J. R. Links, M. D. Gould, Y. -Z. Zhang
The construction of link polynomials associated with finite dimensional representations of ribbon quasi-Hopf algebras is discussed in terms of the formulation of an appropriate Markov trace. We then show that this Markov trace is invariant under twisting of the quasi-Hopf structure, which in turn implies twisting invariance of the associated link polynomials.
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We construct an explicit isomorphism between the quasitriangular quasi-Hopf algebra $D^ω(H)$ defined in \cite{bp} and a certain quantum double quasi-Hopf algebra. We give also new characterizations for a quasitriangular quasi-Hopf algebra to be ribbon and use them to construct some ribbon elements for $D^ω(H)$.
We introduce the notions of sovereign, spherical and balanced quasi-Hopf algebra. We investigate the connections between these, as well as their connections with the class of pivotal, involutory and ribbon quasi-Hopf algebras, respectively. Examples of balanced and ribbon quasi-Hopf algebras are obtained from a sort of double construction which associates to a braided category (resp. rigid braided) a balanced (resp. ribbon) one.
Let $H$ be a Hopf algebra. Any finite-dimensional lifting of $V\in {}^{H}_{H}\mathcal{YD}$ arising as a cocycle deformation of $A=\mathfrak{B}(V)\#H$ defines a twist in the Hopf algebra $A^*$, via dualization. We follow this recipe to write down explicit examples and show that it extends known techniques for defining twists. We also contribute with a detailed survey about twists in braided categories.
In this paper we study the properties of Drinfeld's twisting for finite-dimensional Hopf algebras. We determine how the integral of the dual to a unimodular Hopf algebra $H$ changes under twisting of $H$. We show that the classes of cosemisimple unimodular, cosemisimple involutive, cosemisimple quasitriangular finite-dimensional Hopf algebras are stable under twisting. We also prove the cosemisimplicity of a coalgebra obtained by twisting of a cosemisimple unimodular Hopf algebra by two different twists on two sides (such twists are closely related to biGalois extensions), and describe the rep…
The Ribbon Elements of Drinfeld Double of Radford Hopf Algebra
该研究针对Radford构造的mn²维Hopf代数Rₘₙ(q)，证明其Drinfeld double D(Rₘₙ(q))存在ribbon元的充要条件是n为奇数，分情况给出ribbon元的数量，并显式计算出所有ribbon元。
Let $H$ be a Hopf algebra. Ju and Cai introduced the notion of twisting of an $H$-module coalgebra. In this note, we study the relationship between twistings, crossed coproducts and Hopf-Galois coextensions. In particular, we show that a twisting of an $H$-Galois coextension remains $H$-Galois if the twisting is invertible.
We introduce quasi-Hopf $*$-algebras i.e. quasi-Hopf algebras equipped with a conjugation (star) operation. The definition of quasi-Hopf $*$-algebras proposed ensures that the class of quasi-Hopf $*$-algebras is closed under twisting and additionally, that any Hopf $*$-algebra becomes a quasi-Hopf $*$-algebra via twisting. The basic properties of these algebras are developed. The relationship between the antipode and star structure is investigated. Quasi-triangular quasi-Hopf $*$-algebras are introduced and studied.
