In this paper we consider the category $C (\tilde k, \tilde H)$ of the $(\tilde k, \tilde H)$-modules, including all the Verma modules, where $k$ is some compact Lie algebra and H some Cartan subgroup, $\tilde k$ and $\tilde H$ are the corresponding affine Lie algebra and the affine Cartan group, respectively. To this category we apply the Zuckerman functor and its derivatives. By using the determinant bundle structure, we prove the natural duality of the Zuckerman derived functors, and deduce a Borel-Weil-Bott type theorem on decomposition of the nilpotent part cohomology.
Recall that an algebraic module is a KG-module that satisfies a polynomial with integer coefficients, with addition and multiplication given by direct sum and tensor product. In this article we prove that non-periodic algebraic modules are very rare, and that if the complexity of an algebraic module is at least 3, then it is the only algebraic module on its component of the (stable) Auslander--Reiten quiver. We include a strong conjecture on the relationship between periodicity and algebraicity.
In this paper we study the category of graded modules for the current algebra associated to $\mathfrak{sl}_2$. The category enjoys many nice properties, including a tilting theory which was established in previous work of the authors. We show that the indecomposable tilting modules for $\mathfrak{sl}_2[t]$ are the exterior powers of the fundamental global Weyl module and give the filtration multiplicities in the standard and costandard filtration. An interesting consequence of our result (which is far from obvious from the abstract definition) is that an indecomposable tilting module admits a …
We introduce the notion of essential support of a simple Gelfand-Tsetlin $\mathfrak{gl}_n$-module as an important tool towards understanding the character formula of such module. This support detects the weights in the module having maximal possible Gelfand-Tsetlin multiplicities. Using combinatorial tools we describe the essential supports of the simple socles of the universal tableaux modules. We also prove that every simple Verma module appears as a socle of a universal tableaux module and hence obtain a description of the essential supports of all simple Verma modules. As a consequence, we…
In 2006, Gao and Zeng \cite{GZ} gave the free field realizations of highest weight modules over a class of extended affine Lie algebras. In the present paper, applying the technique of localization to those free field realizations, we construct a class of new weight modules over the extended affine Lie algebras. We give necessary and sufficient conditions for these modules to be irreducible. In this way, we construct free field realizations for a class of simple weight modules with infinite weight multiplicities over the extended affine Lie algebras.
In this paper, we relate the well-known Fock representations of the quantum toroidal algebra of sl(n) to the vertex, shuffle, and L-operator representations of the same algebra. These identifications generalize those for the quantum toroidal algebra of gl(1), which were recently established by Feigin-Jimbo-Miwa-Mukhin.
We prove a BGG type reciprocity law for the category of finite dimensional modules over algebraic supergroups satisfying certain conditions. The equivalent of a standard module in this case is a virtual module called Euler characteristic due to its geometric interpretation. In the orthosymplectic case, we also describe indecomposable projective modules in terms of those Euler characteristics.
We give a geometric realization of module categories of type $\tilde{A}_n$. We work with oriented arcs to define a translation quiver isomorphic to the Auslander-Reiten quiver of the module category of type $\tilde{A}_n$. To get a description of the module category, we introduce long moves between arcs. These allow us to include the infinite radical in the geometric description. Finally, our results can also be used to describe the corresponding cluster categories by taking unoriented arcs instead.
We use localization technique to construct new families of irreducible modules of affine Kac-Moody algebras. In particular, localization is applied to the first free field realization of the affine Lie algebra A_1^{(1)} or, equivalently, to imaginary Verma modules.
We study the Wakimoto modules over the affine Kac-Moody algebras at the critical level from the point of view of the equivalences of categories proposed in our previous works, relating categories of representations and certain categories of sheaves. In particular, we describe explicitly geometric realizations of the Wakimoto modules as Hecke eigen-D-modules on the affine Grassmannian and as quasi-coherent sheaves on the flag variety of the Langlands dual group.
Let $A$ be a finite dimensional commutative associative algebra with unit over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero. The group $G(A)$ of invertible elements is open in $A$ and thus $A$ has a structure of a prehomogeneous $G(A)$-module. We show that every prehomogeneous module of a commutative linear algebraic group appears this way. In particular, the number of equivalence classes of prehomogeneous $G$-modules is finite if and only if the corank of $G$ is at most $5$.
