Jan Dymara, Tadeusz Januszkiewicz
The group of simplicial automorphisms of a Tits-Kac-Moody ininite building of thickness q associated to a cocompact reflexion group with fundamental domain a simplex, is Kazhdan for q sufficiently large. Thus we obtain families of new Kazhdan groups: two in dimension 3 and one in dimension 4. The proof uses continuos cohomology, in particular a lemma of Borel-Wallach, and Garland's vanishing method.
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We prove that an Artin-Tits group of type $\tilde C$ is the group of fractions of a Garside monoid, analogous to the known dual monoids associated with Artin-Tits groups of spherical type and obtained by the "generated group" method. This answers, in this particular case, a general question on Artin-Tits groups, gives a new presentation of an Artin-Tits group of type $\tilde C$, and has consequences for the word problem, the computation of some centralizers or the triviality of the center. A key point of the proof is to show that this group is a group of fixed points in an Artin-Tits group of …
Kazhdan constants of discrete groups are hard to compute and the actual constants are known only for several classes of groups. By solving a semidefinite programming problem by a computer, we obtain a lower bound of the Kazhdan constant of a discrete group. Positive lower bounds imply that the group has property (T). We study lattices on $\tilde{A}_2$-buildings in detail. For $\tilde{A}_2$-groups, our numerical bounds look identical to the known actual constants. That suggests that our approach is effective. For a family of groups, $G_1, \cdots, G_4$, that are studied by Ronan, Tits and others…
Let $G=G_1\ast\dots\ast G_k\ast F$ be a countable group which splits as a free product, where all groups $G_i$ are freely indecomposable and not isomorphic to $\mathbb{Z}$, and $F$ is a finitely generated free group. If for all $i\in\{1,\dots,k\}$, both $G_i$ and its outer automorphism group $\text{Out}(G_i)$ satisfy the Tits alternative, then $\text{Out}(G)$ satisfies the Tits alternative. As an application, we prove that the Tits alternative holds for outer automorphism groups of right-angled Artin groups, and of torsion-free groups that are hyperbolic relative to a finite family of virtuall…
Artin-Tits groups act on a certain delta-hyperbolic complex, called the "additional length complex". For an element of the group, acting loxodromically on this complex is a property analogous to the property of being pseudo-Anosov for elements of mapping class groups. By analogy with a well-known conjecture about mapping class groups, we conjecture that "most" elements of Artin-Tits groups act loxodromically. More precisely, in the Cayley graph of a subgroup $G$ of an Artin-Tits group, the proportion of loxodromically acting elements in a ball of large radius should tend to one as the radius t…
The goal of this mostly expository paper is to present several candidates for hyperbolic structures on irreducible Artin-Tits groups of spherical type and to elucidate some relations between them. Most constructions are algebraic analogues of previously known hyperbolic structures on Artin braid groups coming from natural actions of these groups on curve graphs and (modified) arc graphs of punctured disks.
In this note we show that many subgroups of mapping class groups of infinite-type surfaces without boundary have trivial centers, including all normal subgroups. Using similar techniques, we show that every nontrivial normal subgroup of a big mapping class group contains a nonabelian free group. In contrast, we show that no big mapping class group satisfies the strong Tits alternative enjoyed by finite-type mapping class groups. We also give examples of big mapping class groups that fail to satisfy even the classical Tits alternative and give a proof that every countable group appears as a sub…
We show, using Wise's equitable sets criterion, that every tubular free by cyclic group acts freely on a CAT(0) cube complex. We also show that these groups have a finite index subgroup satisfying the strongest Tits alternative, which means that every subgroup either surjects a non abelian free group or is torsion free abelian. In particular the Gersten group is the first known group virtually having this property but which is not virtually special nor virtually residually free.
We show that, in an Artin-Tits group of spherical type, the intersection of two parabolic subgroups is a parabolic subgroup. Moreover, we show that the set of parabolic subgroups forms a lattice with respect to inclusion. This extends to all Artin-Tits groups of spherical type a result that was previously known for braid groups. To obtain the above results, we show that every element in an Artin-Tits group of spherical type admits a unique minimal parabolic subgroup containing it. Also, the subgroup associated to an element coincides with the subgroup associated to any of its powers or roots. …
The minimal standardizer of a curve system on a punctured disk is the minimal braid that transforms it into a system formed only by round curves. We give an algorithm to compute it in a geometrical way. Then, we generalize this problem algebraically to parabolic subgroups of Artin-Tits groups of spherical type and we show that, to compute the minimal standardizer of a parabolic subgroup, it suffices to compute the $pn$-normal form of a particular central element.
