Let $Y$ be a smooth Enriques surface. A $K3$ carpet on $Y$ is a locally Cohen-Macaulay double structure on $Y$ with the same invariants as a smooth $K3$ surface (i.e., regular and with trivial canonical sheaf). The surface $Y$ possesses an étale $K3$ double cover $X \oversetπ \longrightarrow Y$. We prove that $π$ can be deformed to a family $\SX \longrightarrow \mathbf P^N_{T^*}$ of projective embeddings of $K3$ surfaces and that any projective $K3$ carpet on $Y$ arises from such a family as the flat limit of smooth, embedded $K3$ surfaces.
We show that given an embedding of an Enriques manifold of index $d$ in a large enough projective space, there will exist embedded multiple structures with conormal bundle isomorphic to the trace zero module of the universal covering map, the universal cover being either a hyperkähler or a Calabi-Yau manifold. We then show that these multiple structures (also known as $d$-ropes) can be smoothed to smooth hyperkähler or Calabi-Yau manifolds respectively. Hence we obtain a flat family of hyperkähler (or Calabi-Yau) manifolds embedded in the same projective space which degenerates to an embedded …
We classify, up to some lattice-theoretic equivalence, all possible configurations of rational double points that can appear on a surface whose minimal resolution is a complex Enriques surface.
This note is a report on the observation that the Enriques-Fano threefolds with terminal cyclic quotient singularities admit Calabi-Yau threefolds as their double coverings. We calculate the invariants of those Calabi-Yau threefolds when the Picard number is one. It turns out that all of them are new examples.
We consider the class of singular double coverings $X \to \PP^3$ ramified in the degeneration locus $D$ of a family of 2-dimensional quadrics. These are precisely the quartic double solids constructed by Artin and Mumford as examples of unirational but nonrational conic bundles. With such quartic surface $D$ one can associate an Enriques surface $S$ which is the factor of the blowup of $D$ by a natural involution acting without fixed points (such Enriques surfaces are known as nodal Enriques surfaces or Reye congruences). We show that the nontrivial part of the derived category of coherent she…
We introduce a new technique, based on Gaussian maps, to study the possibility, for a given surface, to lie on a threefold as a very ample divisor with given normal bundle. We give several applications, among which one to surfaces of general type and another one to Enriques surfaces. For the latter we prove that any threefold (with no assumption on its singularities) having as hyperplane section a smooth Enriques surface (by definition an Enriques-Fano threefold) has genus g < 18 (where g is the genus of its smooth curve sections). The latter bound was also proved recently by Prokhorov, who al…
We construct the moduli space of Enriques surfaces in positive characteristic and eventually over the integers, and determine its local and global structure. As an application, we show lifting of Enriques surfaces to characteristic zero. The key observation is that the canonical double cover of an Enriques surface is birational to the complete intersection of three quadrics in IP^5, even in characteristic 2.
Let X be an Enriques surface over the field of complex numbers. We prove that there exists a nontrivial quaternion algebra A on X. Then we study the moduli scheme of torsion free A-modules of rank one. Finally we prove that this moduli scheme is an étale double cover of a Lagrangian subscheme in the corresponding moduli scheme on the associated covering K3 surface.
We describe a period map for those simply connected Enriques surfaces in characteristic 2 whose canonical double cover is K3. The moduli stack for these surfaces has a Deligne-Mumford quotient that is an open substack of a $\mathbb P^1$-bundle over the period space. We also give some general results relating local and global moduli for algebraic varieties and describe the difference in their dimensions in terms of the failure of the automorphism group scheme to be reduced.
