The lattice cell in the ${i+1}^{st}$ row and ${j+1}^{st}$ column of the positive quadrant of the plane is denoted $(i,j)$. If $μ$ is a partition of $n+1$, we denote by $μ/ij$ the diagram obtained by removing the cell $(i,j)$ from the (French) Ferrers diagram of $μ$. We set $Δ_{μ/ij}=\det \| x_i^{p_j}y_i^{q_j} \|_{i,j=1}^n$, where $(p_1,q_1),... ,(p_n,q_n)$ are the cells of $μ/ij$, and let ${\bf M}_{μ/ij}$ be the linear span of the partial derivatives of $Δ_{μ/ij}$. The bihomogeneity of $Δ_{μ/ij}$ and its alternating nature under the diagonal action of $S_n$ gives ${\bf M}_{μ/ij}$ the structure of a bigraded $S_n$-module. We conjecture that ${\bf M}_{μ/ij}$ is always a direct sum of $k$ left regular representations of $S_n$, where $k$ is the number of cells that are weakly north and east of $(i,j)$ in $μ$. We also make a number of conjectures describing the precise nature of the bivariate Frobenius characteristic of ${\bf M}_{μ/ij}$ in terms of the theory of Macdonald polynomials. On the validity of these conjectures, we derive a number of surprising identities. In particular, we obtain a representation theoretical interpretation of the coefficients appearing in some Macdonald Pieri Rules.
The Pieri rule is an important theorem which explains how the operators e_k of multiplication by elementary symmetric functions act in the basis of Schur functions s_lambda. In this paper, for any rational number m/n, we study the relationship between the rational version e_k^{m/n} of the operators (given by the elliptic Hall algebra) and the "rational" version s_lambda^{m/n} of the basis (given by the Maulik-Okounkov stable basis construction)
The classical Pieri formula gives a combinatorial rule for decomposing the product of a Schur function and a complete homogeneous symmetric polynomial as a linear combination of Schur functions with integer coefficients. We give a Pieri rule for describing the product of an orthosymplectic character and an orthosymplectic character arising from a one-row partition. We establish that the orthosymplectic Pieri rule coincides with Sundaram's Pieri rule for symplectic characters and that orthosymplectic characters and symplectic characters obey the same product rule.
We introduce an algorithm to describe Pieri's Rule for multiplication of Schubert polynomials. The algorithm uses tower diagrams introduced by the authors and another new algorithm that describes Monk's Rule. Our result is different from the well-known descriptions (and proofs) of the rule by Bergeron-Billey and Kogan-Kumar and uses Sottile's version of Pieri's Rule.
We present Pieri rules for the Jack polynomials in superspace. The coefficients in the Pieri rules are, except for an extra determinant, products of quotients of linear factors in $α$ (expressed, as in the usual Jack polynomial case, in terms of certain hook-lengths in a Ferrers' diagram). We show that, surprisingly, the extra determinant is related to the partition function of the 6-vertex model. We give, as a conjecture, the Pieri rules for the Macdonald polynomials in superspace.
In this note we derive skew Pieri rules in the spirit of Assaf-McNamara for skew quasisymmetric Schur functions using the Hopf algebraic techniques of Lam-Lauve-Sottile, and recover the original rules of Assaf-McNamara as a special case. We then apply these techniques a second time to obtain skew Pieri rules for skew noncommutative Schur functions.
In a recent paper Konvalinka and Lauve proved several skew Pieri rules for Hall-Littlewood polynomials. In this note we show that q-analogues of these rules are encoded in a q-binomial theorem for Macdonald polynomials due to Lascoux and the author.
We give an explanation for the Pieri coefficients for the stable and dual stable Grothendieck polynomials; their non-leading terms are obtained by taking an alternating sum of meets (or joins) of their leading terms.