We prove the strong Tits alternative for the 3-dimensional tame automorphism group over a field K of characteristic zero.
Let W be an irreducible, finitely generated Coxeter group. The geometric representation provides an discrete embedding in the orthogonal group of the so-called Tits form. One can look at the representation modulo the kernel of this form; we give a new proof of the following result of Vinberg: if W is non-affine, then this representation remains faithful. Our proof uses relative Kazhdan Property (T). The following corollary was only known to hold when the Tits form is non-degenerate: the reduced C*-algebra of W is simple with a unique normalized trace. Some other corollaries are pointed out.
It is conjectured that the central quotient of every irreducible Artin group is either virtually cyclic or acylindrically hyperbolic. We prove this conjecture for Artin groups associated to triangle-free graphs and Artin groups of large type associated to cones over square-free bipartite graphs. In fact, we treat Artin groups that are known to be CAT(0) groups by a result of Brady and McCammond.
Using the construction of a nonorientable Curtis-Tits group of type $\tilde A_n$, we obtain new explicit families of expander graphs of valency five for unitary groups over finite fields.
We investigate the Tits boundary of locally compact CAT(0) 2-complexes. In particular we show that away from the endpoints, a geodesic segment in the Tits boundary is the ideal boundary of an isometrically embedded Euclidean sector. As applications, we provide sufficient conditions for two points in the Tits boundary to be the endpoints of a geodesic in the 2-complex and for a group generated by two hyperbolic isometries to contain a free group. We also show that if two CAT(0) 2-complexes are quasi-isometric then the cores of their Tits boundaries are bi-Lipschitz.
Following previous work of the second author, we establish more properties of groups of circle homeomorphisms which admit invariant laminations. In this paper, we focus on a certain type of such groups-so-called pseudo-fibered groups, and show that many 3-manifold groups are examples of pseudo-fibered groups. We then prove that torsion-free pseudo-fibered groups satisfy a Tits alternative. We conclude by proving that a purely hyperbolic pseudo-fibered group acts on the 2-sphere as a convergence group. This leads to an interesting question if there are examples of pseudo-fibered groups other th…
We give a conjectural classification of virtually cocompactly cubulated Artin-Tits groups (i.e. having a finite index subgroup acting geometrically on a CAT(0) cube complex), which we prove for all Artin-Tits groups of spherical type, FC type or two-dimensional type. A particular case is that for $n \geq 4$, the $n$-strand braid group is not virtually cocompactly cubulated.
We prove that the mapping class group of a closed oriented surface of genus at least two does not have Kazhdan's property (T).
This paper is a short survey on four basic questions on Artin-Tits groups: the torsion, the center, the word problem, and the cohomology ($K(π,1)$ problem). It is also an opportunity to prove three new results concerning these questions: (1) if all free of infinity Artin-Tits groups are torsion free, then all Artin-Tits groups will be torsion free; (2) If all free of infinity irreducible non-spherical type Artin-Tits groups have a trivial center then all irreducible non-spherical type Artin-Tits groups will have a trivial center; (3) if all free of infinity Artin-Tits groups have solutions to …
We construct a family of morphisms between Artin-Tits groups which generalise the ones constructed by J. Crisp in [Injective maps between Artin groups, Proceedings of the Special Year in Geometric Group Theory, Berlin, (1999), 119 -- 138]. We show that their restrictions to the positive Artin monoids respect normal forms, and that for Artin-Tits groups of type FC, these morphisms are injective. The proof of the second result uses the Deligne Complex, and the normal cube paths constructed in [G. Niblo and L. Reeves, The geometry of cube complexes and the complexity of their fundamental groups, …
We prove an analogue of the Centralizer Theorem in the context of Artin-Tits groups.
We prove a Tits alternative theorem for groups acting on CAT(0) cubical complexes. Namely, suppose that $G$ is a group for which there is a bound on the orders of its finite subgroups. We prove that if $G$ acts properly on a finite-dimensional CAT(0) cubical complex, then either $G$ contains a free subgroup of rank 2 or $G$ is finitely generated and virtually abelian. In particular the above conclusion holds for any group $G$ with a free action on a finite-dimensional CAT(0) cubical complex.
