For each composite number $n\ne 2^k$, there does not exist a single connected closed $(n+1)$-manifold such that any smooth, simply-connected, closed $n$-manifold can be topologically flat embedded into it. There is a single connected closed 5-manifold $W$ such that any simply-connected, 4-manifold $M$ can be topologically flat embedded into $W$ if $M$ is either closed and indefinite, or compact and with non-empty boundary.
Let $N$ be a closed orientable connected $n$-manifold, $n\ge 4$. We classify embeddings of the punctured manifold $N_0$ into $\R^{2n-1}$ up to isotopy. Our result in some sense extends results of J.C. Becker -- H.H. Glover (1971) and O. Saeki (1999).
We obtain estimations for isotopy classes of embeddings of closed k-connected n-manifolds into R^{2n-k-1} for n>2k+5 and k\ge0. This is done in terms of an exact sequence involving the Whitney invariants and an explicitly constructed action of H_{k+1}(N;Z_2) on the set of embeddings. (For k\ne1 classification results were obtained by algebraic methods without direct construction of embeddings or homology invariants.) The proof involves reduction to classification of embeddings of punctured manifold and uses parametric connected sum of embeddings.
We study the spaces of embeddings of manifolds in a Euclidean space. More precisely we look at the homotopy fiber of the inclusion of these spaces to the spaces of immersions. As a main result we express the rational homotopy type of connected components of those embedding spaces through combinatorially defined $L_\infty$-algebras of diagrams.
For a topological space $X$ we study continuous maps $f : X\to \mathbb R^m$ such that images of every pairwise distinct $k$ points are affinely (linearly) independent. Such maps are called affinely (linearly) $k$-regular embeddings. We investigate the cohomology obstructions to existence of regular embeddings and give some new lower bounds on the dimension $m$ as function of $X$ and $k$, for the cases $X$ is $\mathbb R^n$ or $X$ is an $n$-dimensional manifold. In the latter case, some nonzero Stiefel--Whitney classes of $X$ help to improve the bound.
We work in the smooth category. Let N be a closed connected n-manifold and assume that m>n+2. Denote by E^m(N) the set of embeddings N -> R^m up to isotopy. The group E^m(S^n) acts on E^m(N) by embedded connected sum of a manifold and a sphere. If E^m(S^n) is non-zero (which often happens for 2m<3n+4) then no results on this action and no complete description of E^m(N) were known. Our main results are examples of the triviality and the effectiveness of this action, and a complete isotopy classification of embeddings into R^7 for certain 4-manifolds N. The proofs are based on the Kreck modifica…
In this paper we study existence and lack thereof of closed embedded orientable co-dimension one totally geodesic submanifolds of minimal volume cusped orientable hyperbolic manifolds.
We show that any closed oriented 3-manifold can be topologically embedded in some simply-connected closed symplectic 4-manifold, and that it can be made a smooth embedding after one stabilization. As a corollary of the proof we show that the homology cobordism group is generated by Stein fillable 3-manifolds. We also find obstructions on smooth embeddings: there exists 3-manifolds which cannot smoothly embed in a way that appropriately respect orientations in any symplectic manifold with weakly convex boundary. This embedding obstruction can also be used to detect exotic smooth structures on 4…
In this note, we discuss embeddings of $3$--manifolds via open books. First we show that every open book of every closed orientable $3$--manifold admits an open book embedding in any open book decompistion of $S^2 \times S^3$ and $S^2 \widetilde{\times} S^3$ with the page a disk bundle over $S^2$ and monodromy the identity. We then use open book embeddings to reprove that every closed orientable $3$--manifold embeds in $S^5.$
We discuss embedding of manifolds in the category of open books, contact manifolds and contact open books. We prove an open book version of the Haefliger--Hirsch embedding theorem by showing that every $k$-connected closed $n$-manifold ($n\geq 7$, $k < \frac{n-4}{2}$) admits an open book embedding in the trivial open book of $\mathbb{S}^{2n-k}$. We then prove that every closed manifold $M^{2n+1}$ that bounds an achiral Lefschetz fibration, admits open book embedding in the trivial open book of $\mathbb{S}^{2\lfloor\frac{3n}{2}\rfloor + 3}$. We also prove that every closed manifold $M^{2n+1}$ b…
We construct an obstruction for the existence of embeddings of homology $3$-sphere into homology $S^3\times S^1$ under some cohomological condition. The obstruction is defined as an element in the filtered version of the instanton Floer cohomology due to R.Fintushel-R.Stern. We make use of the $\mathbb{Z}$-fold covering space of homology $S^3\times S^1$ and the instantons on it.