Hopf-Galois objects over bicrossed product Hopf algebras and twisting maps
本文研究双交叉积 Hopf 代数上的 Hopf-Galois 对象，证明其可由两个因子上的对象与扭曲映射构造，并确定相应双 Galois 结构的 Hopf 代数仍为双交叉积。
We show that certain twisting deformations of a family of supersolvable groups are simple as Hopf algebras. These groups are direct products of two generalized dihedral groups. Examples of this construction arise in dimensions 60 and p^2q^2, for prime numbers p, q with q dividing p-1. We also show that certain twisting deformation of the symmetric group is simple as a Hopf algebra. On the other hand, we prove that every twisting deformation of a nilpotent group is semisolvable. We conclude that the notions of simplicity and (semi)solvability of a semisimple Hopf algebra are not determined by i…
We find the general solution to the twisting equation in the tensor bialgebra $T({\bf R})$ of an associative unital ring ${\bf R}$ viewed as that of fundamental representation for a universal enveloping Lie algebra and its quantum deformations. We suggest a procedure of constructing twisting cocycles belonging to a given quasitriangular subbialgebra ${\cal H}\subset T({\bf R})$. This algorithm generalizes Reshetikhin's approach, which involves cocycles fulfilling the Yang-Baxter equation. Within this framework we study a class of quantized inhomogeneous Lie algebras related to associative ring…
Constructing Modular Tensor Categories with Hopf Algebras
本文通过研究Hopf代数的中心扩张、商代数可因子化条件及ribbon元构造方法，得到两类非半单和一族半单的ribbon可因子化Hopf代数，证明其表示范畴为素模张量范畴且无法通过常规张量积构造，为模张量范畴的构建提供了新途径。
We provide isomorphism results for Hopf algebras that are obtained as graded twistings of function algebras on finite groups by cocentral actions of cyclic groups. More generally , we also consider the isomorphism problem for finite-dimensional Hopf algebras fitting into abelian cocentral extensions. We apply our classification results to a number of concrete examples involving special linear groups over finite fields, alternating groups and dihedral groups.
We show that a class of braided Hopf algebras, which includes the braided $SU_q(2)$ is obtained by twisting. We show further examples and demonstrate that twisting of bicovariant differential calculi gives braided bicovariant differential calculi.
By studying ``points of the underlying quantum groups''of coquasitriangular Hopf (face) algebras, we construct ribbon categories for each lattice models without spectral parameter of both vertex and face type. Also, we give a classification of the braiding and the ribbon structure on quantized classical groups and modular tensor categories closely related to quantum SU(N)_L-invariants of 3-manifolds.
Mapping class group actions from Hopf monoids and ribbon graphs
本研究证明对称幺半范畴中的主Hopf幺半群可导出有向曲面映射类群作用，结合缎带图边滑动给出具体刻画，并在范畴有限完备余完备时得到闭曲面情形的对应作用。
We show that a semisimple Hopf algebra A is group theoretical if and only if its Drinfeld double is a twisting of the Dijkgraaf-Pasquier-Roche quasi-Hopf algebra D^{omega}(Sigma), for some finite group Sigma and some 3-cocycle omega on Sigma. We show that semisimple Hopf algebras obtained as bicrossed products from an exact factorization of a finite group Sigma are group theoretical. We also describe their Drinfeld double as a twisting of D^{omega}(Sigma), for an appropriate 3-cocycle omega coming from the Kac exact sequence.
Andruskiewitsch and Schneider classify a large class of pointed Hopf algebras with abelian coradical. The quantum double of each such Hopf algebra is investigated. The quantum doubles of a family of Hopf algebras from the above classification are ribbon Hopf algebras.
We show that two competing definitions of a ribbon quasi-Hopf algebra are actually equivalent. Along the way, we look at the Drinfel'd element from a new perspective and use this viewpoint to derive its fundamental properties.
This is an introduction to work on the generalisation to quantum groups of Mackey's approach to quantisation on homogeneous spaces. We recall the bicrossproduct models of the author, which generalise the quantum double. We describe the general extension theory of Hopf algebras and the nonAbelian cohomology spaces $\CH^2(H,A)$ which classify them. They form a new kind of topological quantum number in physics which is visible only in the quantum world. These same cross product quantisations can also be viewed as trivial quantum principal bundles in quantum group gauge theory. We also relate this…
Non-factorizable ribbon Hopf Algebras
本文基于Nenciu的工作，构造了不可分解的ribbon Hopf代数并引入更强的不可分解性，用于提供4维2-柄体在2-形变下的不变量，并证明某些不变量仅依赖于边界或基本群表示。
Representation theory of non-factorizable ribbon Hopf algebras
本文研究非可分解绳索霍普夫代数的表示论，分类不可分解射影和单模，确定Nenciu代数的共轭表示的克鲁尔-施密特分解，并证明其组件间的融合规则。
We study the universal Hopf algebra L of Majid and Lyubashenko in the case that the underlying ribbon category is the category of representations of a finite dimensional ribbon quasi-Hopf algebra A. We show that L=A* with coadjoint action and compute the Hopf algebra structure morphisms of L in terms of the defining data of A. We give explicitly the condition on A which makes Rep(A) factorisable and compute Lyubashenko's projective SL(2,Z)-action on the centre of A in this case. The point of this exercise is to provide the groundwork for the applications to ribbon categories arising in logarit…
We prove a result of the type ''invariance under twisting'' for Brzezinski's crossed products, as a common generalization of the invariance under twisting for twisted tensor products of algebras and the invariance under twisting for quasi-Hopf smash products. It turns out that this result contains also as a particular case the equivalence of crossed products by a coalgebra (due to Brzezinski).