Let E be an elementary abelian p-group of rank r and let k be a field of characteristic p. We introduce functors F_i from finitely generated kE-modules of constant Jordan type to vector bundles over projective space of dimension r-1. The fibers of these functors encode complete information about the Jordan type of the module. We prove that given any vector bundle of rank s on P^{r-1}, there is a kE-module M of stable constant Jordan type [1]^s such that the functor F_1 applied to M yields the original vector bundle for p=2 and the Frobenius twist of the original vector bundle for p>2. We also …
We construct a representation of the blob algebra over a ring allowing base change to every interesting (i.e. non--semisimple) specialisation which, in quasihereditary specialisations, passes to a full tilting module.
We give a cohomological treatment of a character theory for (g,K)-modules. This leads to a nice formalism extending to large categories of not necessarily admissible (g,K)-modules. Due to results of Hecht, Schmid and Vogan the classical results of Harish-Chandra's global character theory extend to this general setting. As an application we consider a general setup, for which we show that algebraic characters answer discretely decomposable branching problems.
We provide a classification and an explicit realization of all irreducible Gelfand-Tsetlin modules of the complex Lie algebra sl(3). The realization of these modules uses regular and derivative Gelfand-Tsetlin tableaux. In particular, we list all simple Gelfand-Tsetlin sl(3)-modules with infinite-dimensional weight spaces. Also, we express all simple Gelfand-Tsetlin sl(3)-modules as subquotionets of localized Gelfand-Tsetlin E_{21}-injective modules.
Let $\mathfrak{g}$ be a hyperbolic Kac-Moody algebra of rank $2$. We give a polyhedral realization of the crystal basis for the extremal weight module of extremal weight $λ$, where $λ$ is an integral weight whose Weyl group orbit has neither a dominant integral weight nor an antidominant integral weight.
Let $G$ be a simple algebraic group of type $E_6$ over an algebraically closed field of characteristic $p>0$. We determine the submodule structure of the Weyl modul es with highest weight $rω_1$ for $0\leq r\leq p-1$, where $ω_1$ is the fundamental weight of the standard $27$-dimensional module. In the process, the structures of other Weyl modules with highest weights linked to $rω_1$ are also found. %We also give some computations for the Weyl modules with highest weights %of the form $r(ω_1+ω_6)$, which arise in the study of %the graph automorphism and associated twisted finite groups.
Let $G$ be a simply connected simple algebraic group over an algebraically closed field $k$ of characteristic $p>0$. The category of rational $G$-modules is not semisimple. We consider the question of when the tensor product of two simple $G$-modules $L(λ)$ and $L(μ)$ is completely reducible. Using some technical results about weakly maximal vectors (i.e. maximal vectors for the action of the Frobenius kernel $G_1$ of $G$) in tensor products, we obtain a reduction to the case where the highest weights $λ$ and $μ$ are $p$-restricted. In this case, we also prove that $L(λ)\otimes L(μ)$ is comple…
In this paper, we give a new realization of crystal bases for irreducible highest weight modules over $U_q(G_2)$ in terms of monomials. We also discuss the natural connection between the monomial realization and tableau realization.
We give a general way of representing the crystal (base) corresponding to the intgrable highest weight modules of quantum Kac-Moody algebras, which is called polyhedral realizations. This is applied to describe explicitly the crystal bases of integrable highest weight modules for arbitrary rank 2 Kac-Moody algebra cases, the classical A_n-case and the affine A^{(1)}_{n-1}-case.
We present complete realization of irreducible $A_1 ^{(1)}$-modules at the critical level in the principal gradation. Our construction uses vertex algebraic techniques, the theory of twisted modules and representations of Lie conformal superalgebras. We also provide an alternative Z-algebra approach to this construction. All irreducible highest weight $A_1 ^{(1)}$-modules at the critical level are realized on the vector space $M_{\tfrac{1}{2} + \Bbb Z} (1) ^{\otimes 2}$ where $M_{\tfrac{1}{2} + \Bbb Z} (1) $ is the polynomial ring ${\Bbb C}[α(-1/2), α(-3/2), ...]$. Explicit combinatorial bases…
This paper is a review of results on generalized Harish-Chandra modules in the framework of cohomological induction. The main results, obtained during the last 10 years, concern the structure of the fundamental series of $(\mathfrak{g},\mathfrak{k})-$modules, where $\mathfrak{g}$ is a semisimple Lie algebra and $\mathfrak{k}$ is an arbitrary algebraic reductive in $\mathfrak{g}$ subalgebra. These results lead to a classification of simple $(\mathfrak{g},\mathfrak{k})-$modules of finite type with generic minimal $\mathfrak{k}-$types, which we state. We establish a new result about the Fernando-…
Let G be a simple, simply connected and connected algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p>0, and let V be a rational G-module such that dim V <= p. According to a result of Jantzen, V is completely reducible, and H^1(G,V)=0. In this paper we show that H^2(G,V) = 0 unless some composition factor of V is a non-trivial Frobenius twist of the adjoint representation of G.
