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arXiv math/0508372math.DGmath.AT
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带边界黎曼流形上调和形式的上同调

Cohomology of Harmonic Forms on Riemannian Manifolds With Boundary

Sylvain Cappell, Dennis DeTurck, Herman Gluck, Edward Y. Miller

摘要:

定理设M是一个紧的、连通的、有向的、光滑的、具有非空边界的n维黎曼流形。则M上调和形式的复形(Harm*(M),d)的上同调由直和H^p(Harm*(M),d)= H^p(M;R)+ H^(p-1)(M;R)给出,其中p= 0,1,.,n.当M是一个闭流形时,一个形式是调和的当且仅当它既是闭的又是余闭的。在这种情况下,复形(Harm*(M),d)中的所有映射都为零,因此H^p(Harm*(M),d)= Harm^p(M)= H^p(M;R)。相反,当M是连通的且有非空边界时,p-形式可能是调和的,而不是闭的和上闭的。其中一些是精确的,虽然不是调和p-1-形式的外导数,但代表了上述定理中出现的p维调和上同调中普通p-1维上同调的“回声”。

英文摘要:

Theorem. Let M be a compact, connected, oriented smooth Riemannian n-manifold with non-empty boundary. Then the cohomology of the complex (Harm*(M),d) of harmonic forms on M is given by the direct sum H^p(Harm*(M),d) = H^p(M;R) + H^(p-1)(M;R) for p=0,1,...,n. When M is a closed manifold, a form is harmonic if and only if it is both closed and co-closed. In this case, all the maps in the complex (Harm*(M),d) are zero, and so H^p(Harm*(M),d) = Harm^p(M) = H^p(M;R) according to the classical theorem of Hodge. By contrast, when M is connected and has non-empty boundary, it is possible for a p-form to be harmonic without being both closed and co-closed. Some of these, which are exact, although not exterior derivatives of harmonic p-1-forms, represent the "echo" of the ordinary p-1-dimensional cohomology within the p-dimensional harmonic cohomology that appears in the above theorem.

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