In this note we establish the existence of all Curtis-Tits groups and Phan groups with $3$-spherical diagram as classified previously and investigate some of their geometric and group theoretic properties. Whereas it is known that orientable Curtis-Tits groups with spherical or non-spherical and non-affine diagram are almost simple, we show that non-orientable Curtis-Tits groups are acylindrically hyperbolic and therefore have infinitely many infinite-index normal subgroups. However, we also provide concrete examples of non-orientable Curtis-Tits groups whose quotients are finite simple groups…
Given a group action on a finite-dimensional CAT(0) cube complex, we give a simple criterion phrased purely in terms of cube stabilisers that ensures that the group satisfies the strong Tits alternative, provided that each vertex stabiliser satisfies the strong Tits alternative. We use it to prove that all Artin groups of type FC satisfy the strong Tits alternative.
We show that the complex of parabolic subgroups associated to the Artin-Tits group of type $B$ is hyperbolic
We construct first examples of infinite groups having property (T) whose Kazhdan constants admit a lower bound independent of the choice of a finite generating set.
The main result of this paper (Theorem B) asserts that under natural conditions, any weakly-split Tits system in G(k), G a reductive or quasi-reductive group over an arbitrary field k, is the standard one.
We prove: (1) The group of multipliers of similitudes of a 12-dimensional anisotropic quadratic form over a field K with trivial discriminant and split Clifford invariant is generated by norms from quadratic extensions E/K such that q_E is hyperbolic. (2) If G is the group of K-rational points of an absolutely simple algebraic group whose Tits index is E_{8,2}^{66}, then G is generated by its root groups, as predicted by the Kneser-Tits conjecture.
In this article, we study the smooth mapping class group of a surface S relative to a given Cantor set, that is the group of isotopy classes of orientation-preserving smooth diffeomorphisms of S which preserve this Cantor set. When the Cantor set is the standard ternary Cantor set, we prove that the subgroup consisting of diffeomorphisms which are isotopic to the identity on S does not contain any distorted elements. Moreover, we prove a weak Tits alternative for these groups.
Pride groups, or ``groups given by presentations in which each defining relator involves at most two types of generators'', include Coxeter groups, Artin groups, triangles of groups, and Vinberg's groups defined by periodic paired relations. We show that every non-spherical Pride group that is not a triangle of groups satisfies the Tits alternative.
In this paper we show the statement in the title. To any Garside group of finite type, Wiest and the author associated a hyperbolic graph called the \emph{additional length graph} and they used it to show that central quotients of Artin-Tits groups of spherical type are acylindrically hyperbolic. In general, a euclidean Artin-Tits group is not \emph{a priori} a Garside group but McCammond and Sulway have shown that it embeds into an \emph{infinite-type} Garside group which they call a \emph{crystallographic Garside group}. We associate a \emph{hyperbolic} additional length graph to this crysta…
We give a complete classification of conjugacy stable parabolic subgroups of Artin-Tits groups of spherical type. This answers a question posed by Ivan Marin and generalizes a theorem obtained by Juan González-Meneses in the specific case of Artin braid groups.
We construct a set of $27\times 27$ unitary matrices which give an explicit embedding of the Tits group in the compact real form of the Lie group of type $E_6$. A subset gives an embedding of $\mathrm{PSL}_2(25)$ in $F_4$.
We present a complete classification for the epimorphisms from the affine Artin-Tits groups $A(\widetilde{A}_{n})$ to the corresponding Coxeter groups $W(\widetilde{A}_{n})$, for $n\geq 1$.
A conjecture of Dehornoy claims that, given a presentation of an Artin-Tits group, every word that represents the identity can be transformed into the trivial word using the braid relations, together with certain rules (between pairs of words that are not both positive) that can be derived directly from the braid relations, as well as free reduction, but without introducing trivial factors $ss^{-1} $ or $s^{-1} s$. This conjecture is known to be true for Artin-Tits groups of spherical type or of FC type. We prove the conjecture for Artin--Tits groups of sufficiently large type.
Centralizers of sofic approximations of Kazhdan groups
该研究证明了满足特定软嵌入条件的Kazhdan群局部可嵌入有限群，有限呈现的此类群为剩余有限，并得出其软嵌入的中心化子是置换群度量超积的结论。
Abstract. We address the conjecture which states that an intersection of parabolic subgroups of an Artin-Tits group is a parabolic subgroup. We prove that the conjecture is equivalent to a, a priori, weaker conjecture. We also prove the conjecture in a specific case. Along the way, we provide short and almost self-contain algebraical proofs of several classical results on Artin-Tits groups, such as those of Van der Lek on intersection of standard parabolic subgroups.
