf{Σ^1_2}$ equivalence relations with meager classes have a perfect set of pairwise inequivalent elements if and only if $\mathbf{Δ^1_2}$ sets have the Baire property.
We recall some classical results relating normality and some natural weakenings of normality in $Ψ$-spaces over almost disjoint families of branches in the Cantor tree to special sets of reals like $Q$-sets, $λ$-sets and $σ$-sets. We introduce a new class of special sets of reals which corresponds the corresponding almost disjoint family of branches being $\aleph_0$-separated. This new class fits between $λ$-sets and perfectly meager sets. We also discuss conditions for an almost disjoint family $\mathcal A$ being potentially almost-normal (pseudonormal), in the sense that $\mathcal A$ is almo…
Lebesgue measure zero modulo ideals on the natural numbers
本文提出了实数Lebesgue测度零集理想模自然数上理想的重新表述，证明了其σ-理想性质及与Baire性质的等价关系，并研究了相关基数特征在Cichoń图中的位置及协调性结果。
Topological Erdős similarity conjecture and strong measure zero sets
本文证明实数集上拓扑普适集等价于强零测集，并推广至局部紧 Polish 群，从而确立不可数拓扑普适集存在性对 ZFC 的独立性，还提出全测度普适 Erdős 相似性猜想。
The Higher Cichoń Diagram
针对强不可达基数$κ$，研究三类理想的基数特征关系，证明部分不等式并给出不可证明的一致性结果，构建多个模型区分特征，发展新的迭代工具。
We construct new models of $ZF$ with an uncountable set of reals that has a unique condensation point. This addresses a question by Sierpiński from 1918.
We show that every strongly jump-traceable set obeys every benign cost function. Moreover, we show that every strongly jump-traceable set is computable from a computably enumerable strongly jump-traceable set. This allows us to generalise properties of c.e.\ strongly jump-traceable sets to all such sets. For example, the strongly jump-traceable sets induce an ideal in the Turing degrees; the strongly jump-traceable sets are precisely those that are computable from all superlow Martin-Löf random sets; the strongly jump-traceable sets are precisely those that are a base for $\text{Demuth}_{\text…
We give a classification of non-orthogonality classes of trivial order 1 strongly minimal sets in differentially closed fields. A central idea is the introduction of $τ$-forms, functions on the prolongation of a variety which are analogous to 1-forms. Order 1 strongly minimal sets then correspond to smooth projective curves with $τ$-forms. We also introduce $τ$-differentials, algebraic versions of $τ$-forms which are analogous to usual differentials, and develop their basic properties. This enables us to reformulate our classification scheme-theoretically in terms of curves with $τ$-invertible…
We show that if a set $A$ is computable from every superlow 1-random set, then $A$ is strongly jump-traceable. This theorem shows that the computably enumerable (c.e.) strongly jump-traceable sets are exactly the c.e.\ sets computable from every superlow 1-random set. We also prove the analogous result for superhighness: a c.e.\ set is strongly jump-traceable if and only if it is computable from every superhigh 1-random set. Finally, we show that for each cost function $c$ with the limit condition there is a 1-random $Δ^0_2$ set $Y$ such that every c.e.\ set $A \le_T Y$ obeys $c$. To do so, we…
The classical Baldwin-Lachlan characterization of uncountably categorical theories is known to fail in continuous logic in that not every inseparably categorical theory has a strongly minimal set. Here we investigate these issues by developing the theory of strongly minimal sets in continuous logic and by examining inseparably categorical expansions of Banach space. To this end we introduce and characterize 'dictionaric theories,' theories in which definable sets are prevalent enough that many constructions familiar in discrete logic can be carried out. We also introduce, in the context of Ban…
The strongest type of coloring of pairs of countable ordinals, gotten by Todorcevic from a strongly Luzin set, is shown to be equivalent to the existence of a nonmeager set of reals of size $\aleph_1$. In the other direction, it is shown that the existence of both a strongly Luzin set and a coherent Souslin tree is compatible with the existence of a countable partition of pairs of countable ordinals such that no coloring is strong over it. This clarifies the interaction between a gallery of coloring assertions going back to Luzin and Sierpinski a hundred years ago.
Very ampleness in strongly minimal sets
本文在强极小集中引入非常丰性概念，证明其与代数闭域内部性、Zilber三分法的联系，并刻画了可定义伪平面及可除群情形，回答了G. Martin关于纯代数闭域归约的老问题。
Let $(K;+,\cdot, ', 0, 1)$ be a differentially closed field. In this paper we explore the connection between Ax-Schanuel type theorems (predimension inequalities) for a differential equation $E(x,y)$ and the geometry of the set $U:=\{ y:E(t,y) \wedge y' \neq 0 \}$ where $t$ is an element with $t'=1$. We show that certain types of predimension inequalities imply strong minimality and geometric triviality of $U$. Moreover, the induced structure on Cartesian powers of $U$ is given by special subvarieties. If $E$ has some special form then all fibres $U_s:=\{ y:E(s,y) \wedge y' \neq 0 \}$ (with $s…
A combinatorial principle CECA is formulated and its equivalence with GCH+ certain weakenings of Box_lambda for singular lambda is proved. CECA is used to show that certain ``almost point- < tau'' families can be refined to point- < tau families by removing a small set from each member of the family. This theorem in turn is used to show the consistency of ``every first countable T_1-space with a weakly uniform base has a point-countable base.''
This paper deals with different concepts for characterizing the size of mathematical objects. A game theoretic investigation and generalization of two size concepts, which can both be formulated in topological terms, is provided: the so called "Baire category" and the "$σ$-category". This is mainly done by means of (generalized) Banach-Mazur games using the Axiom of determinacy (the inconsistency of AC and AD is reflected in the beginning and a weaker form of AC is chosen for proofs). Analogue versions of Cantor-Bendixson and Heine-Borel are proofed as well as some definability results. Such s…
Ellis groups in model theory and strongly generic sets
本文研究模型论设定下 $G$-流 $S(\mathcal{A})$ 的 Ellis 群，通过探讨强泛集及其极大代数来恢复 Ellis 群，并显式描述了拓扑群中具有强 Baire 性质的子集代数的 Ellis 群。
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