We show that the infinite cyclic cover of the exterior of the untwisted Whitehead double of a non-trivial knot does not embed in any compact 3-manifold, answering a question of Jiang, Ni, Wang and Zhou.
In this article we study proper symplectic and iso-symplectic embeddings of $4$--manifolds in $6$--manifolds. We show that a closed orientable smooth $4$--manifold admitting a Lefschetz fibration over $\C P^1$ admits a symplectic embedding in the symplectic manifold $(\C P^1 \times \C P^1 \times \C P^1, ω_{pr}),$ where $ω_{pr}$ is the product symplectic form on $\C P^1 \times \C P^1 \times \C P^1.$ We also show that there exists a sub-critical Weinstein $6$--manifold in which all finite type Weinstein $4$--manifolds admit iso-symplectic embeddings.
Every lens space has a locally flat embedding in a connected sum of 8 copies of the complex projective plane and a smooth embedding in n copies of the complex projective plane for some positive integer n. We show that there is no n such that every lens space smoothly embeds in n copies of the complex projective plane.
In this note we observe that one can contact embed all contact 3-manifolds into a Stein fillable contact structure on the twisted $S^3$-bundle over $S^2$ and also into a unique overtwisted contact structure on $S^3\times S^2$. These results are proven using "spun embeddings" and Lefschetz fibrations.
In this paper we study embeddings of contact manifolds using braidings of one manifold about another. In particular we show how to embed many contact 3-manifolds into the standard contact 5-sphere. We also show how to obstruct braidings of one manifold about another using contact geometry.
An invariant of orientable 3-manifolds is defined by taking the minimum $n$ such that a given 3-manifold embeds in the connected sum of $n$ copies of $S^2 \times S^2$, and we call this $n$ the embedding number of the 3-manifold. We give some general properties of this invariant, and make calculations for families of lens spaces and Brieskorn spheres. We show how to construct rational and integral homology spheres whose embedding numbers grow arbitrarily large, and which can be calculated exactly if we assume the 11/8-Conjecture. In a different direction we show that any simply connected 4-mani…
A key tool in our earlier work on ends of manifolds high-dimensional manifolds was an ability to embed cobordisms provided by the Quillen Plus Construction into those ends. Here we develop a `spherical modification' trick which provides a constructive approach to obtaining such embeddings. More importantly, this approach allows for more general embedding results. In this paper we develop generalizations of the plus construction and show how the corresponding cobordisms can be embedded in manifolds satisfying appropriate fundamental group properties. Results obtained here play an important role…
We consider embeddings of 3-manifolds in $S^4$ such that each of the two complementary regions has an abelian fundamental group. In particular, we show that an homology handle $M$ has such an embedding if and only if $π_1(M)'$ is perfect, and that the embedding is then essentially unique.
This paper shows that many hyperbolic manifolds obtained by glueing arithmetic pieces embed into higher-dimensional hyperbolic manifolds as codimension-one totally geodesic submanifolds. As a consequence, many Gromov--Pyatetski-Shapiro and Agol--Belolipetsky--Thomson non-arithmetic manifolds embed geodesically. Moreover, we show that the number of commensurability classes of hyperbolic manifolds with a representative of volume $\leq v$ that bounds geometrically is at least $v^{Cv}$, for $v$ large enough.
Using an obstruction based on Donaldson's theorem on the intersection forms of definite 4-manifolds, we determine which connected sums of lens spaces smoothly embed in S^4. We also find constraints on the Seifert invariants of Seifert 3-manifolds which embed in S^4 when either the base orbifold is non-orientable or the first Betti number is odd. In addition we construct some new embeddings and use these, along with the d and mu-bar invariants, to examine the question of when the double branched cover of a 3 or 4 strand pretzel link embeds.