We conjecture that the word problem of Artin-Tits groups can be solved without introducing trivial factors ss^{-1} or s^{-1}s. Here we make this statement precise and explain how it can be seen as a weak form of hyperbolicity. We prove the conjecture in the case of Artin-Tits groups of type FC, and we discuss various possible approaches for further extensions, in particular a syntactic argument that works at least in the right-angled case.
Acylindrical Visual Splittings and The Tits Alternative For Artin Groups
本研究给出满足两个著名猜想条件的阿廷群可视分裂为非柱形的充要条件，借此构造出一大类满足Tits二择性的全新阿廷群实例，推进相关群论研究。
We define Tits rigidity for visual boundaries of CAT(0) groups, and prove that the join of two Cantor sets and its suspension are Tits rigid.
Normalisers of parabolic subgroups of Artin--Tits groups and Tits cone intersections
该文研究Artin-Tits群抛物子群的正规化子与Tits锥交集，证明有限型Γ对应空间为K(π,1)，一般Γ的Brink-Howlett群胚通用覆盖由墙腔结构刻画，推广Ko定理并回答相关问题。
The Tits core G^+ of a totally disconnected locally compact group G is defined as the abstract subgroup generated by the closures of the contraction groups of all its elements. We show that a dense subgroup is normalised by the Tits core if and only if it contains it. It follows that every dense subnormal subgroup contains the Tits core. In particular, if G is topologically simple, then the Tits core is abstractly simple, and if G^+ is non-trivial then it is the unique minimal dense normal subgroup. The proofs are based on the fact, of independent interest, that the map which associates to an …
Some remarks about the faithfulness of the Burau representation of Artin--Tits groups
本文将Burau表示的忠实性问题推广到Artin–Tits群，并用推广Bigelow曲线策略的范畴算法证明其在仿射型$\ ilde{A_3}$及型$D_4$的若干有限环上不忠实。
We show the analogue of Muhlherr's [Coxeter groups in Coxeter groups, Finite Geom. and Combinatorics, Cambridge Univ. Press (1993), 277-287] for Artin-Tits monoids, and for Artin-Tits groups of spherical type. That is, the submonoid (resp. subgroup) of an Artin-Tits monoid (resp. group of spherical type) induced by an admissible partition of the Coxeter graph is an Artin-Tits monoid (resp. group). This generalizes and unifies the situation of the submonoid (resp. subgroup) of fixed elements of an Artin-Tits monoid (resp. group of spherical type) under the action of graph automorphisms, and the…
The classification of Curtis-Tits amalgams with {connected}, triangle free, simply-laced diagram over a field of size at least $4$ was completed in~\cite{BloHof2014b}. Orientable amalgams are those arising from applying the Curtis-Tits theorem to groups of Kac-Moody type, and indeed, their universal completions are central extensions of those groups of Kac-Moody type. The paper~\cite{BloHof2014a} exhibits concrete (matrix) groups as completions for all Curtis-Tits amalgams with diagram $\widetilde{A}_{n-1}$. For non-orientable amalgams these groups are symmetry groups of certain unitary forms …
We give simple examples of Kazhdan groups with infinite outer automorphism groups. This answers a question of Paulin, independently answered by Ollivier and Wise by completely different methods. As arithmetic lattices in (non-semisimple) Lie groups, our examples are in addition finitely presented. We also use results of Abels about compact presentability of p-adic groups to exhibit a finitely presented non-Hopfian Kazhdan group. This answers a question of Ollivier and Wise.
We show that every finitely generated Artin-Tits group admits a finite Garside family, by introducing the notion of a low element in a Coxeter group and proving that the family of all low elements in a Coxeter system (W, S) with S finite includes S and is finite and closed under suffix and join with respect to the right weak order.
Random actions of homeomorphisms of Cantor sets embedded in a line and Tits alternative
该研究类比Margulis关于圆周同胚群的Tits二择性结论，证明了实数集紧子集的局部单调同胚群也满足类似的二择性质，拓展了同胚群领域的相关理论结果。
We present a polynomial time Monte-Carlo algorithm for finite simple black box classical groups of odd characteristic which constructs all root ${\rm{SL}}_2(q)$-subgroups associated with the nodes of the extended Dynkin diagram of the corresponding algebraic group.