Let $(C,A,φ)$ be an entwining structure over $k$. In this paper, we introduce the notions of the pivotal entwined datums and ribbon entwined datums to generalize (co)pivotal Hopf algebras and (co)ribbon Hopf algebras. These notions give necessary and sufficient conditions for the category of entwined modules to be a pivotal category and ribbon category.
We introduce the notion of a half-ribbon Hopf algebra, which is a ribbon Hopf algebra along with a distinguished element $t$ corresponding to twisting a ribbon by 180 degrees (the half-twist). We show that U_q(g) is a (topological) half-ribbon Hopf algebra, but only if one uses a modified ribbon element. We then discuss some consequences of using this modified ribbon element.
We consider a generalisation of the Majid's mirror product of a Hopf algebra H, when one of the components of the product is replaced by a twist. This leads to a new "twisted mirror product" construction for cocycle bicrossproduct Hopf algebra where c is a 2-cocycle of "twisting" type. As an application, we obtain a canonical cocycle bicrossproduct for any Hopf algebra H.
The Reshetikhin-Turaev invariant, Turaev's TQFT, and many related constructions rely on the encoding of certain tangles (n-string links, or ribbon n-handles) as n-forms on the coend of a ribbon category. We introduce the monoidal category of Hopf diagrams, and describe a universal encoding of ribbon string links as Hopf diagrams. This universal encoding is an injective monoidal functor and admits a straightforward monoidal retraction. Any Hopf diagram with n legs yields a n-form on the coend of a ribbon category in a completely explicit way. Thus computing a quantum invariant of a 3-manifold r…
We generalise gauge theory on a graph so that the gauge group becomes a finite-dimensional ribbon Hopf algebra, the graph becomes a ribbon graph, and gauge-theoretic concepts such as connections, gauge transformations and observables are replaced by linearised analogues. Starting from physical considerations, we derive an axiomatic definition of Hopf-algebra gauge theory, including locality conditions under which the theory for a general ribbon graph can be assembled from local data in the neighbourhood of each vertex. For a vertex neighbourhood with n incoming edge ends, the algebra of non-co…
Coend elements of a braided Hopf algebra
本文在辫子刚性幺半范畴中定义并研究了Hopf代数的余端元素，推广了有限维Hopf代数的pivotal和ribbon元素，并基于此为$H$-模范畴的pivotal和ribbon结构提供了新描述。
Given a Hopf algebra $A$ graded by a discrete group together with an action of the same group preserving the grading, we define a new Hopf algebra, which we call the graded twisting of $A$. If the action is adjoint, this new Hopf algebra is a twist of $A$ by a pseudo-$2$-cocycle. Analogous construction can be carried out for monoidal categories. As examples we consider graded twistings of the Hopf algebras of nondegenerate bilinear forms, their free products, hyperoctahedral quantum groups and $q$-deformations of compact semisimple Lie groups. As applications, we show that the analogues of the…
We use \cite{G} to study the algebra structure of twisted cotriangular Hopf algebras ${}_J\mathcal{O}(G)_{J}$, where $J$ is a Hopf $2$-cocycle for a connected nilpotent algebraic group $G$ over $\mathbb{C}$. In particular, we show that ${}_J\mathcal{O}(G)_{J}$ is an affine Noetherian domain with Gelfand-Kirillov dimension $\dim(G)$, and that if $G$ is unipotent and $J$ is supported on $G$, then ${}_J\mathcal{O}(G)_{J}\cong U(\g)$ as algebras, where $\g={\rm Lie}(G)$. We also determine the finite dimensional irreducible representations of ${}_J\mathcal{O}(G)_{J}$, by analyzing twisted function …
On the formal ribbon extension of a quasitriangular Hopf algebra
本文研究有限维拟三角 Hopf 代数的形式带状扩张，刻画不可分解模的两种提升作用及相关模结构，并说明其与半单情形下 sphericalization 构造的一致性。
