Let $H$ be the Iwahori--Hecke algebra associated with $S_n$, the symmetric group on $n$ symbols. This algebra has two important bases: the Kazhdan--Lusztig basis and the Murphy basis. While the former admits a deep geometric interpretation, the latter leads to a purely combinatorial construction of the representations of $H$, including the Dipper--James theory of Specht modules. In this paper, we establish a precise connection between the two bases, allowing us to give, for the first time, purely algebraic proofs for a number of fundamental properties of the Kazhdan--Lusztig basis and Lusztig's results on the $a$-function.
In this paper, we prove a decomposition formula for the Kazhdan-Lusztig basis of affine Hecke algebras of rank 2 with positive weight function. Then we discuss some applications of this kind of decomposition to Lusztig's conjectures P1-P15.
A positive level Kazhdan-Lusztig functor is defined using Arkhipov-Gaitsgory duality for affine Lie algebras. The functor sends objects in the DG category of G(O)-equivariant positive level affine Lie algebra modules to objects in the DG category of modules over Lusztig's quantum group at a root of unity. We prove that the semi-infinite cohomology functor for positive level modules factors through the Kazhdan-Lusztig functor at positive level and the quantum group cohomology functor with respect to the positive part of Lusztig's quantum group.
We give an informal introduction to the authors' work on some conjectures of Kazhdan and Lusztig, building on work of Soergel and de Cataldo-Migliorini. This article is an expanded version of a lecture given by the second author at the Arbeitstagung in memory of Friedrich Hirzebruch.
In the last section of the paper "Generalized induction of Kazhdan-Lusztig cells" and in "Kazhdan-Lusztig cells in affine Weyl groups of rank 2" the author described the partition into Kazhdan-Lusztig cells of the affine Weyl groups of rank 2 for all choices of parameters. The proof of these results relies on some explicit computations with GAP. In these notes we give some details of these computations.
Let $W$ be a finite Coxeter group. It is well-known that the number of involutions in $W$ is equal to the sum of the degrees of the irreducible characters of $W$. Following a suggestion of Lusztig, we show that this equality is compatible with the decomposition of $W$ into Kazhdan--Lusztig cells. The proof uses a generalisation of the Frobenius--Schur indicator to symmetric algebras, which may be of independent interest.
The Kazhdan-Lusztig parameters are important parameters in the representation theory of $p$-adic groups and affine Hecke algebras. We show that the Kazhdan-Lusztig parameters have a definite geometric structure, namely that of the extended quotient $T//W$ of a complex torus $T$ by a finite Weyl group $W$. More generally, we show that the corresponding parameters, in the principal series of a reductive $p$-adic group with connected centre, admit such a geometric structure. This confirms, in a special case, our recently formulated geometric conjecture. In the course of this study, we provide a u…
Let $(W,S,L)$ be a weighted Coxeter system and $J$ a subset of $S$, Yin [12] introduced the weighted $W$-graph ideal $E_J$ and the weighted Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials $ \left \{ P_{x,y} \mid x,y\in E_J\right \}$. In this paper, we study the combinatorial formulas for $P_{x,y}$, which will extend the results of Brenti [2] and Deodhar [5].
In this paper, we study the Kazhdan--Lusztig cells of a Coxeter group $W$ in a ``relative'' setting, with respect to a parabolic subgroup $W_I \subseteq W$. This relies on a factorization of the Kazhdan--Lusztig basis $\{C_w\}$ of the corresponding (multi-parameter) Iwahori--Hecke algebra with respect to $W_I$. We obtain two applications to the ``asymptotic case'' in type $B_n$, as introduced by Bonnafé--Iancu: we show that $\{C_w\}$ is a ``cellular basis'' in the sense of Graham--Lehrer, and we construct an analogue of Lusztig's canonical isomorphism from the Iwahori--Hecke algebra to the gro…
A theorem of Kazhdan and Lusztig establishes an equivalence between the category of G(CO)-integrable representations of the Kac-Moody algebra \hat{g}_{-κ} at a negative level -κand the category \Rep_q(G) of (algebraic) representations of the "big" (a.k.a. Lusztig's) quantum group. In this paper we propose a conjecture that describes the category of Iwahori-integrable Kac-Moody modules. The corresponding object on the quantum group side, denoted Rep^{mxd}_q(G), involves Lusztig's version of the quantum group for the Borel and the De Concini-Kac version for the negative Borel.
