We characterize the smallest finite spaces with the same homotopy groups of the spheres. Similarly, we describe the minimal finite models of any finite graph. We also develop new combinatorial techniques based on finite spaces to study classical invariants of general topological spaces.
Quillen showed that simplicial sets form a model category (with appropriate choices of three classes of morphisms), which organized the homotopy theory of simplicial sets. His proof is very difficult and uses even the classification theory of principal bundles. Thus, Goerss-Jardine appealed to topological methods for the verification. In this paper we give a new proof of this organizing theorem of simplicial homotopy theory which is elementary in the sense that it does not use the classifying theory of principal bundles or appeal to topological methods.
We prove the existence of minimal models a la Sullivan for operads with non-trivial arity zero. So, up to homotopy algebras with strict units are just operad algebras over these minimal models. As an application we give another proof of the formality of the unitary n-little disks operad over the rationals.
This article explains and extends semialgebraic homotopy theory (developed by H. Delfs and M. Knebusch) to o-minimal homotopy theory (over a field). The homotopy category of definable CW-complexes is equivalent to the homotopy category of topological CW-complexes (with continuous mappings). If the theory of the o-minimal expansion of a field is bounded, then these categories are equivalent to the homotopy category of weakly definable spaces. Similar facts hold for decreasing systems of spaces. As a result, generalized homology and cohomology theories on pointed weak polytopes uniquely correspo…
We prove that homotopy invariants of finite degree distinguish homotopy classes of maps of a connected compact CW-complex to a nilpotent connected CW-complex with finitely generated homotopy groups.
We develop an obstruction theory for homotopy of homomorphisms f,g : M -> N between minimal differential graded algebras. We assume that M = Lambda V has an obstruction decomposition given by V = V_0 oplus V_1 and that f and g are homotopic on Lambda V_0. An obstruction is then obtained as a vector space homomorphism V_1 -> H^*(N). We investigate the relationship between the condition that f and g are homotopic and the condition that the obstruction is zero. The obstruction theory is then applied to study the set of homotopy classes [M, N]. This enables us to give a fairly complete answer to a…
We study the asymptotic behavior of the homotopy groups of simply connected finite $p$-local complexes, and define a space to be locally hyperbolic if its homotopy groups have exponential growth. Under some certain conditions related to the functorial decomposition of loop suspension, we prove that the suspended finite complexes are locally hyperbolic if suitable but accessible information of the homotopy groups is known. In particular, we prove that Moore spaces are locally hyperbolic, and other candidates are also given.
In this short note, we provide a calculation of the Euler characteristic of a finite homotopy colimit of finite cell complexes, which depends only on the Euler characteristics of each space and resembles Mobius inversion. Versions of the result are known when the colimit is indexed by a finite category, but the behavior is more uniform when we index by finite quasicategories instead. The formula simultaneously generalizes the additive formula for Euler characteristic of a homotopy pushout and the multiplicative formula for Euler characteristic of a fiber bundle.
This paper is a generalization of arXiv:0810.0808. We develop the de Rham homotopy theory of not necessarily nilpotent spaces, using closed dg-categories and equivariant dg-algebras. We see these two algebraic objects correspond in a certain way. We prove an equivalence between the homotopy category of schematic homotopy types and a homotopy category of closed dg-categories. We give a description of homotopy invariants of spaces in terms of minimal models. The minimal model in this context behaves much like the Sullivan's minimal model. We also provide some examples. We prove an equivalence be…
We study the homotopical minimal periods for maps on infra-solvmanifolds of type (R) using the density of the homotopical minimal period set in the natural numbers. This extends the result of [10] from flat manifolds to infra-solvmanifolds of type (R). Applying our main result we will list all possible maps on infra-solvmanifolds up to dimension three for which the corresponding density is positive.
We show that the rational homotopy type of the complement of a toric arrangement is completely determined by two sets of combinatorial data. This is obtained by introducing a differential graded algebra over Q whose minimal model is equivalent to the Sullivan minimal model of the arrangement.
In this paper, we show that for every non-nilpotent hyperbolic map $f$ on an infra-nilmanifold, the $\textrm{HPer}(f)$ is cofinite in $\mathbb{N}$. This generalizes a similar result for expanding maps. Moreover, we prove that for every nilpotent map $f$ on an infra-nilmanifold, $\textrm{HPer}(f)=\{1\}$.