We prove the affine Pieri rule for the cohomology of the affine flag variety conjectured by Lam, Lapointe, Morse and Shimozono. We study the cap operator on the affine nilHecke ring that is motivated by Kostant and Kumar's work on the equivariant cohomology of the affine flag variety. We show that the cap operators for Pieri elements are the same as Pieri operators defined by Berg, Saliola and Serrano. This establishes the affine Pieri rule.
We give a Pieri rule for the torus-equivariant cohomology of (submaximal) Grassmannians of Lie types B, C, and D. To the authors' best knowledge, our rule is the first manifestly positive formula, beyond the equivariant Chevalley formula. We also give a simple proof of the equivariant Pieri rule for the ordinary (type A) Grassmannian.
The immaculate basis of the non-commutative symmetric functions was recently introduced by the first and third author to lift certain structures in the symmetric functions to the dual Hopf algebras of the non-commutative and quasi-symmetric functions. It was shown that immaculate basis satisfies a positive, multiplicity free right Pieri rule. It was conjectured that the left Pieri rule may contain signs but that it would be multiplicity free. Similarly, it was also conjectured that the dual quasi-symmetric basis would also satisfy a signed multiplicity free Pieri rule. We prove these two conje…
The Schur functions in superspace $s_Λ$ and $\bar s_Λ$ are the limits $q=t=0$ and $q=t=\infty$ respectively of the Macdonald polynomials in superspace. We prove Pieri rules for the bases $s_Λ$ and $\bar s_Λ$ (which happen to be essentially dual). As a consequence, we derive the basic properties of these bases such as dualities, monomial expansions, and tableaux generating functions.
In their 1987 paper Kraśkiewicz and Pragacz defined certain modules, which we call KP modules, over the upper triangular Lie algebra whose characters are Schubert polynomials. In a previous work the author showed that the tensor product of KP modules always has a KP filtration, i.e. a filtration whose each successive quotients are isomorphic to KP modules. In this paper we explicitly construct such filtrations for certain special cases of these tensor product modules, namely $\mathcal{S}_w \otimes S^d(K^i)$ and $\mathcal{S}_w \otimes \bigwedge^d(K^i)$, corresponding to Pieri and dual Pieri rul…
We use geometry to give a short proof of an equivariant Pieri rule in the classical flag manifold. This rule is due to Robinson, who gave an algebraic proof.
We present several equinumerous results between generalized oscillating tableaux and semistandard tableaux and give a representation-theoretical proof to them. As one of the key ingredients of the proof, we provide Pieri rules for the symplectic and orthogonal groups.
The Pieri rule expresses the product of a Schur function and a single row Schur function in terms of Schur functions. We extend the classical Pieri rule by expressing the product of a skew Schur function and a single row Schur function in terms of skew Schur functions. Like the classical rule, our rule involves simple additions of boxes to the original skew shape. Our proof is purely combinatorial and extends the combinatorial proof of the classical case.
We give quantum Pieri rules for quantum cohomology of Grassmannians of classical types, expressing the quantum product of Chern classes of the tautological subbundles with general cohomology classes. We derive them by showing the relevant genus zero, three-pointed Gromov-Witten invariants coincide with certain classical intersection numbers.