Perhaps the most important problem in representation theory in the 1970s and early 1980s was the determination of the multiplicity of composition factors in a Verma module. This problem was settled by the proof of the Kazhdan-Lusztig Conjecture which states that the multiplicities may be computed via Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials. In this paper, we introduce signed Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials, a variation of Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials which encodes signature information in addition to composition factor multiplicities and Jantzen filtration level. Careful consideration of Gabber and Joseph's pr…
Dipper, James and Murphy generalized the classical Specht module theory to Hecke algebras of type $B_n$. On the other hand, for any choice of a monomial order on the parameters in type $B_n$, we obtain corresponding Kazhdan--Lusztig cell modules. In this paper, we show that the Specht modules are naturally equivalent to the Kazhdan--Lusztig cell modules {\em if} we choose the dominance order on the parameters, as in the ``asymptotic case'' studied by Bonnafé and the second named author. We also give examples which show that such an equivalence does not hold for other choices of monomial orders…
Following Lusztig, we consider a Coxeter group $W$ together with a weight function. Geck showed that the Kazhdan-Lusztig cells of $W$ are compatible with parabolic subgroups. In this paper, we generalize this argument to some subsets of $W$ which may not be parabolic subgroups. We obtain two applications: we show that under specific technical conditions on the parameters, the cells of a certain finite parabolic subgroup of $W$ are cells in the whole group, and we decompose the affine Weyl group $\tilde{G}_{2}$ into left and two-sided cells for a whole class of weight functions.
In 1979, Kazhdan and Lusztig developed a combinatorial theory associated with Coxeter groups. They defined in particular partitions of the group in left and two-sided cells. In 1983, Lusztig generalized this theory to Hecke algebras of Coxeter groups with unequal parameters. We propose a definition of left cells and two-sided cells for complex reflection groups, based on ramification theory for Calogero-Moser spaces. These spaces have been defined via rational Cherednik algebras by Etingof and Ginzburg. We conjecture that these coincide with Kazhdan-Lusztig cells, for real reflection groups. C…
We study a category of Whittaker modules over a complex semisimple Lie algebra by realizing it as a category of twisted D-modules on the associated flag variety using Beilinson-Bernstein localization. The main result of this paper is the development of a geometric algorithm for computing the composition multiplicities of standard Whittaker modules. This algorithm establishes that these multiplicities are determined by a collection of polynomials we refer to as Whittaker Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials. In the case of trivial nilpotent character, this algorithm specializes to the usual algorithm fo…
Let C be a one- or two-sided Kazhdan--Lusztig cell in a Coxeter group (W,S), and let Reduced(C) denote the set of reduced expressions of all w in C, regarded as a language over the alphabet S. Casselman has conjectured that Reduced(C) is regular. In this paper we give a conjectural description of the cells when W is the group corresponding to a hyperbolic polygon, and show that our conjectures imply Casselman's.
Motivated by studying the Unitary Dual Problem, a variation of Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials was defined in [Yee08] which encodes signature information at each level of the Jantzen filtration. These so called signed Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials may be used to compute the signatures of invariant Hermitian forms on irreducible highest weight modules. The key result of this paper is a simple relationship between signed Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials and classical Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials: signed Kahzdan-Lusztig polynomials are shown to equal classical Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials evaluated at $-q$ ra…
We determine the decomposition numbers for the Brauer and walled Brauer algebra in characteristic zero in terms of certain polynomials associated to cap and curl diagrams (recovering a result of Martin in the Brauer case). We consider a second family of polynomials associated to such diagrams, and use these to determine projective resolutions of the standard modules. We then relate these two families of polynomials to Kazhdan-Lusztig theory via the work of Lascoux-Schützenberger and Boe, inspired by work of Brundan and Stroppel in the cap diagram case.