We develop the basic theory of Maurer-Cartan simplicial sets associated to (shifted complete) $L_\infty$ algebras equipped with the action of a finite group. Our main result asserts that the inclusion of the fixed points of this equivariant simplicial set into the homotopy fixed points is a homotopy equivalence of Kan complexes, provided the $L_\infty$ algebra is concentrated in non-negative degrees. As an application, and under certain connectivity assumptions, we provide rational algebraic models of the fixed and homotopy fixed points of mapping spaces equipped with the action of a finite gr…
We extend the homotopy theories based on point reduction for finite spaces and simplicial complexes to finite acyclic categories and $Δ$-complexes, respectively. The functors of classifying spaces and face posets are compatible with these homotopy theories. In contrast with the classical settings of finite spaces and simplicial complexes, the universality of morphisms and simplices plays a central role in this paper.
Multi-sorted algebraic theories provide a formalism for describing various structures on spaces that are of interest in homotopy theory. The results of Badzioch and Bergner showed that an interesting feature of this formalism is the following rigidification property. Every multi-sorted algebraic theory defines a category of homotopy algebras, i.e. a category of spaces equipped with certain structure that is to some extent homotopy invariant. Each such homotopy algebra can be replaced by a weakly equivalent strict algebra which is a purely algebraic structure on a space. The equivalence between…
We give a classification of minimal algebras generated in degree 1, defined over any field $\bk$ of characteristic different from 2, up to dimension 6. This recovers the classification of nilpotent Lie algebras over $\bk$ up to dimension 6. In the case of a field $\bk$ of characteristic zero, we obtain the classification of nilmanifolds of dimension less than or equal to 6, up to $\bk$-homotopy type. Finally, we determine which rational homotopy types of such nilmanifolds carry a symplectic structure.
This paper takes its starting point in an idea of Grothendieck on the representation of homotopy types. We show that any locally finite nilpotent homotopy can be represented by a simplicial set which is a finitely generated free group in all degrees and whose maps are given by polynomials with rational coefficients. Such a simplicial set is in some sense a universal localisation/completion as all localisations and completions of the homotopy is easily contructed from it. In particular relations with the Quillen and Sullivan approaches are presented. When the theory is applied to the Eilenberg-…
Finite type nilpotent spaces are weakly equivalent if and only if their singular cochains are quasi-isomorphic as E-infinity algebras. The cochain functor from the homotopy category of finite type nilpotent spaces to the homotopy category of E-infinity algebras is faithful but not full.
We classify thick tensor ideals of finite objects in the category of rational torus-equivariant spectra, showing that they are completely determined by geometric isotropy. This is essentially equivalent to showing that the Balmer spectrum is the set of closed subgroups under cotoral inclusion. Corresponding statements are deduced for toral spectra for general groups.
Let $I$ be a small category with finite dimensional nerve, and $X\colon I\to Cat$ a diagram of small categories. We show that, under a "Reedy quasi-fibrancy condition", the homotopy limit of the geometric realization of $X$ is itself the geometric realization of a category. This categorical model for the homotopy limit is defined explicitly, as a category of natural transformations of diagrams. For the poset $\bullet\to\bullet\leftarrow\bullet$ we recover the model for homotopy pullbacks provided by Quillen's Theorem $B$ (specifically Barwick and Kan's version of Quillen's Theorem $B_2$). For …
We first show that simply connected co-$H$-spaces and connected $H$-spaces can be uniquely decomposed into prime factors in the homotopy category of pointed $p$-local spaces of finite type, which is used to develop a $p$-local version of Gray's correspondence between homotopy types of prime co-$H$-spaces and homotopy types of prime $H$-spaces, and the split fibration which connects them as well. Further, we use the unique decomposition theorem to study the homotopy rigidity problem for classic functors. Among others, we prove that $ΣΩ$ and $Ω$ are homotopy rigid on simply connected $p$-local c…
In this paper we describe explicit $L_\infty$ algebras modeling the rational homotopy type of any component of the spaces $\map(X,Y)$ and $\map^*(X,Y)$ of free and pointed maps between the finite nilpotent CW-complex $X$ and the finite type nilpotent CW-complex $Y$. When $X$ is of finite type, non necessarily finite, we also show that the algebraic covers of these $L_\infty$ algebras model the universal covers of the corresponding mapping spaces.
