We consider the Poisson Boolean continuum percolation model in n-dimensional hyperbolic space. In 2 dimensions we show that there are intensities for the underlying Poisson process for which there are infinitely unbounded components in the covered and vacant regions. In n dimensions we show that if the radius of the balls are big enough, then there are intensities for the underlying Poisson process for which there are infinitely many unbounded components.
We consider the Poisson Boolean percolation model in $\mathbb{R}^2$, where the radii of each ball is independently chosen according to some probability measure with finite second moment. For this model, we show that the two thresholds, for the existence of an unbounded occupied and an unbounded vacant component, coincide. This complements a recent study of the sharpness of the phase transition in Poisson Boolean percolation by the same authors. As a corollary it follows that for Poisson Boolean percolation in $\mathbb{R}^d$, for any $d\ge2$, finite moment of order $d$ is both necessary and suf…
We consider the Poisson Boolean model of continuum percolation. We show that there is a subcritical phase if and only if $E(R^d)$ is finite, where $R$ denotes the radius of the balls around Poisson points and $d$ denotes the dimension. We also give related results concerning the integrability of the diameter of subcritical clusters.
We consider Poisson Boolean percolation on $\mathbb R^d$ with power-law distribution on the radius with a finite $d$-moment for $d\ge 2$. We prove that subcritical sharpness occurs for all but a countable number of power-law distributions. This extends the results of Duminil-Copin--Raoufi--Tassion where subcritical sharpness is proved under the assumption that the radii distribution has a $5d-3$ finite moment. Our proofs techniques are different from their paper: we do not use randomized algorithm and rely on specific independence properties of Boolean percolation, inherited from the underlyin…
It is well known that there are two regimes in a standard one-dimensional Boolean percolation model: either the entire space is covered a.s., or the covered volume fraction is strictly less than one. The aim of this work is to demonstrate that there is a third possibility in a Boolean model with totally asymmetric grains on a half-line: a.s. there is no unbounded component, but the covered volume fraction is one. An explicit condition is given characterizing the existence of an unbounded occupied component.
We establish the mean-field bounds $γ\ge 1$, $δ\ge 2$ and $\triangle \ge 2$ on the critical exponents of the Poisson-Boolean continuum percolation model under a moment condition on the radii; these were previously known only in the special case of fixed radii (in the case of $γ$), or not at all (in the case of $δ$ and $\triangle$). We deduce these as consequences of the mean-field bound $β\le 1$, recently established by Duminil-Copin, Raoufi and Tassion under the same moment condition, using a relative entropy method introduced by the authors in previous work.
Sticks at one of different orientation are placed in an i.i.d. fashion at points of a Poisson point process of intensity $λ$. Sticks of the same direction have the same length, while sticks in different directions may have different lengths. We study the geometry of finite cluster as $λ\to \infty$. The asymptotic shape of the custer being determined by the probabilities of the sticks in various direction and their lengths and orientations. We also obtain the limiting geometric structure of this component.
Let P := {X_i,i >= 1} be a stationary Poisson point process in R^d, {C_i,i >= 1} be a sequence of i.i.d. random sets in R^d, and {Y_i^t; t \geq 0, i >= 1} be i.i.d. {0,1}-valued continuous time stationary Markov chains. We define the Markov-Poisson-Boolean model C_t := {Y_i^t(X_i + C_i), i >= 1}. C_t represents the coverage process at time t. We first obtain limit laws for k-coverage of an area at an arbitrary instant. We then obtain the limit laws for the k-coverage seen by a particle as it moves along a one-dimensional path.
In this work we study the Poisson Boolean model of percolation in locally compact Polish metric spaces and we prove the invariance of subcritical and supercritical phases under mm-quasi-isometries. In other words, we prove that if the Poisson Boolean model of percolation is subcritical or supercritical (or exhibits phase transition) in a metric space M which is mm-quasi-isometric to a metric space N, then these phases also exist for the Poisson Boolean model of percolation in N. Then we apply these results to understand the phenomenon of phase transition in a large family of metric spaces. Ind…
In a previous work, two of the authors proposed a new proof of a well known convergence result for the scaled elementary connected vacant component in the high intensity Boolean model towards the Crofton cell of the Poisson hyperplane process. In this paper, we consider the particular case of the two-dimensional Boolean model where the grains are discs with random radii. We investigate the second-order term in this convergence when the Boolean model and the Poisson line process are coupled on the same probability space. A precise coupling between the Boolean model and the Poisson line process …
In the spherical Poisson Boolean model, one takes the union of random balls centred on the points of a Poisson process in Euclidean $d$-space with $d \geq 2$. We prove that whenever the radius distribution has a finite $d$-th moment, there exists a strictly positive value for the intensity such that the vacant region percolates.