We use power sums plethysm operators to introduce H functions which interpolate between the Weyl characters and the Hall-Littlewood functions Q' corresponding to classical Lie groups. The coefficients of these functions on the basis of Weyl characters are parabolic Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials and thus, are nonnegative. We prove that they can be regarded as quantizations of branching coefficients obtained by restriction to certain Levi subgroups. The H functions associated to linear groups coincide with the polynomials introduced by Lascoux Leclerc and Thibon (LLT polynomials).
Motivated by the concepts of the inverse Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomial and the equivariant Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomial, Proudfoot defined the equivariant inverse Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomial for a matroid. In this paper, we show that the equivariant inverse Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomial of a matroid is very useful for determining its equivariant Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials, and we determine the equivariant inverse Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials for Boolean matroids and uniform matroids. As an application, we give a new proof of Gedeon, Proudfoot and Young's formula for the equivariant Kazhdan-Lusztig poly…
We describe the irreducible components of Springer fibers for hook and two-row nilpotent elements of gl_n(C) as iterated bundles of flag manifolds and Grassmannians. We then relate the topology (in particular, the intersection homology Poincare' polynomials) of the intersections of these components with the inner products of the Kazhdan-Lusztig basis elements of irreducible representations of the rational Iwahori-Hecke algebra of type A corresponding to the hook and two-row Young shapes.
We define Kazhdan-Lusztig bases and study asymptotic forms for affine $q$-Schur algebras following Du and McGerty. We will show that the analogues of Lusztig's conjectures for Hecke algebras with unequal parameters hold for affine $q$-Schur algebras. We will also show that the affine $q$-Schur algebra $\mathcal{S}_{q,k}^{\vartriangle}(2,2)$ over a field $k$ has finite global dimension when char $k=0$ and $1+q\neq 0.$
The purpose of this work is to provide a common combinatorial framework for some of the analogues and generalizations of Kazhdan-Lusztig R-polynomials that have appeared since the introduction of these remarkable polynomials (e.g., parabolic Kazhdan-Lusztig R-polynomials, Kazhdan-Lusztig R-polynomials of zircons, and Kazhdan-Lusztig-Vogan polynomials for fixed point free involutions).
Following Lusztig, we consider a Coxeter group $W$ together with a weight function $L$. This gives rise to the pre-order relation $\leq_{L}$ and the corresponding partition of $W$ into left cells. We introduce an equivalence relation on weight functions such that, in particular, $\leq_{L}$ is constant on equivalent classes. We shall work this out explicitly for $W$ of type $F_4$ and check that several of Lusztig's conjectures concerning left cells with unequal parameters hold in this case, even for those parameters which do not admit a geometric interpretation. The proofs involve some explicit…
We provide a short proof on the change-of-basis coefficients from the Specht basis to the Kazhdan-Lusztig basis, using Kazhdan-Lusztig theory for parabolic Hecke algebra.
Let "$\leq_L$" be the Kazhdan-Lusztig left cell preorder on the symmetric group $S_n$. Let $w\mapsto (P(w),Q(w))$ be the Robinson-Schensted-Knuth correspondence between $S_n$ and the set of standard tableaux with the same shapes. We prove that for any $x,y\in S_n$, $x\leq_L y$ only if $Q(y)\unrhd Q(x)$, where "$\unrhd$" is the dominance (partial) order between standard tableaux. As a byproduct, we generalize an earlier result of Geck by showing that each Kazhdan-Lusztig basis element $C'_w$ can be expressed as a linear combination of some $m_{uv}$ which satisfies that $u\unrhd P(w)^*$, $v\unrh…
We consider the set $\Irr(W)$ of (complex) irreducible characters of a finite Coxeter group $W$. The Kazhdan--Lusztig theory of cells gives rise to a partition of $\Irr(W)$ into "families" and to a natural partial order $\leq_{\cLR}$ on these families. Following an idea of Spaltenstein, we show that $\leq_{\cLR}$ can be characterised (and effectively computed) in terms of standard operations in the character ring of $W$. If, moreover, $W$ is the Weyl group of an algebraic group $G$, then $\leq_{\cLR}$ can be interpreted, via the Springer correspondence, in terms of the closure relation among t…