We show a Gottlieb element in the rational homotopy of a simply connected space $X$ implies a structural result for the Sullivan minimal model, with different results depending on parity. In the even-degree case, we prove a rational Gottlieb element is a terminal homotopy element. This fact allows us to complete an argument of Dupont to prove an even-degree Gottlieb element gives a free factor in the rational cohomology of a formal space of finite type. We apply the odd-degree result to affirm a special case of the $2N$-conjecture on Gottlieb elements of a finite complex. We combine our result…
The aim of this paper is to give a (discrete) Morse theoretic proof of the fact that the $k$-th skeleton of the flag complex $\mathcal{F}$, associated to the lattice of subspaces of a finite dimensional vector space, is homotopy equivalent to a wedge of spheres of dimension $\min\{k,\dim(\mathcal{F})\}$. The tight control provided by Morse theoretic methods allows us to give an explicit formula for the number of spheres appearing in each of these wedge summands.
In this paper we recover Bousfield's computation of $ν_1$-periodic homotopy groups of simply connected, finite $H$-spaces from \cite{Bou99} using the techniques of Goodwillie calculus. This is done through first computing André-Quillen cohomology over the monad $\mathbb{T}$ that encodes the power operations of complex $K$-theory. Then lifting this computation to computing $K$-theory of topological André-Quillen cohomology, and then using results of Behrens and Rezk relating it back to the Bousfield-Kuhn functor. The fact that we recovers the result of Bousfield allows us to conclude $ν_1$-peri…
The semigroup of the homotopy classes of the self-homotopy maps of a finite complex which induce the trivial homomorphism on homotopy groups is nilpotent. We determine the nilpotency of these semigroups of compact Lie groups and finite Hopf spaces of rank 2. We also study the nilpotency of semigroups for Lie groups of higher rank. Especially, we give Lie groups with the nilpotency of the semigroups arbitrarily large.
We study connected mod p finite A_p-spaces admitting AC_n-space structures with n<p for an odd prime p. Our result shows that if n is greator than (p-1)/2, then the mod p Steenrod algebra acts on the mod p cohomology of such a space in a systematic way. Moreover, we consider A_p-spaces which are mod p homotopy equivalent to product spaces of odd dimensional spheres. Then we determine the largest integer n for which such a space admits an AC_n-space structure compatible with the A_p-space structure.
The covering type of a space $X$ is defined as the minimal cardinality of a good cover of a space that is homotopy equivalent to $X$. We derive estimates for the covering type of $X$ in terms of other invariants of $X$, namely the ranks of the homology groups, the multiplicative structure of the cohomology ring and the Lusternik-Schnirelmann category of $X$. By relating the covering type to the number of vertices of minimal triangulations of complexes and combinatorial manifolds, we obtain, within a unified framework, several estimates which are either new or extensions of results that have be…
The notion of covering type was recently introduced by Karoubi and Weibel to measure the complexity of a topological space by means of good coverings. When X has the homotopy type of a finite CW-complex, its covering type coincides with the minimum possible number of vertices of a simplicial complex homotopy equivalent to X. In this article we compute the covering type of all closed surfaces. Our results completely settle a problem posed by Karoubi and Weibel, and shed more light on the relationship between the topology of surfaces and the number of vertices of minimal triangulations from a ho…
By studying the group of self homotopy equivalences of the localization (at a prime $p$ and/or zero) of some aspherical complexes, we show that, contrary to the case when the considered space is a nilpotent complex, $\mathcal{E}_{\#}^m (X_{p})$ is in general different from $\mathcal{E}_{\#}^m (X)_{p}$. That is the case even when $X=K(G,1)$ is a finite complex and/or $G$ satisfies extra finiteness or nilpotency conditions, for instance, when $G$ is finite or virtually nilpotent.
Let $G$ be a compact connected Lie group, or more generally a path connected topological group of the homotopy type of a finite CW-complex, and let $X$ be a rational nilpotent $G$-space. In this paper we analyze the homotopy type of the homotopy fixed point set $X^{hG}$, and the natural injection $k\colon X^G\hookrightarrow X^{hG}$. We show that if $X$ is elliptic, that is, it has finite dimensional rational homotopy and cohomology, then each path component of $X^{hG}$ is also elliptic. We also give an explicit algebraic model of the inclusion $k$ based on which we can prove, for instance, tha…
This paper is concerned with a minimal resolution of the PROP for bialgebras. We prove a theorem about the form of this resolution (Theorem 15) and give, in Section 5, a lot of explicit formulas for the differential. Our minimal model contains all information about the deformation theory of bialgebras and related cohomology. Algebras over this minimal model are strongly homotopy bialgebras, that is, homotopy invariant versions of bialgebras.