We consider a Boolean model $Z$ driven by a Poisson particle process $η$ on a metric space $\mathbb{Y}$. We study the random variable $ρ(Z)$, where $ρ$ is a (deterministic) measure on $\mathbb{Y}$. Due to the interaction of overlapping particles, the distribution of $ρ(Z)$ cannot be described explicitly. In this note we derive concentration inequalities for $ρ(Z)$. To this end we first prove two concentration inequalities for functions of a Poisson process on a general phase space.
This paper deals with the union set of a stationary Poisson process of cylinders in $\mathbb{R}^n$ having an $(n-m)$-dimensional base and an $m$-dimensional direction space, where $m\in\{0,1,\ldots,n-1\}$ and $n\geq 2$. The concept simultaneously generalises those of a Boolean model and a Poisson hyperplane or $m$-flat process. Under very general conditions on the typical cylinder base a Berry-Esseen bound for the volume of the union set within a sequence of growing test sets is derived. Assuming convexity of the cylinder bases and of the window a similar result is shown for a broad class of g…
Continuing the analysis initiated in Lachiéze-Rey and Peccati (2011), we use contraction operators to study the normal approximation of random variables having the form of a U-statistic written on the points in the support of a random Poisson measure. Applications are provided: to boolean models, and coverage of random networks.
We prove that the Poisson-Boolean percolation on $\mathbb{R}^d$ undergoes a sharp phase transition in any dimension under the assumption that the radius distribution has a $5d-3$ finite moment (in particular we do not assume that the distribution is bounded). More precisely, we prove that: -In the whole subcritical regime, the expected size of the cluster of the origin is finite, and furthermore we obtain bounds for the origin to be connected to distance $n$: when the radius distribution has a finite exponential moment, the probability decays exponentially fast in $n$, and when the radius dist…
We consider random graphs $\mathcal{G}$ built on a homogeneous Poisson point process on $\mathbb{R}^d$, $d\geq 2$, with points $x$ marked by i.i.d. random variables $E_x$. Fixed a symmetric function $h(\cdot, \cdot)$, the vertexes of $\mathcal{G}$ are given by points of the Poisson point process, while the edges are given by pairs $\{x,y\}$ with $x\not =y$ and $|x-y|\leq h(E_x,E_y)$. We call $\mathcal{G}$ Poisson $h$-generalized Boolean model, as one recovers the standard Poisson Boolean model by taking $h(a,b):=a+b$ and $E_x\geq 0$. Under general conditions, we show that in the supercritical …
We consider the Poisson Boolean model of continuum percolation on a homogeneous Riemannian manifold $M$. Let $lambda$ be intensity of the Poisson process in the model and let $lambda_u$ be the infimum of the set of intensities that a.s. produce a unique unbounded component. We show that above $λ_u$ there is a.s. a unique unbounded component. We also study what happens at $λ_u$ for some spaces. In particular, if $M$ is the product of the hyperbolic disc and the real line, then at $λ_u$ there is a.s. not a unique unbounded component. The results are inspired by results for Bernoulli bond percola…
Martingale solutions of stochastic Navier-Stokes equations in 2D and 3D possibly unbounded domains, driven by the Lévy noise consisting of the compensated time homogeneous Poisson random measure and the Wiener process are considered. Using the classical Faedo-Galerkin approximation and the compactness method we prove existence of a martingale solution. We prove also the compactness and tighness criteria in a certain space contained in some spaces of càdlàg functions, weakly càdlàg functions and some Fréchet spaces. Moreover, we use a version of the Skorokhod Embedding Theorem for nonmetric spa…
We study the phase transition of random radii Poisson Boolean percolation: Around each point of a planar Poisson point process, we draw a disc of random radius, independently for each point. The behavior of this process is well understood when the radii are uniformly bounded from above. In this article, we investigate this process for unbounded (and possibly heavy tailed) radii distributions. Under mild assumptions on the radius distribution, we show that both the vacant and occupied sets undergo a phase transition at the same critical parameter $λ_c$. Moreover, - For $λ< λ_c$, the vacant set …
Proofs of sharp phase transition and noise sensitivity in percolation have been significantly simplified by the use of randomized algorithms, via the OSSS inequality (proved by O'Donnell, Saks, Schramm and Servedio (2005)) and the Schramm-Steif inequality for the Fourier-Walsh coefficients of functions defined on the Boolean hypercube. In this article, we prove intrinsic versions of the OSSS and Schramm-Steif inequalities for functionals of a general Poisson process, and apply these new estimates to deduce sufficient conditions - expressed in terms of randomized stopping sets - yielding sharp …