We prove that for any compact orientable connected 3-manifold with torus boundary, a concatenation of it and the direct product of the circle and the Klein bottle with an open 2-disk removed admits a Lagrangian embedding into the standard symplectic 6-space. Moreover, minimal Maslov number of the Lagrangian embedding is equal to 1.
The purpose of this paper is to present, for all $n\ge 3$, very simple examples of continuous maps $f:M^{n-1} \to M^{n}$ from closed $(n-1)$-manifolds $M^{n-1}$ into closed $n$-manifold $M^n$ such that even though the singular set $S(f)$ of $f$ is countable and dense, the map $f$ can nevertheless be approximated by an embedding, i.e. $f$ is a {\sl near-embedding}.
We prove that the universal cover of any graph manifold quasi-isometrically embeds into a product of three trees. In particular we show that the Assouad-Nagata dimension of the universal cover of any closed graph manifold is 3, proving a conjecture of Smirnov.
We show that a compact orientable 4-manifold M has a CR regular immersion into C3 if and only if both its first Pontryagin class and its Euler characteristic vanish, and has a CR regular embedding into C3 if and only if in addition the second Stiefel-Whitney class of M vanishes.
Let M be a PL 2-manifold and X be a compact subpolyhedron of M and let E(X, M) denote the space of embeddings of X into M with the compact-open topology. In this paper we study an extension property of embeddings of X into M and show that the restriction map from the homeomorphism group of M to E(X, M) is a principal bundle. As an application we show that if M is a Euclidean PL 2-manifold and dim X >= 1 then the triple (E(X,M), E^LIP(X,M), E^PL(X, M)) is an (s,Sigma,sigma)-manifold, where E_K^LIP(X,M) and E_K^PL(X, M) denote the subspaces of Lipschitz and PL embeddings.
In every dimension $n\ge 3$ we introduce a class of orthogonal graph-manifolds and prove that the fundamental group of any orthogonal graph-manifold quasi-isometrically embeds into a product of $n$ trees. As a consequence, we obtain that asymptotic and linearly-controlled asymptotic dimensions of such group are equal to $n$.
Suppose a finite group $G$ acts on a manifold $M$. By a theorem of Mostow, also Palais, there is a $G$-equivariant embedding of $M$ into the $m$-dimensional Euclidean space $\RR^{m}$ for some $m$. We are interested in some explicit bounds of such $m$. First we provide an upper bound: there exists a $G$-equivariant embedding of $M$ into $\RR^{d|G|+1}$, where $|G|$ is the order of $G$ and $M$ embeds into $\RR^d$. Next we provide a lower bound for finite cyclic group action $G$: If there are $l$ points having pairwise co-prime lengths of $G$-orbits greater than $1$ and there is a $G$-equivariant …
We prove that any arithmetic hyperbolic $n$-manifold of simplest type can either be geodesically embedded into an arithmetic hyperbolic $(n+1)$-manifold or its universal $\mathrm{mod}~2$ Abelian cover can.
We prove that there is an algorithm which determines whether or not a given 2-polyhedron can be embedded into some integral homology 3-sphere. This is a corollary of the following main result. Let $M$ be a compact connected orientable 3-manifold with boundary. Denote $G=\Z$, $G=\Z/p\Z$ or $G=\Q$. If $H_1(M;G)\cong G^k$ and $\bd M$ is a surface of genus $g$, then the minimal group $H_1(Q;G)$ for closed 3-manifolds $Q$ containing $M$ is isomorphic to $G^{k-g}$. Another corollary is that for a graph $L$ the minimal number $\rk H_1(Q;\Z)$ for closed orientable 3-manifolds $Q$ containing $L\times S…
This paper gives necessary and sufficient conditions on a compact, connected, orientable 3-manifold M for it to contain a knot K such that M-K is irreducible and pi_1(M) embeds in pi_1(M-K). This result provides counterexamples to a conjecture of Lopes and Morales and characterizes those orientable 3-manifolds for which it is true.