We prove that two general Enriques surfaces defined over an algebraically closed field of characteristic different from $2$ are isomorphic if their Kuznetsov components are equivalent. We apply the same techniques to give a new simple proof of a conjecture by Ingalls and Kuznetsov relating the derived categories of the blow-up of general Artin\textendash Mumford quartic double solids and of the associated Enriques surfaces. This paper originated from one of the problem sections at the workshop \emph{Semiorthogonal decompositions, stability conditions and sheaves of categories}, Université de T…
Given an Enriques surface $T$, its universal K3 cover $f: S\to T$, and a genus $g$ linear system $|C|$ on $T$, we construct the relative Prym variety $P_H=\Prym_{v, H}(\D/\CC)$, where $\CC\to |C|$ and $\D\to |f^*C|$ are the universal families, $v$ is the Mukai vector $(0,[D], 2-2g)$ and $H$ is a polarization on $S$. The relative Prym variety is a $(2g-2)$-dimensional possibly singular variety, whose smooth locus is endowed with a hyperkähler structure. This variety is constructed as the closure of the fixed locus of a symplectic birational involution defined on the moduli space $M_{v,H}(S)$. T…
Let Y be a complex Enriques surface whose universal cover X is birational to a general quartic Hessian surface. Using the result on the automorphism group of X due to Dolgachev and Keum, we obtain a finite presentation of the automorphism group of Y. A fundamental domain of the action of the automorphism group on the nef cone of Y is described explicitly. The list of elliptic fibrations on Y and the list of combinations of rational double points that can appear on a surface birational to Y are presented. As an application, a set of generators of the automorphism group of the generic Enriques s…
We prove that, for any $g \geq 2$, the étale double cover $ρ_g:\mathcal{E}_{g} \to \widehat{\mathcal{E}}_{g}$ from the moduli space $\mathcal{E}_{g}$ of complex polarized genus $g$ Enriques surfaces to the moduli space $\widehat{\mathcal{E}}_{g}$ of numerically polarized genus $g$ Enriques surfaces is disconnected precisely over irreducible components of $\widehat{\mathcal{E}}_{g}$ parametrizing $2$-divisible classes, answering a question of Gritsenko and Hulek. We characterize all irreducible components of $\mathcal{E}_{g}$ in terms of a new invariant of line bundles on Enriques surfaces that…
We present methods to construct interesting surfaces of general type via $\mathbb{Q}$-Gorenstein smoothing of a singular surface obtained from an elliptic surface. By applying our methods to special Enriques surfaces, we construct new examples of a minimal surface of general type with $p_g=0$, $π_1=\mathbb{Z}/2\mathbb{Z}$, and $K^2\le 4$.
Let $W\subset \mathbb{P}^{13}$ be the image of the rational map defined by the linear system of the sextic surfaces of $\mathbb{P}^3$ having double points along the edges of a tetrahedron. Let $\mathcal{L}$ be the linear system of the hyperplane sections of $W$. It is known that a general $S\in \mathcal{L}$ is an Enriques surface. The aim of this paper is to study the sublinear system $\mathcal{L}_{\bullet}\subset \mathcal{L}$ of the hyperplane sections of $W$ having a triple point at a general point $w \in W$. We will show that a general element of $\mathcal{L}_{\bullet}$ is birational to an …
Let S be a smooth algebraic surface satisfying the following property: H^i(\oc_S(C))=0 (i=1,2) for any irreducible and reduced curve C of S. The aim of this paper is to provide a characterization of special linear systems on S which are singular along a set of double points in general position. As an application, the dimension of such systems is evaluated in case S is an Abelian, an Enriques, a K3 or an anticanonical rational surface.