We introduce a family of modules, called Markoff modules, generated by a cluster-mutation-like iterative process. We show that these modules are combinatorially similar to Christoffel words. Furthermore, we construct a bijective map between the set of Markoff module triples and the set of proper Markoff triples. This allows us to interpret the uniqueness conjecture for Markoff numbers within an algebraic framework.
The aim of the paper is to study modules for the twisted Heisenberg-Virasoro algebra $\mathcal H$ at level zero as modules for the $W(2,2)$-algebra by using construction from [J. Pure Appl. Algebra 219 (2015), 4322-4342, arXiv:1405.1707]. We prove that the irreducible highest weight ${\mathcal H}$-module is irreducible as $W(2,2)$-module if and only if it has a typical highest weight. Finally, we construct a screening operator acting on the Heisenberg-Virasoro vertex algebra whose kernel is exactly $W(2,2)$ vertex algebra.
This document contains tables with the classification of prehomogeneous modules for reductive algebraic groups with up to two simple factors due to Sato, Kimura and many others, as well as corresponding tables of the étale modules appearing in this list, determined by the author. It is intended as a convenient reference for examples of étale module for reductive algebraic group.
In this article are given explicit expressions for differential operators representing the action of any element of any Lie superalgebra g on a module induced or coinduced from an h-module V, where h is any subsuperalgebra of g. For the special case where g=g_+h, and g_ is a finite-dimensional subsuperalgebra of g, whose adjoint action on g is nilpotent, there is given a practical algorithm of calculation of this action. The program in C++ making the calculations for this case is also written.
We give an algebraic description of several modules and algebras related to the vector partition function, and we prove that they can be realized as the equivariant K-theory of some manifolds that have a nice combinatorial description. We also propose a more natural and general notion of duality between these modules, which corresponds to a Poincaré duality-type correspondence for equivariant K-theory.
In this paper, we show that the Dirac cohomology $H_{D}(L(λ))$ of a simple highest weight module $L(λ)$ in $\mathcal{O}^\mathfrak{p}$ can be parameterized by a specific set of weights: a subset $\mathcal{W}_I(λ)$ of the orbit of the Weyl group $W$ acting on $λ+ρ$. As an application, we show that any simple module in $\mathcal{O}^\mathfrak{p}$ is determined up to isomorphism by its Dirac cohomology. We describe four parameterizations of $H_D(L(λ))$ when $λ$ is regular. Two of these parameterizations are geometric in terms of a partial ordering on the dual of the Cartan subalgebra and a generali…
For a graph $E$, we introduce the notion of an extended $E$-algebraic branching system, generalising the notion of an $E$-algebraic branching system introduced by Gonçalves and Royer. We classify the extended $E$-algebraic branching systems and show that they induce modules for the corresponding Leavitt path algebra $L(E)$. Among these modules we find a class of nonsimple modules whose endomorphism rings are fields.
We construct a new class of algebras resembling enveloping algebras and generalizing orthogonal Gelfand-Zeitlin algebras and rational Galois algebras studied by [EMV,FuZ,RZ,Har]. The algebras are defined via a geometric realization in terms of sheaves of functions invariant under an action of a finite group. A natural class of modules over these algebra can be constructed via a similar geometric realization. In the special case of a local reflection group, these modules are shown to have an explicit basis, generalizing similar results for orthogonal Gelfand-Zeitlin algebras from [EMV] and for …
In this article an interpretation and a proof of some classical \\theorems in analysis on the integration of analytic vectors fields are derived from the algebraic method of realization of bialgebras which are constructed with the data of a linear application from a coalgebra into the algebra of right (or left) invariant operators on an approximated coalgebra. The results are obtained from these general algebraic construction and theorems by introducing the more restrictive notion of induced module. Then the associated envelopping bialgebra is defined and naturally belongs to the dual of the t…
Let G be a semisimple, simply-connected algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p > 0. We observe that the tensor product of the Steinberg module with a minuscule module is always indecomposable tilting. Although quite easy to prove, this fact does not seem to have been observed before. It has the following consequence: If p >= 2h-2 and a given tilting module has highest weight p-adically close to the r-th Steinberg weight, then the tilting module is isomorphic to a tensor product of two simple modules, usually in many ways.
