Universal in (< lambda)-stable abelian group

Kulikov's problem on universal torsion-free abelian groups

Let T be an abelian group and lambda an uncountable regular cardinal. We consider the question of whether there is a lambda-universal group G^* among all torsion-free abelian groups G of cardinality less than or equal to lambda satisfying Ext(G,T)=0. Here G^* is said to be lambda-universal for T if, whenever a torsion-free abelian group G of cardinality less than or equal to lambda satisfies Ext(G,T)=0, then there is an embedding of G into G^*. For large classes of abelian groups T and cardinals lambda it is shown that the answer is consistently no. In particular, for T torsion, this solves a …

Canonical universal locally finite groups

We prove that for lambda = beta_omega or just lambda strong limit singular of cofinality aleph_0, if there is a universal member in the class K^lf_lambda of locally finite groups of cardinality lambda, then there is a canonical one (parallel to special models for elementary classes, which is the replacement of universal homogeneous ones and saturated ones in cardinals lambda = lambda^ < lambda). For this, we rely on the existence of enough indecomposable such groups, as proved in "Density of indecomposable locally finite groups". We also more generally deal with the existence of universal memb…

Uniquely Transitive Torsion-free Abelian Groups

We will answer a question raised by Emmanuel Dror Farjoun concerning the existence of torsion-free abelian groups G such that for any ordered pair of pure elements there is a unique automorphism mapping the first element onto the second one. We will show the existence of such a group of cardinality lambda for any successor cardinal lambda=mu^+ with mu=mu^{aleph_0}.

Existence of almost free abelian groups and reflection of stationary set

section 2: We answer a question of Mekler Eklof on the closure operations of the incompactness spectrum. We answer a question of Foreman and Magidor on reflection of stationary subsets of S_{< aleph_2}(lambda) = {a subseteq lambda : |a| < aleph_2}]. section 3 - NPT is not transitive. We prove NPT(lambda, mu) + NPT(mu, kappa) not => NPT(lambda, kappa)

Abstract classes with few models have `homogeneous-universal' models

This paper is concerned with a class K of models and an abstract notion of submodel <=. Experience in first order model theory has shown the desirability of finding a `monster model' to serve as a universal domain for K. In the original constructions of Jonsson and Fraisse, K was a universal class and ordinary substructure played the role of <=. Working with a cardinal lambda satisfying lambda^{< lambda}= lambda guarantees appropriate downward Lowenheim-Skolem theorems; the existence and uniqueness of a homogeneous-universal model appears to depend centrally on the amalgamation property. We ma…

On universal and epi-universal locally nilpotent groups

In this paper we mainly consider the class LN of all locally nilpotent groups. We first show that there is no universal group in LN_lambda if lambda is a cardinal such that lambda = lambda^{aleph_0}; here we call a group G universal (in LN_lambda) if any group H in LN_lambda can be embedded into G where LN_lambda denotes the class of all locally nilpotent groups of cardinality at most lambda. However, our main interest is the construction of torsion-free epi-universal groups in LN_lambda, where G in LN_lambda is said to be epi-universal if any group H in LN_lambda is an epimorphic image of G. …

Indecomposable explicit abelian group

(withdrawn.) For every lambda we give an explicit construction of an Abelian group with no non-trivial automorphisms. In particular the group absolutely has no non-trivial automorphisms, hence is absolutely indecomposable. Earlier we knew a stronger existence theorem but only up to a quite large cardinal which was a necessary restriction. In another direction the construction does not use the axiom of choice.

Universality among the graph omitting a complete bipartite graph

For cardinals lambda, kappa, theta we consider the class of graphs of cardinality lambda which has no subgraph which is (kappa, theta)-complete bipartite graph. The question is whether in such a class there is a universal one under (weak) embedding. We solve this problem completely under GCH. Under various assumptions mostly related to cardinal arithmetic we prove nonexistence of universals for this problem and some related ones.

On the existence of rigid aleph_1-free abelian groups of cardinality aleph_1

An abelian group is said to be aleph_1-free if all its countable subgroups are free. Our main result is: If R is a ring with R^+ free and |R|<lambda <= 2^{aleph_0}, then there exists an aleph_1-free abelian group G of cardinality lambda with End(G)=R . A corollary to this theorem is: Indecomposable aleph_1-free abelian groups of cardinality aleph_1 do exist.

A note on kappa-freeness

In this short note we show that if lambda>aleph_1 is regular and lambda is not the successor of a singular cardinal of cofinality aleph_0, and G is a lambda-free abelian group of size lambda, then there is a free group G' subseteq G of size lambda.

Universal abelian groups

We examine the existence of universal elements in classes of infinite abelian groups. The main method is using group invariants which are defined relative to club guessing sequences. We prove, for example: Theorem: For $n\ge 2$, there is a purely universal separable $p$-group in $\aleph_n$ if, and only if, $\cont\le \aleph_n$.

Almost free groups and Ehrenfeucht-Fra\"ıssé games for successors of singular cardinals

We strengthen non-structure theorems for almost free Abelian groups by studying long Ehrenfeucht-Fraisse games between a fixed group of cardinality lambda and a free Abelian group. A group is called epsilon-game-free if the isomorphism player has a winning strategy in the game (of the described form) of length epsilon in lambda. We prove for a large set of successor cardinals lambda=mu^+ existence of nonfree (mu*omega_1)-game-free groups of cardinality lambda. We concentrate on successors of singular cardinals.