We propose a generalization of Sullivan's de Rham homotopy theory to non-simply connected spaces. The formulation is such that the real homotopy type of a manifold should be the closed tensor dg-category of flat bundles on it much the same as the real homotopy type of a simply connected manifold is the de Rham algebra in original Sullivan's theory. We prove the existence of a model category structure on the category of small closed tensor dg-categories and as a most simple case, confirm an equivalence between the homotopy category of spaces whose fundamental groups are finite and whose higher …
In \cite{G}, G. Lupton conjectured that the group of self-homotopy equivalences of an $F_0$-space inducing the identity on the homotopy groups is finite. Thus, the aim of this paper is to establish this conjecture.
Using the BV-formalism of mathematical physics an explicit construction for the minimal model of a quantum L-infinity-algebra is given as a formal super integral. The approach taken herein to these formal integrals is axiomatic; they can be approached using perturbation theory to obtain combinatorial formulae as shown in the appendix. Additionally, there exists a canonical differential graded Lie algebra morphism mapping formal functions on homology to formal functions on the whole space. An L-infinity-algebra morphism inverse to this differential graded Lie algebra morphism on the level of ho…
In this paper we study the nilpotency of certain groups of self homotopy equivalences. Our main goal is to extend, to localized homotopy groups and/or homotopy groups with coefficients, the general principle of Dror and Zabrodsky by which a group of self homotopy equivalences of a finite space which acts nilpotently on the homotopy groups is itself nilpotent.
We introduce an explicit combinatorial characterization of the minimal model ${\cal O}_{\infty}$ of the coloured operad ${\cal O}$ encoding non-symmetric operads. In our description of ${\cal O}_{\infty}$, the spaces of operations are defined in terms of hypergraph polytopes and the composition structure generalizes the one of the $A_{\infty}$-operad. As further generalizations of this construction, we present a combinatorial description of the $W$-construction applied on ${\cal O}$, as well as of the minimal model of the coloured operad ${\cal C}$ encoding non-symmetric cyclic operads.
We study topological spaces with a distinguished set of paths, called directed paths. Since these directed paths are generally not reversible, the directed homotopy classes of directed paths do not assemble into a groupoid, and there is no direct analog of the fundamental group. However, they do assemble into a category, called the fundamental category. We define models of the fundamental category, such as the fundamental bipartite graph, and minimal extremal models which are shown to generalize the fundamental group. In addition, we prove van Kampen theorems for subcategories, retracts, and m…
Shape theory works nice for (Hausdorff) paracompact spaces, but for spaces with no separation axioms, it seems to be quite poor. However, for finite and locally finite spaces their weak homotopy type is rather rich, and is equivalent to the weak homotopy type of finite and locally finite polynedra, respectively. In the paper there is proposed a variant of shape theory called quasi-shape, which suits both paracompact and locally finite spaces, i.e. the quas-shape is isomorphic to the weak homotopy type for locally finite spaces, and is \natural-equivalent to the ordinary shape in the case of pa…
We provide a calculational method for rational stable equivariant homotopy theory for a torus G based on the homology of the Borel construction on fixed points. More precisely we define an abelian torsion model, A_t(G) of finite injective dimension, a homology theory \piAt_* taking values in A_t(G) based on the homology of the Borel construction, and a finite Adams spectral sequence Ext_{A_t(G)}^{*,*}(\piAt_*(X), \piAt_*(Y)) ==> [X,Y]^G_* for rational G-spectra X and Y.
By using homotopy transfer techniques in the context of rational homotopy theory, we show that if $C$ is a coalgebra model of a space $X$, then the $A_\infty$-coalgebra structure in $H_*(X;\mathbb{Q})\cong H_*(C)$ induced by the higher Massey coproducts provides the construction of the Quillen minimal model of $X$. We also describe an explicit $L_\infty$-structure on the complex of linear maps ${\rm Hom}(H_*(X; \mathbb{Q}), π_*(ΩY)\otimes\mathbb{Q})$, where $X$ is a finite nilpotent CW-complex and $Y$ is a nilpotent CW-complex of finite type, modeling the rational homotopy type of the mapping …