We study distances on zigzag persistence modules from the viewpoint of derived categories and Auslander--Reiten quivers. The derived category of ordinary persistence modules is derived equivalent to that of arbitrary zigzag persistence modules, depending on a classical tilting module. Through this derived equivalence, we define and compute distances on the derived category of arbitrary zigzag persistence modules and prove an algebraic stability theorem. We also compare our distance with the distance for purely zigzag persistence modules introduced by Botnan--Lesnick and the sheaf-theoretic con…
By extending the methods used in our earlier work, in this paper, we present an explicit realization of logarithmic $\mathcal{W}_{p,p'$}-modules that have L(0) nilpotent rank three. This was achieved by combining the techniques developed in \cite{AdM-2009} with the theory of local systems of vertex operators \cite{LL}. In addition, we also construct a new type of extension of $\mathcal{W}_{p,p'}$, denoted by $\mathcal{V}$. Our results confirm several claims in the physics literature regarding the structure of projective covers of certain irreducible representations in the principal block. This…
Let G be a finite group and let p be a prime. A module for G over a field of characteristic p is called algebraic if it satisfies a polynomial, with addition and multiplication given by direct sum and tensor product. In some sense, having this property is equivalent to the tensor structure being 'nice' for that module. In this paper we prove that if G is a group with abelian Sylow 2-subgroups, and p=2, then all simple modules for G are algebraic. We include the conjecture that this result holds for all abelian 2-blocks.
Let $\tilde{\mathfrak{g}}$ be the affine Lie algebra of type $A_{2l}^{(2)}$. The integrable highest weight $\tilde{\mathfrak{g}}$-module $L(kΛ_0)$ called the standard $\tilde{\mathfrak{g}}$-module is realized by a tensor product of the twisted module $V_L^T$ for the lattice vertex operator algebra $V_L$. By using such vertex algebraic construction, we construct bases of the standard module, its principal subspace and the parafermionic space. As a consequence, we obtain their character formulas and settle the conjecture for vacuum modules stated in arXiv:math/0102113.
We classify the quasi-finite irreducible highest weight modules over the infinite rank Lie superalgebras $\hgltwo$, $\hC$ and $\hD$, and determine the necessary and sufficient conditions for quasi-finite irreducible highest weight modules to be unitarizable with respect to natural $\ast$-structures of the Lie superalgebras. The unitarizable irreducible modules are constructed in terms of Fock spaces of free quantum fields, and explicit formulae for their formal characters are also obtained by investigating Howe dualities between the infinite rank Lie superalgebras and classical Lie groups.
We investigate the free fields realization of the twisted Heisenberg-Virasoro algebra $\mathcal{H}$ at level zero. We completely describe the structure of the associated Fock representations. Using vertex-algebraic methods and screening operators we construct singular vectors in certain Verma modules as Schur polynomials. We completely solve the irreducibility problem for tensor product of irreducible highest weight modules with intermediate series. We also determine the fusion rules for an interesting subcategory of $\mathcal{H}$-modules. Finally, as an application we present a free field rea…
We construct certain boson type realizations of affine sl(n+1) that depend on a parameter r. When r=0 we get a Fock space realization of Imaginary Verma modules appearing in the work of the first author and when r=n they are the Wakimoto modules described in the work of Feigin and Frenkel.