An explicit rule is given for the product of the degree two class with an arbitrary Schubert class in the torus-equivariant homology of the affine Grassmannian. In addition a Pieri rule (the Schubert expansion of the product of a special Schubert class with an arbitrary one) is established for the equivariant homology of the affine Grassmannians of SL_n and a similar formula is conjectured for Sp_{2n} and SO_{2n+1}. For SL_n the formula is explicit and positive. By a theorem of Peterson these compute certain products of Schubert classes in the torus-equivariant quantum cohomology of flag varie…
The Pieri rule is a nonnegative, multiplicity-free formula for the Schur function expansion of the product of an arbitrary Schur function with a single row Schur function. Key polynomials are characters of Demazure modules for the general linear group that generalize the Schur function basis of symmetric functions to a basis of the full polynomial ring. We prove a nonsymmetric generalization of the Pieri rule by giving a cancellation-free, multiplicity-free formula for the key polynomial expansion of the product of an arbitrary key polynomial with a single part key polynomial. Our proof is com…
We give a backward jeu de taquin slide analogue on semistandard reverse composition tableaux. These tableaux were first studied by Haglund, Luoto, Mason and van Willigenburg when defining quasisymmetric Schur functions. Our algorithm for performing backward jeu de taquin slides on semistandard reverse composition tableaux results in a natural operator on compositions that we call the jdt operator. This operator in turn gives rise to a new poset structure on compositions whose maximal chains we enumerate. As an application, we also give a noncommutative Pieri rule for noncommutative Schur funct…
We develop Pieri type as well as Murnaghan--Nakayama type formulas for equivariant Chern--Schwartz--MacPherson classes of Schubert cells in the classical flag variety. These formulas include as special cases many previously known multiplication formulas for Chern--Schwartz--MacPherson classes or Schubert classes. We apply the equivariant Murnaghan--Nakayama formula to the enumeration of rim hook tableaux.
We produce skew Pieri Rules for Hall--Littlewood functions in the spirit of Assaf and McNamara. The first two were conjectured by the first author. The key ingredients in the proofs are a q-binomial identity for skew partitions and a Hopf algebraic identity that expands products of skew elements in terms of the coproduct and the antipode.
A fundamental problem in the representation theory of the symmetric group, Sn, is to describe the coefficients in the decomposition of a tensor product of two simple representations. These coefficients are known in the literature as the Kronecker coefficients. The Littlewood--Richardson coefficients appear as an important subfamily of the wider class of stable Kronecker coefficients. This subfamily of coefficients can be calculated using a tableaux counting algorithm known as the Littlewood--Richardson rule. This paper generalises one half of this rule (the "co-Pieri" rule) to the the wider fa…
We prove Pieri formulas for the multiplication with special Schubert classes in the K-theory of all cominuscule Grassmannians. For Grassmannians of type A this gives a new proof of a formula of Lenart. Our formula is new for Lagrangian Grassmannians, and for orthogonal Grassmannians it proves a special case of a conjectural Littlewood-Richardson rule of Thomas and Yong. Recent work of Thomas and Yong and of E. Clifford has shown that the full Littlewood-Richardson rule for orthogonal Grassmannians follows from the Pieri case proved here. We describe the K-theoretic Pieri coefficients both as i…
The quantum cohomology ring of the Grassmannian is determined by the quantum Pieri rule for multiplying by Schubert classes indexed by row or column-shaped partitions. We provide a direct equivariant generalization of Postnikov's quantum Pieri rule for the Grassmannian in terms of cylindric shapes, complementing related work of Gorbounov and Korff in quantum integrable systems. The equivariant terms in our Graham-positive rule simply encode the positions of all possible addable boxes within one cylindric skew diagram. As such, unlike the earlier equivariant quantum Pieri rule of Huang and Li a…
In a seminal paper Richard Stanley derived Pieri rules for the Jack symmetric function basis. These rules were extended by Macdonald to his now famous symmetric function basis. The original form of these rules had a forbidding complexity that made them difficult to use in explicit calculations. In the early 90's it was discovered that, due to massive cancellations, the dual rule, which expresses skewing by $e_1$ the modified Macdonald polynomial ${\tilde H}_μ[X;q,t]$, can be given a very simple combinatorial form in terms of corner weights of the Ferrers' diagram of $μ$. A similar formula was …
New graded modules for the current algebra of $\mathfrak{sl}_n$ are introduced. Relating these modules to the fusion product of simple $\mathfrak{sl}_n$-modules and local Weyl modules of truncated current algebras shows their expected impact on several outstanding conjectures. We further generalize results on PBW filtrations of simple $\mathfrak{sl}_n$-modules and use them to provide decomposition formulas for these new modules in important cases.