We define a period map for classical Campedelli surfaces, using a covering trick as in the case of Enriques surfaces: the period map is shown to come from a family of Enriques surfaces, obtained as quotients of the Campedelli surface by an involution. The period map realises an isomorphism between a projective variety obtained by invariant theory, and the Baily-Borel compactification of an arithmetic quotient, in the same fashion as in the work of Matsumoto, Sasaki and Yoshida. The result is proved from scratch using traditional methods. As another consequence we determine properties of the mo…
We prove that ribbons, i.e. double structures associated with a line bundle $\SE$ over its reduced support, a smooth irreducible projective curve of arbitrary genus, are smoothable if their arithmetic genus is greater than or equal to $3 $ and the support curve possesses a smooth irreducible double cover with trace zero module $\SE$. The method we use is based on the infinitesimal techniques that we develop to show that if the support curve admits such a double cover then every embedded ribbon over the curve is ``infinitesimally smoothable'', i.e. the ribbon can be obtained as central fiber of…
A cusp singularity is a surface singularity whose minimal resolution is a cycle of smooth rational curves meeting transversely. Cusp singularities come in naturally dual pairs. Looijenga proved in 1981 that if a cusp singularity is smoothable, the minimal resolution of the dual cusp is the anticanonical divisor of some smooth rational surface. In 1983, the second author and Miranda gave a criterion for smoothability of a cusp singularity, in terms of the existence of a K-trivial semistable model for the central fiber of such a smoothing. We study these "Type III degenerations" of rational surf…
Minimal algebraic surfaces of general type with the smallest possible invariants have geometric genus zero and K^2=1 and are usually called "numerical Godeaux surfaces". Although they have been studied by several authors, their complete classification is not known. In this paper we classify numerical Godeaux surfaces with an involution, i.e. with an automorphism of order 2. We prove that they are birationally equivalent either to double covers of Enriques surfaces, or to double planes of two different types: the branch curve either has degree 10 and suitable singularities, originally suggested…
Let X be a smooth double cover of a geometrically ruled surface defined over a separably closed field of characteristic different from 2. The main result of this paper is a finite presentation of the 2-torsion in the Brauer group of X with generators given by central simple algebras over the function field of X and relations coming from the Néron-Severi group of X. In particular, the result gives a central simple algebra representative for the unique nontrivial Brauer class on any Enriques surface. An example demonstrating the applications to the study of rational points is given.
In this article, we study K3 double structures on minimal rational surfaces $Y$. The results show there are infinitely many non-split abstract K3 double structures on $Y = \mathbb{F}_e$ parametrized by $\mathbb P^1$, countably many of which are projective. For $Y = \mathbb{P}^2$ there exist a unique non-split abstract K3 double structure which is non-projective (see Drézet's article in arXiv:2004.04921). We show that all projective K3 carpets can be smoothed to a smooth K3 surface. One of the byproducts of the proof shows that unless $Y$ is embedded as a variety of minimal degree, there are in…
Let X be a K3 surface with an involution g which has non-empty fixed locus X^g and acts non-trivially on a non-zero holomorphic 2-form. We shall construct all such pairs (X, g) in a canonical way, from some better known double coverings of log del Pezzo surfaces of index at most 2 or rational elliptic surfaces, and construct the only family of each of the three extremal cases where X^g contains 10 (maximum possible) curves. We also classify rational log Enriques surfaces of index 2. Our approach is more geometrical rather than lattice-theoretical (see Nikulin's paper for the latter approach).
Let X be an n-dimensional Calabi-Yau with ordinary double points, where n is odd. Friedman showed that for n=3 the existence of a smoothing of X implies a specific type of relation between homology classes on a resolution of X. (The converse is also true, due to work of Friedman, Kawamata and Tian.) We sketch a more topological proof of this result, and then extend it to higher dimensions. For n>3 the "Yukawa product" on the middle dimensional (co)homology plays an unexpected role. We also discuss a converse, proving it for nodal Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces in projective space.
Let $X$ be a simple normal crossing (SNC) compact complex surface with trivial canonical bundle which includes triple intersections. We prove that if $X$ is $d$-semistable, then there exists a family of smoothings in a differential geometric sense. This can be interpreted as a differential geometric analogue of the smoothability results due to Friedman, Kawamata-Namikawa, Felten-Filip-Ruddat, Chan-Leung-Ma, and others in algebraic geometry. The proof is based on an explicit construction of local smoothings around the singular locus of $X$, and the first author's existence result of holomorphic…
Let $(X,0)$ be an ICIS of dimension 2 and let $f:(X,0)\to (\C^2,0)$ be a map germ with an isolated instability. We look at the invariants that appear when $X_s$ is a smoothing of $(X,0)$ and $f_s:X_s\to B_ε$ is a stabilization of $f$. We find relations between these invariants and also give necessary and sufficient conditions for a $1$-parameter family to be Whitney equisingular. As an application, we show that a family $(X_t,0)$ is Zariski equisingular if and only if it is Whitney equisingular and the numbers of cusps and double folds of a generic linear projection are constant on $t$.