A countable universal torsion abelian group for purity

We show that there is a countable universal abelian p-group for purity, i.e., a countable abelian p-group $U$ such that every countable abelian p-group purely embeds in $U$. This is the last result needed to provide a complete solution to Problem 5.1 of [Fuc15] below $\aleph_ω$. We introduce $\aleph_0$-strongly homogeneous p-groups, show that there is a universal abelian p-group for purity which is $\aleph_0$-strongly homogeneous, and completely characterize the countable $\aleph_0$-strongly homogeneous p-groups.

On regular reduced products

Assume <aleph_0,aleph_1>-><lambda,lambda^+>. Assume M is a model of a first order theory T of cardinality at most lambda^+ in a vocabulary L(T) of cardinality <= lambda . Let N be a model with the same vocabulary. Let Delta be a set of first order formulas in L(T) and let D be a regular filter on lambda. Then M is Delta-embeddable into the reduced power N^lambda/D, provided that every Delta-existential formula true in M is true also in N. We obtain the following corollary: for M as above and D a regular ultrafilter over lambda, M^lambda/D is lambda^{++}-universal. Our second result is as follo…

On a universality property of some abelian Polish groups

We show that every abelian Polish group is the topological factor-group of a closed subgroup of the full unitary group of a separable Hilbert space with the strong operator topology. It follows that all orbit equivalence relations induced by abelian Polish group actions are Borel reducible to some orbit equivalence relations induced by actions of the unitary group.

Universal and ultrahomogeneous abelian Polish metric group

We use Fra\" iss\' e theoretic methods to construct a universal and ultrahomogeneous abelian separable metric group. We show that such a group is a universal abelian Polish group, thus we provide another proof of a result already discovered by Shkarin. We then construct universal and ultrahomogeneous abelian periodic metric groups with bounded exponents; it follows that these groups are also universal objects for the corresponding classes of abelian Polish groups.

Non-existence of universals for classes like reduced torsion free abelian groups under embeddings which are not necessarily pure

We consider a class K of structures e.g. trees with omega +1 levels, metric spaces and mainly, classes of Abelian groups like the one mentioned in the title and the class of reduced separable (Abelian) p-groups. We say M in K is universal for K if any member N of K of cardinality not bigger than the cardinality of M can be embedded into M . This is a natural, often raised, problem. We try to draw consequences of cardinal arithmetic to non-existence of universal members for such natural classes.

Metrically universal abelian groups

We give a positive answer to the question of Shkarin (\emph{On universal abelian topological groups}, Mat. Sb. 190 (1999), no. 7, 127-144) whether there exists a metrically universal abelian separable group equipped with invariant metric. Our construction also gives an example of a group structure on the Urysohn universal space that is substantially different from the previously known examples. Under some cardinal arithmetic assumptions, our results generalize to higher cardinalities.

PCF and Abelian Groups

We deal with some pcf investigations mostly motivated by abelian group theory problems and deal their applications to test problems (we expect reasonably wide applications). We prove almost always the existence of aleph_omega-free abelian groups with trivial dual, i.e. no non-trivial homomorphisms to the integers. This relies on investigation of pcf; more specifically, for this we prove that "almost always" there are F subseteq lambda^kappa which are quite free and has black boxes. The "almost always" means that there are strong restrictions on cardinal arithmetic if the universe fails this, t…

It is consistent with ZFC that B_1-groups are not B_2-groups

A torsion-free abelian group B of arbitrary rank is called a B_1-group if Bext^1(B,T)=0 for every torsion abelian group T, where Bext^1 denotes the group of equivalence classes of all balanced exact extensions of T by B. It is a long-standing problem whether or not the class of B_1-groups coincides with the class of B_2-groups. A torsion-free abelian group B is called a B_2-group if there exists a continuous well-ordered ascending chain of pure subgroups, 0=B_0 subset B_1 subset ... subset B_alpha subset ... subset B_lambda =B=bigcup_{alpha in lambda} B_alpha such that B_{alpha+1}=B_alpha+G_al…

Almost-free E-rings of cardinality aleph_1

An E-ring is a unital ring R such that every endomorphism of the underlying abelian group R^+ is multiplication by some ring-element. The existence of almost-free E-rings of cardinality greater than 2^{aleph_0} is undecidable in ZFC. While they exist in Goedel's universe, they do not exist in other models of set theory. For a regular cardinal aleph_1 <= lambda <= 2^{aleph_0} we construct E-rings of cardinality lambda in ZFC which have aleph_1-free additive structure. For lambda = aleph_1 we therefore obtain the existence of almost-free E-rings of cardinality aleph_1 in ZFC.

Local André-Oort conjecture for the universal abelian variety

We prove a $p$-adic analogue of the André-Oort conjecture for subvarieties of the universal abelian varieties containing a dense set of special points. Let $g$ and $n$ be integers with $n \geq 3$ and $p$ a prime number not dividing $n$. Let $R$ be a finite extension of $W[{\mathbb F}_p^{\mathrm alg}]$, the ring of Witt vectors of the algebraic closure of the field of $p$ elements. The moduli space $\cA = \cA_{g,1,n}$ of $g$-dimensional principally polarized abelian varieties with full level $n$-structure as well as the universal abelian variety $π:\cX \to \cA$ over $\cA$ may be defined over $R…

阿贝尔群的通用同构类

Generic isomorphism classes of abelian groups

本文证明了万有螺线管是贝尔范畴意义下通用的连通紧致可度量化阿贝尔群，并通过对偶得到$(\mathbb{Q},+)$是通用的可数无限无挠阿贝尔群。