In the Diffusion Limited Aggregation (DLA) process on on $\mathbb{Z}^2$, or more generally $\mathbb{Z}^d$, particles aggregate to an initially occupied origin by arrivals on a random walk. The scaling limit of the result, empirically, is a fractal with dimension strictly less than $d$. Very little has been shown rigorously about the process, however. We study an analogous process on the Boolean lattice $\{0,1\}^n$, in which particles take random decreasing walks from $(1,\dots,1)$, and stick at the last vertex before they encounter an occupied site for the first time; the vertex $(0,\dots,0)$ …
We are interested in phase transitions in certain percolation models on point processes and their dependence on clustering properties of the point processes. We show that point processes with smaller void probabilities and factorial moment measures than the stationary Poisson point process exhibit non-trivial phase transition in the percolation of some coverage models based on level-sets of additive functionals of the point process. Examples of such point processes are determinantal point processes, some perturbed lattices, and more generally, negatively associated point processes. Examples of…
This is a study of percolation in the hyperbolic plane and on regular tilings in the hyperbolic plane. The processes discussed include Bernoulli site and bond percolation on planar hyperbolic graphs, invariant dependent percolations on such graphs, and Poisson-Voronoi-Bernoulli percolation. We prove the existence of three distinct nonempty phases for the Bernoulli processes. In the first phase, $p\in(0, p_c]$, there are no unbounded clusters, but there is a unique infinite cluster for the dual process. In the second phase, $p\in(p_c,p_u)$, there are infinitely many unbounded clusters for the p…
We consider a continuum percolation model on $\R^d$, $d\geq 1$.For $t,λ\in (0,\infty)$ and $d\in\{1,2,3\}$, the occupied set is given by the union of independent Brownian paths running up to time $t$ whoseinitial points form a Poisson point process with intensity $λ\textgreater{}0$.When $d\geq 4$, the Brownian paths are replaced by Wiener sausageswith radius $r\textgreater{}0$.We establish that, for $d=1$ and all choices of $t$, no percolation occurs,whereas for $d\geq 2$, there is a non-trivial percolation transitionin $t$, provided $λ$ and $r$ are chosen properly.The last statement means tha…
We present new Poisson process approximation results for stabilizing functionals of Poisson and binomial point processes. These functionals are allowed to have an unbounded range of interaction and encompass many examples in stochastic geometry. Our bounds are derived for the Kantorovich-Rubinstein distance using the generator approach to Stein's method. We give different types of bounds for different point processes. While some of our bounds are given in terms of coupling of the point process with its Palm version, the others are in terms of the local dependence structure formalized via the n…
Conditions for almost sure extinction are studied in discrete time branching processes with an infinite number of types. It is not assumed that the expected number of children is a bounded function of the parent's type. There might also be no integer m such that there is a lower positive bound, uniform over the ancestor's type, for the probability that a population is extinct at the m-th generation. A weaker condition than the existence of such an m is seen to lead to extinction almost surely if the sequence of expected generation sizes does not tend to infinity. Some criteria for a positive p…
Let $Z$ be a Boolean model based on a stationary Poisson process $η$ of compact, convex particles in Euclidean space ${\mathbb{R}}^d$. Let $W$ denote a compact, convex observation window. For a large class of functionals $ψ$, formulas for mean values of $ψ(Z\cap W)$ are available in the literature. The first aim of the present work is to study the asymptotic covariances of general geometric (additive, translation invariant and locally bounded) functionals of $Z\cap W$ for increasing observation window $W$, including convergence rates. Our approach is based on the Fock space representation asso…
Detection, coverage and percolation in dynamic Boolean models with random radii based on $α$-stable processes
School of Mathematics, University of Leeds（利兹大学数学学院）；Technische Universität Braunschweig（布伦瑞克工业大学）；Weierstrass Institute for Applied Analysis and Stochastics（魏尔斯特拉斯应用分析与随机过程研究所）
We consider a Poisson point process on the space of lines in R^d, where a multiplicative factor u>0 of the intensity measure determines the density of lines. Each line in the process is taken as the axis of a bi-infinite cylinder of radius 1. We investigate percolative properties of the vacant set, defined as the subset of R^d that is not covered by any such cylinder. We show that in dimensions d >= 4, there is a critical value u_*(d) \in (0,\infty), such that with probability 1, the vacant set has an unbounded component if u<u_*(d), and only bounded components if u>u_*(d). For d=3, we prove t…