We consider embeddings of 3-manifolds $M$ in $S^4$ such that the two complementary regions $X$ and $Y$ each have nilpotent fundamental group. If $β=β_1(M)$ is odd then these groups are abelian and $β\leq3$. In general, $π_1(X)$ and $π_1(Y)$ have 3-generator presentations, and $β\leq6$. We determine all such nilpotent groups which are torsion-free and have Hirsch length $\leq5$.
We give a simple axiomatic definition of a rational-valued invariant s(W,V,e) of triples (W,V,e), where W is a (smooth, oriented, closed) 6-manifold and V is a 3-submanifold of W, and where e is a second rational cohomology class of the complement of V satisfying a certain condition. The definition is stated in terms of cobordisms of such triples and the signature of 4-manifolds. When W = S^6 and V is a smoothly embedded 3-sphere, and when e/2 is the Poincare dual of a Seifert surface of V, the invariant coincides with -8 times Haefliger's embedding invariant of (S^6,V). Our definition recover…
The purpose of this article is to study co-dimension $2$ iso-contact embeddings of closed contact manifolds. We first show that a closed contact manifold $(M^{2n-1}, ξ_M)$ iso-contact embeds in a contact manifold $(N^{2n+1}, ξ_N),$ provided $M$ contact embeds in $(N, ξ_N)$ with a trivial normal bundle and the contact structure induced on $M$ via this embedding is homotopic as an almost-contact structure to $ξ_M.$ We apply this result to first establish that a closed contact $3$--manifold having no $2$--torsion in its second integral cohomology iso-contact embeds in the standard contact $5$--sp…
We prove that any compact almost complex manifold $(M, J)$ of real dimension $2m$ admits a pseudo-holomorphic embedding in a Euclidean space of dimension $4m + 2$, endowed with a suitable non-standard almost complex structure. Moreover, we give a necessary and sufficient condition, expressed in terms of the Segre class of $(M, J)$, for the existence of an embedding or an immersion in an almost complex Euclidean $4m$-space. We also discuss the pseudo-holomorphic embeddings of an almost complex 4-manifold in $R^6$.
A link in the 3-sphere is homotopically trivial, according to Milnor, if its components bound disjoint maps of disks in the 4-ball. This paper concerns the question of what spaces give rise to the same class of homotopically trivial links when used in place of disks in an analogous definition. We show that there are 4-manifolds for which this property depends on their embedding in the 4-ball. This work is motivated by the A-B slice problem, a reformulation of the 4-dimensional topological surgery conjecture. As a corollary this provides a new, secondary, obstruction in the A-B slice problem fo…
Lickorish has constructed large families of contractible 4--manifolds that have knotted embeddings in the 4--sphere and has also shown that every finitely presented perfect group with balanced presentation occurs as the fundamental group of the complement of a knotted contractible manifold. Here we make a few observations regarding Lickorish's construction, showing how to extend it to construct contractible 4--manifolds which have an infinite number of knotted embeddings and also to construct knotted embeddings of the Mazur manifold for which the complement has trivial fundamental group.
Whenever a finitely generated group $G$ acts properly discontinuously by isometries on a metric space $X$, there is an induced uniform embedding (a Lipschitz and uniformly proper map) $ρ: G \rightarrow X$ given by mapping $G$ to an orbit. We study when there is a difference between a finitely generated group $G$ acting properly on a contractible $n$-manifold and uniformly embedding into a contractible $n$-manifold. For example, Kapovich and Kleiner showed that there are torsion-free hyperbolic groups that uniformly embed into a contractible $3$-manifold but only virtually act on a contractible…
We show that a pseudo-holomorphic embedding of an almost-complex $2n$-manifold into almost-complex $(2n + 2)$-Euclidean space exists if and only if there is a CR regular embedding of the $2n$-manifold into complex $(n + 1)$-space. We remark that the fundamental group does not place any restriction on the existence of either kind of embedding when $n$ is at least three. We give necessary and sufficient conditions in terms of characteristic classes for a closed almost-complex 6-manifold to admit a pseudo-holomorphic embedding into $\R^8$ equipped with an almost-complex structure that need not be…