We show that the crossed modules and bicovariant different calculi on two Hopf algebras related by a cocycle twist are in 1-1 correspondence. In particular, for quantum groups which are cocycle deformation-quantisations of classical groups the calculi are obtained as deformation-quantisation of the classical ones. As an application, we classify all bicovariant differential calculi on the Planck scale Hopf algebra $\C[x]\bicross_{\hbar,\grav}\C[p]$. This is a quantum group which has an $\hbar\to 0$ limit as the functions on a classical but non-Abelian group and a $\grav\to 0$ limit as flat spac…
Following the ideas of our previous works math.QA/0008232 (joint with Andruskiewitsch) and math.QA/0101049, we study families of triangular Hopf algebras obtained by twisting finite supergroups by a twist lying entirely in the odd part. These families are parametrized by data (G,V,u,B), where G is a finite group, V its finite dimensional representation, u a central element of G of order 2 acting by -1 on V, and B an element of S^2V. We fix the discrete data G,V,u, and find the set of isomorphism classes of the members of the family as Hopf algebras, in terms of the continuous parameter B. This…
We prove the unrolled superalgebra $\mathcal{U}_ξ^{H}\mathfrak{sl}(2|1)$ has a completion which is a ribbon superalgebra in a topological sense where $ξ$ is a root of unity of odd order. Using this ribbon superalgebra we construct its universal invariant of links. We use it to construct an invariant of $3$-manifolds of Hennings type.
We introduce a more general version of the so-called L-R-smash product and study its relations with other kinds of crossed products (two-sided smash and crossed product and diagonal crossed product). We also give an interpretation of the L-R-smash product in terms of an L-R-twisting datum.
For any finite-dimensional factorizable ribbon Hopf algebra H and any ribbon automorphism omega of H, we establish the existence of the following structure: an H-bimodule F_omega and a bimodule morphism Z_omega from Lyubashenko's Hopf algebra object K for the bimodule category to F_omega. This morphism is invariant under the natural action of the mapping class group of the one-punctured torus on the space of bimodule morphisms from K to F_omega. We further show that the bimodule F_omega can be endowed with a natural structure of a commutative symmetric Frobenius algebra in the monoidal categor…
We introduce a family of factorisable ribbon quasi-Hopf algebras $Q(N)$ for $N$ a positive integer: as an algebra, $Q(N)$ is the semidirect product of $\mathbb{C}\mathbb{Z}_2$ with the direct sum of a Grassmann and a Clifford algebra in $2N$ generators. We show that $Rep Q(N)$ is ribbon equivalent to the symplectic fermion category $SF(N)$ that was computed by the third author from conformal blocks of the corresponding logarithmic conformal field theory. The latter category in turn is conjecturally ribbon equivalent to representations of $V_{ev}$, the even part of the symplectic fermion vertex…
We study the group of group-like elements of a weak Hopf algebra and derive an analogue of Radford's formula for the fourth power of the antipode S, which implies that the antipode has a finite order modulo a trivial automorphism. We find a sufficient condition in terms of Tr(S^2) for a weak Hopf algebra to be semisimple, discuss relation between semisimplicity and cosemisimplicity, and apply our results to show that a dynamical twisting deformation of a semisimple Hopf algebra is cosemisimple.
We show how to construct, starting from a quasi-Hopf (super)algebra, central elements or Casimir invariants. We show that these central elements are invariant under quasi-Hopf twistings. As a consequence, the elliptic quantum (super)groups, which arise from twisting the normal quantum (super)groups, have the same Casimir invariants as the corresponding quantum (super)groups.