The paper considers the stationary Poisson Boolean model with spherical grains and proposes a family of nonparametric estimators for the radius distribution. These estimators are based on observed distances and radii, weighted in an appropriate way. They are ratio-unbiased and asymptotically consistent for growing observation window. It is shown that the asymptotic variance exists and is given by a fairly explicit integral expression. Asymptotic normality is established under a suitable integrability assumption on the weight function. The paper also provides a short discussion of related estim…
Slicing a Voronoi tessellation in $\mathbb{R}^n$ with a $k$-plane gives a $k$-dimensional weighted Voronoi tessellation, also known as power diagram or Laguerre tessellation. Mapping every simplex of the dual weighted Delaunay mosaic to the radius of the smallest empty circumscribed sphere whose center lies in the $k$-plane gives a generalized discrete Morse function. Assuming the Voronoi tessellation is generated by a Poisson point process in $\mathbb{R}^n$, we study the expected number of simplices in the $k$-dimensional weighted Delaunay mosaic as well as the expected number of intervals of…
Spatial telecommunication systems have evolved along the years, leading to some concerns that telecommunication companies are facing today. The main inquietude is the ability to provide quality service to customers or users in a dense regime. Therefore, questions such as : what is the best possible configurations of base stations and users that maximizes quality service? Is it possible to estimate and control the probability of bad service, which may be seen as a rare event? and many more arise. These questions often involve estimating the tail distribution of events, which falls under the sco…
Given a homogeneous Poisson point process in R^d, Haggstrom and Meester asked whether it is possible to place spheres (of differing radii) centred at the points, in a translation-invariant way, so that the spheres do not overlap but there is an unbounded component of touching spheres. We prove that the answer is yes in sufficiently high dimension.
Suppose that $Z$ is a random closed subset of the hyperbolic plane $\H^2$, whose law is invariant under isometries of $\H^2$. We prove that if the probability that $Z$ contains a fixed ball of radius 1 is larger than some universal constant $p<1$, then there is positive probability that $Z$ contains (bi-infinite) lines. We then consider a family of random sets in $\H^2$ that satisfy some additional natural assumptions. An example of such a set is the covered region in the Poisson Boolean model. Let $f(r)$ be the probability that a line segment of length $r$ is contained in such a set $Z$. We s…
We consider random graphs with uniformly bounded edges on a Poisson point process conditioned to contain the origin. In particular we focus on the random connection model, the Boolean model and Miller-Abrahams random resistor network with lower-bounded conductances. The latter is relevant for the analysis of conductivity by Mott variable range hopping in strongly disordered systems. By using the method of randomized algorithms developed by Duminil-Copin et al. we prove that in the subcritical phase the probability that the origin is connected to some point at distance $n$ decays exponentially …
In Weil (2001) formulas were proved for stationary Boolean models $Z$ in $\mathbb{R}^d$ with convex or polyconvex grains, which express the densities of mixed volumes of $Z$ in terms of related mean values of the underlying Poisson particle process $X$. These formulas were then used to show that in dimensions 2 and 3 the mean values of $Z$ determine the intensity $γ$ of $X$. For $d=4$ a corresponding result was also stated, but the proof given was incomplete, since in the formula for the mean Euler characteristic $\overline V_0 (Z)$ a term $\overline V^{(0)}_{2,2}(X,X)$ was missing. This was p…
We prove regenerative properties for the linear Hawkes process under minimal assumptions on the transfer function, which may have unbounded support. These results are applicable to sliding window statistical estimators. We exploit independence in the Poisson cluster point process decomposition, and the regeneration times are not stopping times for the Hawkes process. The regeneration time is interpreted as the renewal time at zero of a M/G/infinity queue, which yields a formula for its Laplace transform. When the transfer function admits some exponential moments, we stochastically dominate the…
Suppose some random resource (energy, mass or space) $χ\geq 0$ is to be shared at random between (possibly infinitely many) species (atoms or fragments). Assume ${\Bbb E}χ=θ<\infty $ and suppose the amount of the individual share is necessarily bounded from above by 1. This random partitioning model can naturally be identified with the study of infinitely divisible random variables with Lévy measure concentrated on the interval% $.$ Special emphasis is put on these special partitioning models in the Poisson-Kingman class. The masses attached to the atoms of such partitions are sorted in decrea…