We establish the formula for multiplication by the class of a special Schubert variety in the integral cohomology ring of the flag manifold. This formula also describes the multiplication of a Schubert polynomial by either an elementary symmetric polynomial or a complete homogeneous symmetric polynomial. Thus, we generalize the classical Pieri's rule for symmetric polynomials/Grassmann varieties to Schubert polynomials/flag manifolds. Our primary technique is an explicit geometric description of certain intersections of Schubert varieties. This method allows us to compute additional structure …
Schur superpolynomials have been introduced recently as limiting cases of the Macdonald superpolynomials. It turns out that there are two natural super-extensions of the Schur polynomials: in the limit $q=t=0$ and $q=t\rightarrow\infty$, corresponding respectively to the Schur superpolynomials and their dual. However, a direct definition is missing. Here, we present a conjectural combinatorial definition for both of them, each being formulated in terms of a distinct extension of semi-standard tableaux. These two formulations are linked by another conjectural result, the Pieri rule for the Schu…
We use Young's raising operators to derive a Pieri rule for the ring generated by the indeterminates $h_{r,s}$ given in Macdonald's 9th Variation of the Schur functions. Under an appropriate specialisation of $h_{r,s}$, we derive the Pieri rule for the ring $\La(a)$ of double symmetric functions, which has a basis consisting of the double Schur functions. Together with a suitable interpretation of the Jacobi--Trudi identity, our Pieri rule allows us to obtain a new proof of a rule to calculate the Littlewood--Richardson polynomials, which gives a multiplication rule for the double Schur functi…
We study combinatorial aspects of the Schubert calculus of the affine Grassmannian Gr associated with SL(n,C). Our main results are: 1) Pieri rules for the Schubert bases of H^*(Gr) and H_*(Gr), which expresses the product of a special Schubert class and an arbitrary Schubert class in terms of Schubert classes. 2) A new combinatorial definition for k-Schur functions, which represent the Schubert basis of H_*(Gr). 3) A combinatorial interpretation of the pairing between homology and cohomology of the affine Grassmannian. These results are obtained by interpreting the Schubert bases of Gr combin…
Young's lattice, the lattice of all Young diagrams, has the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth correspondence, the correspondence between certain matrices and pairs of semi-standard Young tableaux with the same shape. Fomin introduced generalized Schur operators to generalize the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth correspondence. In this sense, generalized Schur operators are generalizations of semi-standard Young tableaux. We define a generalization of Schur polynomials as expansion coefficients of generalized Schur operators. We show that the commutating relation of generalized Schur operators implies Pieri's f…
By establishing relations between operators on compositions, we show that the posets of compositions arising from the right and left Pieri rules for noncommutative Schur functions can each be endowed with both the structure of dual graded graphs and dual filtered graphs when paired with the poset of compositions arising from the Pieri rules for quasisymmetric Schur functions and its deformation.
We propose a new formulation of Hall polynomials in terms of honeycombs, which were previously introduced in the context of the Littlewood--Richardson rule. We prove a Pieri rule and associativity for our honeycomb formula, thus showing equality with Hall polynomials. Our proofs are linear algebraic in nature, extending nontrivially the corresponding bijective results for ordinary Littlewood--Richardson coefficients [A. Knutson, T. Tao, C. Woodward, 2004].
A one-parameter generalisation R_λ(X;b) of the symmetric Macdonald polynomials and interpolations Macdonald polynomials is studied from the point of view of branching rules. We establish a Pieri formula, evaluation symmetry, principal specialisation formula and q-difference equation for R_λ(X;b). We also prove a new multiple q-Gauss summation formula and several further results for sl_n basic hypergeometric series based on R_λ(X;b).
