The purpose of this paper is two fold: we study the behaviour of the forgetful functor from S-modules to graded vector spaces in the context of algebras over an operad and derive from this theory the construction of combinatorial Hopf algebras. As a byproduct we obtain freeness and cofreeness results for these Hopf algebras. Let O denote the forgetful functor from S-modules to graded vector spaces. Left modules over an operad P are treated as P-algebras in the category of S-modules. We generalize the results obtained by Patras and Reutenauer in the associative case to any operad P: the functor O sends P-algebras to P-algebras. If P is a Hopf operad then O sends Hopf P-algebras to Hopf P-algebras. If the operad P is regular one gets two different structures of Hopf P-algebras in the category of graded vector spaces. We develop the notion of unital infinitesimal P-bialgebra and prove freeness and cofreeness results for Hopf algebras built from Hopf operads. Finally, we prove that many combinatorial Hopf algebras arise from our theory, as Hopf algebras on the faces of the permutohedra and associahedra.
The notion of a coherent unit action on algebraic operads was first introduced by Loday for binary quadratic nonsymmetric operads and generalized by Holtkamp, to ensure that the free objects of the operads carry a Hopf algebra structure. There was also a classification of such operads in the binary quadratic nonsymmetric case. We generalize the notion of coherent unit action to braided operads and show that free objects of braided operads with such an action carries a braided Hopf algebra structure. Under the conditions of binary, quadratic and nonsymmetric, we give a characterization and clas…
In 2008, Loday shed light on the existence of Hopf-Boreltheorems for operads. Using the vocabulary of category theory, Livernet,Mesablishvili and Wisbauer extended such theorems to monads. In bothcases, the reasoning was to start from a mixed distributive law andthen to prove that it induces an isomorphism of species to finally geta rigidity theorem. Our reasoning goes here backward: we prove thatfrom an isomorphism of species one can get what we called a confluencelaw, which generalises mixed distributive laws, and that it is enough toobtain a rigidity theorem. This enables us to show that fo…
Institut de Recherche Mathématique Avancée, UMR 7501, Université de Strasbourg et CNRS（斯特拉斯堡大学与法国国家科学研究中心）；LMPA, Centre Universitaire de la Mi-Voix（拉芒什海峡联合数学实验室）
我们定义一个“组合霍普夫代数“为一个自由（或上自由）的霍普夫代数，并且它与不可分解（分别是）上的自由代数具有给定的同构.上自由余代数（cofree coalgebra over the primitives）。这种同构的选择意味着在霍普夫代数和不可分解代数上存在更精细的代数结构。原始人）。例如，一个上自由-上交换的右侧组合霍普夫代数完全由它的原部分决定，原部分是一个准李代数.关键的例子是Connes-Kreimer霍普夫代数。对所有这些组合霍普夫代数类型的研究产生了几个很好的三元组运算。它涉及运算符：树状运算符、前Lie运算符、大括号运算符以及它们的变体。
The main ideas developed in this habilitation thesis consist in endowing combinatorial objects (words, permutations, trees, Young tableaux, etc.) with operations in order to construct algebraic structures. This process allows, by studying algebraically the structures thus obtained (changes of bases, generating sets, presentations, morphisms, representations), to collect combinatorial information about the underlying objects. The algebraic structures the most encountered here are magmas, posets, associative algebras, dendriform algebras, Hopf bialgebras, operads, and pros. This work explores th…
Faà di Bruno subalgebras of the Hopf algebra of planar trees from combinatorial Dyson-Schwinger equations
考虑平面有根树H的非交换Connes-KreimerHopf代数中的组合Dyson-Schwinger方程X=B^+（P（X）），其中B^+是嫁接到根上的算子，P是形式级数.该方程的唯一解X生成\H的分次子代数A_P。我们描述了所有形式级数P，使得A_P是一个霍普夫子代数。我们以这种方式获得一个2参数家庭的H的Hopf子代数，组织成三个同构类：第一个，限制在一个变量的一个多项式环;第二个，限制在梯子的Hopf子代数，同构的霍普夫代数的准对称函数;最后（无限）一个，它给出了一个非交换版本的Faà di Bruno霍普夫代数。最后一类通过取商，给出了Faà di Bruno代数到有根树的Connes-Kreimer霍普夫代数的无限嵌入集.此外，我们给出了D变量上的自由Faà di Bruno霍普夫代数到装饰有根树的霍普夫代数的一个嵌入，以及这个嵌入的一个非交换形式。
We consider the bar complex of a monomial non-unital associative algebra $A=k \langle X \rangle / (w_1,...,w_t)$. It splits as a direct sum of complexes $B_w$, defined for any fixed monomial $w=x_1...x_n \in A$. We give a simple argument, showing that the homology of this subcomplex is at most one-dimensional, and describe the place where the nontrivial homology appears. It has a very simple expression in terms of the length of the generalized Dyck path associated to a given monomial in $w \in A$. The operadic analogue of the question about dichotomy in homology is considered. It is shown that…
We introduce a simplicial object $(\{ \Dy^m\}_{m\geq 0}, {\mathbb F}_i, {\mathbb S}_j)$ in the category of non-symmetric algebraic operads, satisfying that $\Dy^0$ is the operad of associative algebras and $\Dy^1$ is J.-L. Loday\rq s operad of dendriform algebras. The dimensions of the operad $\Dy^m$ are given by the Fuss-Catalan numbers. Given a family of partially ordered sets ${\bold P}=\{P_n\}_{n\geq 1}$ we show that, under certain conditions, the vector space spanned by the set of $m$-simpleces of ${\bold P}$ is a $\Dy^m$ algebra. This construction, applied to certain combinatorial Hopf a…
This is a study on pattern Hopf algebras in combinatorial structures. We introduce the notion of combinatorial presheaf, by adapting the algebraic framework of species to the study of substructures in combinatorics. Afterwards, we consider functions that count the number of patterns of objects and endow the linear span of these functions with a product and a coproduct. In this way, any well behaved family of combinatorial objects that admits a notion of substructure generates a Hopf algebra, and this association is functorial. For example, the Hopf algebra on permutations studied by Vargas in …