We prove a Tits alternative for topological full groups of minimal actions of finitely generated groups. On the one hand, we show that topological full groups of minimal actions of virtually cyclic groups are amenable. By doing so, we generalize the result of Juschenko and Monod for $\mathbf{Z}$-actions. On the other hand, when a finitely generated group $G$ is not virtually cyclic, then we construct a minimal free action of $G$ on a Cantor space such that the topological full group contains a non-abelian free group.
We show that the standard set of elementary generators of an elementary isotropic reductive group over a connected finitely generated ring is a Kazhdan subset. This generalizes the corresponding result of M. Ershov, A. Jaikin-Zapirain, and M. Kassabov for Chevalley and twisted Chevalley groups.
We prove the Tits-Weiss conjecture for Albert division algebras over fields of arbitrary characteristics in the affirmative. The conjecture predicts that every norm similarity of an Albert division algebra is a product of a scalar homothety and $U$-operators. This conjecture is equivalent to the Kneser-Tits conjecture for simple, simply connected algebraic groups with Tits index $E^{78}_{8,2}$. We prove that a simple, simply connected algebraic group with Tits index $E_{8,2}^{78}$ or $E_{7,1}^{78}$, defined over a field of arbitrary characteristic, is $R$-trivial, in the sense of Manin, thereb…
We give bounds on Kazhdan constants of abelian extensions of (finite) groups. As a corollary, we improved known results of Kazhdan constants for some meta-abelian groups and for the relatively free group in the variety of $p$-groups of lower $p$-series of class 2. Furthermore, we calculate Kazhdan constants of the tame automorphism groups of the free nilpotent groups.
Periodic elements in finite type Artin-Tits groups and stability conditions
本文通过2-Calabi-Yau范畴上的作用，证明了有限型Artin-Tits群中元素为周期元素当且仅当其在稳定性流形中有不动点。
The main goal of this paper is to prove that every Golod-Shafarevich group has an infinite quotient with Kazhdan's property $(T)$. In particular, this gives an affirmative answer to the well-known question about non-amenability of Golod-Shafarevich groups.
Weak Tits alternative for groups acting geometrically on buildings
本文证明几何地保型作用于建筑的群满足弱Tits择一定理：该群要么几乎交换，要么包含非交换自由群。
We investigate the padded version of reduction, an extension of multifraction reduction as defined in arXiv:1606.08991, and connect it both with ordinary reduction and with the so-called Property $\mathrm{H}$. As an application, we show that all Artin-Tits groups of sufficiently large type satisfy some weakening Conjecture $\mathrm{A^{padded}}$ of Conjecture $\mathrm{A}$, thus showing that the reduction approach is relevant for these groups.
We prove the Tits Alternative for groups acting on $2$-dimensional "recurrent" complexes with uniformly bounded cell stabilisers. This class of complexes includes, among others: $2$-dimensional Euclidean buildings, $2$-dimensional systolic complexes, $B(6)$-small cancellation complexes, and standard Cayley complexes for Artin groups of extra-large type. In the appendix written jointly with Jon McCammond we extend the result to a class of $2$-dimensional Artin groups containing all large-type Artin groups.
It is shown that Suzuki-Ree groups can be easily defined by means of comparing two fundamental representations of the ambient Chevalley group in characteristic 2 or 3. This eliminates the distinction between the Suzuki-Ree groups over perfect and imperfect fields and gives a natural definition for the analogues of such groups over commutative rings. As an application of the same idea, we explicitly construct a pair of polynomial maps between the groups of types B_n and C_n in characteristic 2 that compose to the Frobenius endomorphism. This, in turn, provides a simple definition for the Tits m…
We provide an explicit presentation of an infinite hyperbolic Kazhdan group with $4$ generators and $16$ relators of length at most $73$. That group acts properly and cocompactly on a hyperbolic triangle building of type $(3,4,4)$. We also point out a variation of the construction that yields examples of lattices in $\tilde A_2$-buildings admitting non-Desarguesian residues of arbitrary prime power order.
Small Kazhdan constants for small generating sets of linear groups
本文证明线性群及具有非初等收敛作用的有限生成群，存在大小仅比生成元数多2的生成集，其Kazhdan常数可任意小。
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