We introduce a new basis for quasisymmetric functions, which arise from a specialization of nonsymmetric Macdonald polynomials to standard bases, also known as Demazure atoms. Our new basis is called the basis of quasisymmetric Schur functions, since the basis elements refine Schur functions in a natural way. We derive expansions for quasisymmetric Schur functions in terms of monomial and fundamental quasisymmetric functions, which give rise to quasisymmetric refinements of Kostka numbers and standard (reverse) tableaux. From here we derive a Pieri rule for quasisymmetric Schur functions that …
We study the Young graph with edge multiplicities arising in a Pieri-type formula for Jack symmetric polynomials $P_μ(x;a)$ with a parameter $a$. Starting with the empty diagram, we define recurrently the `dimensions' $\dim_a$ in the same way as for the Young lattice or Pascal triangle. New proofs are given for two known results. The first is the $a$-hook formula for $\dim_a$, first found by R.Stanley. Secondly, we prove (for all complex $u$ and $v$) a generalization of the identity $\sumν(c(b)+u)(c(b)+v)\dimν/\dimμ=(n+1)(n+uv)$, where $ν$ runs over immediate successors of a Young diagram $μ$ …
We present a proof of a Littlewood-Richardson rule for the K-theory of odd orthogonal Grassmannians OG(n,2n+1), as conjectured in [Thomas-Yong '09]. Specifically, we prove that rectification using the jeu de taquin for increasing shifted tableaux introduced there, is well-defined and gives rise to an associative product. Recently, [Buch-Ravikumar '09] proved a Pieri rule for OG(n,2n+1) that [Feigenbaum-Sergel '09] showed confirms a special case of the conjecture. Together, these results imply the aforementioned conjecture.
We study the Gnedin-Kingman graph, which corresponds to Pieri's rule for the monomial basis $\{M_λ\}$ in the algebra $\mathrm{QSym}$ of quasisymmetric functions. The paper contains a detailed announcement of results concerning the classification of indecomposable semifinite harmonic functions on the Gnedin-Kingman graph. For these functions, we also establish a multiplicativity property, which is an analog of the Vershik-Kerov ring theorem.
We give a new description of the Pieri rule for k-Schur functions using the Bruhat order on the affine type-A Weyl group. In doing so, we prove a new combinatorial formula for representatives of the Schubert classes for the cohomology of affine Grassmannians. We show how new combinatorics involved in our formulas gives the Kostka-Foulkes polynomials and discuss how this can be applied to study the transition matrices between Hall-Littlewood and k-Schur functions.
We study root-theoretic Young diagrams to investigate the existence of a Lie-type uniform and nonnegative combinatorial rule for Schubert calculus. We provide formulas for (co)adjoint varieties of classical Lie type. This is a simplest case after the (co)minuscule family (where a rule has been proved by H.Thomas and the second author using work of R.Proctor). Our results build on earlier Pieri-type rules of P.Pragacz-J.Ratajski and of A.Buch-A.Kresch-H.Tamvakis. Specifically, our formula for OG(2,2n) is the first complete rule for a case where diagrams are non-planar. Yet the formulas possess …
It is well-known that the representation theory of the finite group of unipotent upper-triangular matrices $U_n$ over a finite field is a wild problem. By instead considering approximately irreducible representations (supercharacters), one obtains a rich combinatorial theory analogous to that of the symmetric group, where we replace partition combinatorics with set-partitions. This paper studies the supercharacter theory of a family of subgroups that interpolate between $U_{n-1}$ and $U_n$. We supply several combinatorial indexing sets for the supercharacters, supercharacter formulas for these…
Lascoux polynomials are $K$-theoretic analogues of the key polynomials. They both have combinatorial formulas involving tableaux: reverse set-valued tableaux ($\mathsf{RSVT}$) rule for Lascoux polynomials and reverse semistandard Young tableaux ($\mathsf{RSSYT}$) rule for key polynomials. Furthermore, key polynomials have a simple algorithmic model in terms of Kohnert diagrams, which are in bijection with $\mathsf{RSSYT}$. Ross and Yong introduced $K$-Kohnert diagrams, which are analogues of Kohnert diagrams. They conjectured a $K$-Kohnert diagram rule for Lascoux polynomials. We establish thi…
