We study topological spaces with a distinguished set of paths, called directed paths. Since these directed paths are generally not reversible, the directed homotopy classes of directed paths do not assemble into a groupoid, and there is no direct analog of the fundamental group. However, they do assemble into a category, called the fundamental category. We define models of the fundamental category, such as the fundamental bipartite graph, and minimal extremal models which are shown to generalize the fundamental group. In addition, we prove van Kampen theorems for subcategories, retracts, and models of the fundamental category.
A Theorem of Van Kampen Type for Pseudo Peano Continuum Spaces
G. Conner和K. Eda（Topology and its Applications，146，（2005），317-328.）引入了一种新的群体空间结构。他们指出，这种结构不是绝对的。本文在Conner和Eda工作的基础上，构造了两个新的范畴，使得基本群$π$的函子有右伴随，从而是右正合的，并有直接极限.研究了函子$π$在商空间上的行为，给出了新范畴中空间并的Van Kampen定理.
The paper is devoted to study the $n$th Hawaiian group $\mathcal{H}_n$, $n \ge 1$, of the wedge sum of two spaces $(X,x_*) = (X_1, x_1) \vee (X_2, x_2)$. Indeed, we are going to give some versions of the van Kampen theorem for Hawaiian groups of the wedge sum of spaces. First, among some results on Hawaiian groups of semilocally strongly contractible spaces, we present a structure for the $n$th Hawaiian group of the wedge sum of CW-complexes. Second, we give more informative structures for the $n$th Hawaiian group of the wedge sum $X$, when $X$ is semilocally $n$-simply connected at $x_*$. Fin…
In this survey-research paper, we first introduce the theory of Smith classes of complexes with fixed-point free, periodic maps on them. These classes, when defined for the deleted product of a simplicial complex $K$, are the same as the embedding classes of $K$. Embedding classes, in turn, are generalizations of the van Kampen obstruction class for embeddability of a $d$-dimensional complex $K$ into the Euclidean $2d$-space. All of these concepts will be introduced in simple terms. Second, we use the theory introduced in the first part to relate the embedding classes (or the special Smith cla…
We exhibit relations between van Kampen-Flores, Conway-Gordon-Sachs and Radon theorems, by presenting direct proofs of some implications between them. The key idea is an interesting relation between the van Kampen and the Conway-Gordon-Sachs numbers for restrictions of a map of $(d+2)$-simplex to $\mathbb R^d$ to the $(d+1)$-face and to the $[d/2]$-skeleton.
The paper contains an application of van Kampen theorem for groupoids for computation of homotopy types of certain class of non-compact foliated surfaces obtained by gluing at most countably many strips $\mathbb{R}\times(0,1)$ with boundary intervals in $\mathbb{R}\times\{\pm1\}$ along some of those intervals.
Part of the title of this article is taken from writings of Einstein, which argue that we need to exercise our ability to analyse familiar concepts, to demonstrate the conditions on which their justification and usefulness depend, and the way in which these developed, little by little $\ldots$. My aim is to do this for the initial negative reactions to the seminar by E. Cech on higher homotopy groups to the ICM meeting in Z\" urich in 1932; then the subsequent work of Hurewicz, the use of groupoids and so the use of many base points, and how J.H.C. Whitehead's use of free crossed modules gave …
We introduce a metric homotopy theory, which we call Moderately Discontinuous Homotopy, designed to capture Lipschitz properties of metric singular subanalytic germs. It matches with the Moderately Discontinuous Homology theory receantly developed by the authors and E. Sampaio. The $k$-th MD homotopy group is a group $MDH^b_\bullet$ for any $b\in [1,\infty]$ together with homomorphisms $MDπ^b\to MDπ^{b'}$ for any $b\geq b'$. We develop all its basic properties including finite presentation of the groups, long homology sequences of pairs, metric homotopy invariance, Seifert-van Kampen Theorem a…
In this paper, we develop and study the theory of weighted fundamental groups of weighted simplicial complexes. When all weights are 1, the weighted fundamental group reduces to the usual fundamental group as a special case. We also study weighted versions of classical theorems like van Kampen's theorem. In addition, we also investigate the abelianization, lower central series and applications of weighted fundamental groups.
We relate the Kauffman bracket stated skein modules to two independent constructions of quantum representation spaces of Habiro and Van der Veen with the second author. We deduce from this relation a description of the classical limit of stated skein modules, a quantum Van Kampen theorem and a quantum HNN extension theorem for stated skein modules and obtain a new description of the skein modules of mapping tori and links exteriors.
Making use of Gruson-Raynaud's technique of "platification par eclatement", Kerz and Strunk proved that the negative homotopy K-theory groups of a Noetherian scheme X of Krull dimension d vanish below -d. In this note, making use of noncommutative algebraic geometry, we improve this result in the case of quotient singularities by proving that the negative homotopy K-theory groups vanish below -1. Furthermore, in the case of cyclic quotient singularities, we provide an explicit "upper bound" for the first negative homotopy K-theory group.
Non-vanishing of homotopy groups of Manin--Schechtman arrangements
Institute for Chemical Reaction Design and Discovery, Hokkaido University（化学反应用设计发现研究所，北海道大学）；Department of Applied Mathematics, Fukuoka University（福冈大学应用数学系）
The comparison map from bounded cohomology to singular cohomology plays an important role in the study of bounded cohomology theory and its applications. The vanishing and covering theorems of Gromov and Ivanov show interesting and useful properties of the comparison map under appropriate assumptions. We discuss an approach to these theorems, based on the general homotopy-theoretic properties of the comparison map, and obtain new proofs and refined versions of these results.
In this work, we use a labelled deduction system based on the concept of computational paths (sequence of rewrites) as equalities between two terms of the same type. We also define a term rewriting system that is used to make computations between these computational paths, establishing equalities between equalities. We use a labelled deduction system based on the concept of computational paths (sequence of rewrites) to obtain some results of algebraic topology and with support of the Seifet-Van Kampen Theorem we will calculate, in a way less complex than the one made in mathematics \cite{Munkr…
We generalize the van Est map and isomorphism theorem in three ways, and we discuss conjectured connections with homotopy theory, including a proposal of a category which unifies differentiable stacks, Lie algebroids and homotopy theory. In Part 2 of this thesis we generalize the van Est map from a comparison map between Lie groupoid cohomology and Lie algebroid cohomology to a (more conceptual) comparison map between the cohomology of a stack $\mathcal{G}$ and the cohomology of a simple foliation $\mathcal{H}\to\mathcal{G}$. In Part 1 we generalize the functions that we can take cohomology of…
We study a version of the James model for the loop space of a suspension in unstable ${\mathbb A}^1$-homotopy theory. We use this model to establish an analog of G.W. Whitehead's classical refinement of the Freudenthal suspension theorem in ${\mathbb A}^1$-homotopy theory: our result refines F. Morel's ${\mathbb A}^1$-simplicial suspension theorem. We then describe some $E_1$-differentials in the EHP sequence in ${\mathbb A}^1$-homotopy theory. These results are analogous to classical results of G.W. Whitehead's. Using these tools, we deduce some new results about unstable ${\mathbb A}^1$-homo…