In [8], the affine vertex algebra $L_k(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$ is realized as a subalgebra of the vertex algebra $Vir_c \otimes Π(0)$, where $Vir_c$ is a simple Virasoro vertex algebra and $Π(0)$ is a half-lattice vertex algebra. Moreover, all $L_k(\mathfrak{sl}_2)$--modules (including, modules in the category $KL_k$, relaxed highest weight modules and logarithmic modules) are realized as $Vir_c \otimes Π(0)$--modules. A natural question is the generalization of this construction in higher rank. In the current paper, we study the case $\mathfrak{g}= \mathfrak{sl}_3$ and present realization of the VO…
We study embeddings of the simple admissible affine vertex algebras $V_k(sl(2))$ and $V_k(osp(1,2))$, $k \notin {\Bbb Z}_{\ge 0}$, into the tensor product of rational Virasoro and $N=1$ Neveu-Schwarz vertex algebra with lattice vertex algebras. We prove that the admissible affine vertex algebra $V_k(sl(2))$ can be embedded into vertex algebra $L^{Vir} (c_{p,p'}, 0) \otimes Π(0)$ where $L^{Vir} (c_{p,p'}, 0) $ is suitable minimal Virasoro vertex algebra and $Π(0)$ is a vertex algebra of lattice type. By using these realizations we construct a family of weight, logarithmic and Whittaker $\wideha…
In an attempt to get some information on the multiplicative structure of the Green ring we study algebraic modules for simple groups, and associated groups such as quasisimple and almost-simple groups. We prove that, for almost all groups of Lie type in defining characteristic, the natural module is non-algebraic. For alternating and symmetric groups, we prove that the simple modules in $p$-blocks with defect groups of order $p^2$ are algebraic, for $p\leq 5$. Finally, we analyze nine sporadic groups, finding that all simple modules are algebraic for various primes and sporadic groups
We study the nonsymmetric Macdonald polynomials specialized at infinity from various points of view. First, we define a family of modules of the Iwahori algebra whose characters are equal to the nonsymmetric Macdonald polynomials specialized at infinity. Second, we show that these modules are isomorphic to the dual spaces of sections of certain sheaves on the semi-infinite Schubert varieties. Third, we prove that the global versions of these modules are homologically dual to the level one affine Demazure modules.
We construct vertex algebraic intertwining operators among certain generalized Verma modules for $\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}(2,\mathbb{C})}$ and calculate the corresponding fusion rules. Additionally, we show that under some conditions these intertwining operators descend to intertwining operators among one generalized Verma module and two (generally non-standard) irreducible modules. Our construction relies on the irreducibility of the maximal proper submodules of generalized Verma modules appearing in the Garland-Lepowsky resolutions of standard $\widehat{\mathfrak{sl}(2,\mathbb{C})}$-modules. W…
In this paper we give two realizations of the restricted Kostka polynomials for $\sl_2$. Firstly we identify the restricted Kostka polynomials with a characters of the zero homology of the current algebra with a coefficients in a certain modules. As a corollary we reobtain the alternating sum formula. Secondly we show that the restricted Kostka polynomials are a $q$-multiplicities of the decomposition of the certain integrable $\hat{\sl}_2$-modules to the irreducible components. This allows to write a kind of fermionic formula for the Virasoro unitary models.
Extending earlier work of the authors, this is the first in a series of papers devoted to the vertex-algebraic structure of principal subspaces of standard modules for twisted affine Kac-Moody algebras. In this part, we develop the necessary theory of principal subspaces for the affine Lie algebra A_2^{(2)}, which we expect can be extended to higher rank algebras. As a "test case," we consider the principal subspace of the basic A_2^{(2)}-module and explore its structure in depth.
Let G be a linear algebraic group over an algebraically closed field of characteristic p whose corresponding root system is irreducible. In this paper we calculate the Weyl filtration dimension of the induced G-modules, \nabla(λ) and the simple G-modules L(λ), for λa regular weight. We use this to calculate some Ext groups of the form Ext^*(\nabla(λ),Δ(μ)), Ext^*(L(λ),L(μ)), and Ext^*(\nabla(λ), \nabla(μ)), where λ, μare regular and Δ(μ) is the Weyl module of highest weight μ. We then deduce the projective dimensions and injective dimensions for L(λ), \nabla(λ) and Δ(λ) for λa regular weight i…
The polyhedral realizations for crystal bases of the integrable highest weight modules of $U_q(\mathfrak{g})$ have been introduced in ([T.Nakashima, J. Algebra, vol.219, no. 2, (1999)]), which describe the crystal bases as sets of lattice points in the infinite $\mathbb{Z}$-lattice $\mathbb{Z}^{\infty}$ given by some system of linear inequalities, where $\mathfrak{g}$ is a symmetrizable Kac-Moody Lie algebra. To construct the polyhedral realization, we need to fix an infinite sequence $ι$ from the indices of the simple roots. If the pair ($ι$,$λ$) ($λ$: a dominant integral weight) satisfies th…
We obtain a presentation of principal subspaces of basic modules for the twisted affine Kac-Moody Lie algebras of type $A_{2n-1}^{(2)}$, $D_n^{(2)}$ and $E_6^{(2)}$. Using this presentation, we construct exact sequences among these principal subspaces, and use these exact sequences to obtain recursions satisfied by graded dimensions of the principal subspaces. Solving these recursions, we obtain the graded dimensions of the principal subspaces.