In 1997 we proved that any triangular semisimple Hopf algebra over an algebraically closed field k of characteristic 0 is obtained from the group algebra k[G] of a finite group G, by twisting its comultiplication by a twist in the sense of Drinfeld. In this paper, we generalize this result to not necessarily finite-dimensional cotriangular Hopf algebras. Namely, our main result says that a cotriangular Hopf algebra A over k is obtained from a function algebra of a pro-algebraic group by twisting by a Hopf 2-cocycle, and possibly changing its R-form by a central grouplike element of A^* of orde…
We extend the construction of the Hennings TQFT for ribbon Hopf algebras to the case of ribbon quasi-Hopf algebras as defined by Drinfeld. Calculations proceed in a similar fashion to the ordinary Hopf algebra case, but also require the handling of the non-trivial coassociator in the triple tensor product of the algebra as well as several special elements. The main technical difficulties we encounter are representing tangle categories in the non-associative setting, and the definition and use of integrals and cointegrals in the non-coassociative case. We therefore discuss the integral theory f…
Lyubashenko's construction associates representations of mapping class groups Map_{g,n} of Riemann surfaces of any genus g with any number n of holes to a factorizable ribbon category. We consider this construction as applied to the category of bimodules over a finite-dimensional factorizable ribbon Hopf algebra H. For any such Hopf algebra we find an invariant of Map_{g,n} for all values of g and n. More generally, we obtain such invariants for any pair (H,omega), where omega is a ribbon automorphism of H. Our results are motivated by the quest to understand correlation functions of bulk fiel…
We introduce and study new families of finite-dimensional Hopf algebras with the Chevalley property that are not pointed nor semisimple arising as twistings of quantum linear spaces. These Hopf algebras generalize the examples introduced in [AEG], [EG1], [EG2].
We show that the Kac-Paljutkin Hopf algebra appears as a quotient of $C(SU_{-1}(2))$, which means that the corresponding quantum group $G_{KP}$ can be regarded as a quantum subgroup of $SU_{-1}(2)$. We combine the fact that corepresentation category of the Kac-Paljutkin Hopf algebra is a Tambara-Yamagami tensor category associated with the Krein 4-group and the method of graded twisting of Hopf algebras, to construct the Hopf *-homomorphism.
Recall (math.QA/9812151) that the exponent of a finite-dimensional complex Hopf algebra H is the order of the Drinfeld element u of the Drinfeld double D(H) of H. Recall also that while this order may be infinite, the eigenvalues of u are always roots of unity (math.QA/9812151, Theorem 4.8); i.e., some power of u is always unipotent. We are thus naturally led to define the quasi-exponent of a finite-dimensional Hopf algebra H to be the order of unipotency of u. The goal of the paper is to create a theory of quasi-exponent, which would be parallel to the theory of the exponent developed in math…
Transformation of operator algebras under Hopf algebra twist is studied. It is shown that that adjoint module algebras are stable under the twist. Applications to vector fields on non-commutative space-time are considered.
The Drinfeld double of a finite dimensional Hopf algebra is a quasi-triangular Hopf algebra with the canonical element as the universal $R$-matrix, and one can obtain a ribbon Hopf algebra by adding the ribbon element. The universal quantum invariant of framed links is constructed using a ribbon Hopf algebra. In that construction, a copy of the universal $R$-matrix is attached to each crossing, and invariance under the Reidemeister III move is shown by the quantum Yang-Baxter equation of the universal $R$-matrix. On the other hand, the Heisenberg double of a finite dimensional Hopf algebra has…
Cocycle twisting of semidirect products and transmutation
该研究将Majid的嬗变程序应用于到紧阿贝尔群函数代数的Hopf代数映射，得到商群上的辫子Hopf代数，统一推广了辫子紧量子群的相关构造并给出其玻色化描述。
We describe a topological ribbon Hopf algebra whose elements are sequences of matrices. The algebra is a quantum version of U(sl_2).
In a previous paper we prove that any semisimple triangular Hopf algebra A over an algebraically closed field of characteristic 0 (say the field of complex numbers C) is obtained from a finite group after twisting the ordinary comultiplication of its group algebra in the sense of Drinfeld; that is A=C[G]^J for some finite group G and a twist J\in C[G]\ot C[G]. In this paper we explicitly describe the representation theory of co-triangular semisimple Hopf algebras A^*=(C[G]^J)^* in terms of representations of some associated groups. As a corollary we prove that Kaplansky's 6th conjecture from 1…
We develop a general theory of Hopf image of a Hopf algebra representation, with the associated concept of inner faithful representation, modelled on the notion of faithful representation of a discrete group. We study several examples, including group algebras, enveloping algebras of Lie algebras, pointed Hopf algebras, function algebras, twistings and cotwistings, and we present a Tannaka duality formulation of the notion of Hopf image.
We use factorizable finite tensor categories, and specifically the representation categories of factorizable ribbon Hopf algebras H, as a laboratory for exploring bulk correlation functions in local logarithmic conformal field theories. For any ribbon Hopf algebra automorphism omega of H we present a candidate for the space of bulk fields and endow it with a natural structure of a commutative symmetric Frobenius algebra. We derive an expression for the corresponding bulk partition functions as bilinear combinations of irreducible characters; as a crucial ingredient this involves the Cartan mat…
We introduce and study Hopf monads on autonomous categories (i.e., monoidal categories with duals). Hopf monads generalize Hopf algebras to a non-braided (and non-linear) setting. Indeed, any monoidal adjunction between autonomous categories gives rise to a Hopf monad. We extend many fundamental results of the theory of Hopf algebras (such as the decomposition of Hopf modules, the existence of integrals, Maschke's criterium of semisimplicity, etc...) to Hopf monads. We also introduce and study quasitriangular and ribbon Hopf monads (again defined in a non-braided setting).
We continue the study of twisting of affine algebraic groups G (i.e., of Hopf 2-cocycles J for the function algebra O(G)), which was started in [EG1,EG2], and initiate the study of the associated one-sided twisted function algebras O(G)_J. We first show that J is supported on a closed subgroup H of G (defined up to conjugation), and that O(G)_J is finitely generated with center O(G/H). We then use it to study the structure of O(G)_J for connected nilpotent G. We show that in this case O(G)_J is a Noetherian domain, which is a simple algebra if and only if J is supported on G, and describe the …
We compute the Hochschild and Gerstenhaber-Schack cohomological dimensions of the universal cosovereign Hopf algebras, when the matrix of parameters is a generic asymmetry. Our main tools are considerations on the cohomologies of free product of Hopf algebras, and on the invariance of the cohomological dimensions under graded twisting by a finite abelian group.
The ribbon cocycle invariant is defined by means of a partition function using ternary cohomology of self-distributive structures (TSD) and colorings of ribbon diagrams of a framed link, following the same paradigm introduced by Carter, Jelsovsky, Kamada, Langfor and Saito in Transactions of the American Mathematical Society 2003;355(10):3947-89, for the quandle cocycle invariant. In this article we show that the ribbon cocycle invariant is a quantum invariant. We do so by constructing a ribbon category from a TSD set whose twisting and braiding morphisms entail a given TSD $2$-cocycle. Then w…
Let $H$ be a Hopf algebra that is $\mathbb Z$-graded as an algebra. We provide sufficient conditions for a 2-cocycle twist of $H$ to be a Zhang twist of $H$. In particular, we introduce the notion of a twisting pair for $H$ such that the Zhang twist of $H$ by such a pair is a 2-cocycle twist. We use twisting pairs to describe twists of Manin's universal quantum groups associated to quadratic algebras and provide twisting of solutions to the quantum Yang-Baxter equation via the Faddeev-Reshetikhin-Takhtajan construction.
We give a new factorisable ribbon quasi-Hopf algebra U, whose underlying algebra is that of the restricted quantum group for sl(2) at a 2p'th root of unity. The representation category of U is conjecturally ribbon-equivalent to that of the triplet vertex operator algebra W(p). We obtain U via a simple current extension from the unrolled restricted quantum group at the same root of unity. The representation category of the unrolled quantum group is conjecturally equivalent to that of the singlet vertex operator algebra M(p), and our construction is parallel to extending M(p) to W(p). We illustr…
There are two notions of exponent of finite-dimensional Hopf algebras introduced and studied in the literature. In this note, we discuss and compare their properties including invariance and finiteness in this note. Specifically, one notion is invariant under twisting and taking the Drinfeld double, just like the other one. We also find that if the non-cosemisimplicity and dual Chevalley property hold, both exponents are infinite in characteristic $0$ but finite in positive characteristic.
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