In well-known work, Kazhdan and Lusztig (1979) defined a new set of Hecke algebra basis elements (actually two such sets) associated to elements in any Coxeter group. Often these basis elements are computed by a standard recursive algorithm which, for Coxeter group elements of long length, generally involves computing most basis elements corresponding to Coxeter group elements of smaller length. Thus, many calculations simply compute all basis elements associated to a given length or less, even if the interest is in a specific Kazhdan-Lusztig basis element. Similar remarks apply to "parabolic"…
Let k be an algebraically closed field of characteristic p>0 and let G be a symplectic or general linear group over k. We consider induced modules for G under the assumption that p is bigger than the greatest hook length in the partitions involved. We give explicit constructions of left resolutions of induced modules by tilting modules. Furthermore, we give injective resolutions for induced modules in certain truncated categories. We show that the multiplicities of the indecomposable tilting and injective modules in these resolutions are the coefficients of certain Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials.…
In 1979, Kazhdan and Lusztig introduced the notion of "cells" (left, right and two-sided) for a Coxeter group $W$, a concept with numerous applications in Lie theory and around. Here, we address algorithmic aspects of this theory for finite $W$ which are important in applications, e.g., run explicitly through all left cells, determine the values of Lusztig's $\ba$-function, identify the characters of left cell representations. The aim is to show how type $E_8$ (the largest group of exceptional type) can be handled systematically and efficiently, too. This allows us, for the first time, to solv…
For a composition $λ$ of $n$ we consider the Kazhdan-Lusztig cell in the symmetric group $S_n$ containing the longest element of the standard parabolic subgroup of $S_n$ associated to $λ$. In this paper we extend some of the ideas and results in [{Beitr{ä}ge} zur Algebra und Geometrie, \textbf{59} (2018), no.~3, 523--547]. In particular, by introducing the notion of an ordered $k$-path, we are able to obtain alternative explicit descriptions for some additional families of cells associated to compositions. This is achieved by first determining the rim of the cell, from which reduced forms for …
Let $(W,S)$ be any Coxeter system and let $w \mapsto w^*$ be an involution of $W$ which preserves the set of simple generators $S$. Lusztig and Vogan have shown that the corresponding set of twisted involutions (i.e., elements $w \in W$ with $w^{-1} = w^*$) naturally generates a module of the Hecke algebra of $(W,S)$ with two distinguished bases. The transition matrix between these bases defines a family of polynomials $P^σ_{y,w}$ which one can view as a "twisted" analogue of the much-studied family of Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials of $(W,S)$. The polynomials $P^σ_{y,w}$ can have negative coeffi…
Irreducibility results for parabolic induction of representations of the general linear group over a local non-archimedean field can be formulated in terms of Kazhdan--Lusztig polynomials of type $A$. Spurred by these results and some computer calculations, we conjecture that certain alternating sums of Kazhdan--Lusztig polynomials known as parabolic Kazhdan--Lusztig polynomials satisfy properties analogous to those of the ordinary ones.
In this paper we prove the Kazhdan-Lusztig type character formula for irreducible highest weight modules with positive rational highest weights over symmetrizable Kac-Moody Lie algebras.
We shall give a description of the intersection cohomology groups of the Schubert varieties in partial flag manifolds over symmetrizable Kac-Moody Lie algebras in terms of parabolic Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials introduced by Deodhar.
Masures (previously also known as hovels) are a generalization of the theory of affine buildings for arbitrary $p$-adic Kac-Moody groups. Gaussent and Rousseau invented masures to compute the Satake transform for $p$-adic Kac-Moody groups. Their answer is given as a sum over Hecke paths, which are certain piecewise linear paths. Guided by their method we give a definition of double affine Kazhdan-Lusztig $R$-polynomials as a sum over piecewise linear paths that we call $I_\infty$-Hecke paths. Remarkably, the notion of $I_\infty$-Hecke path, which arises from masure theoretic considerations, is…
We propose a combinatorial interpretation of the coefficient of $q$ in Kazhdan- Lusztig polynomials and we prove it for finite simply-laced Weyl groups.
We obtain explicit branching rules for graded cell modules and graded simple modules over the endomorphism algebra of a Bott-Samelson bimodule. These rules allow us to categorify a well-known recursive formula for Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials.
Kazhdan and Lusztig define, for an arbitrary Coxeter system $(W,S)$, a family of polynomials indexed by pairs of elements of $W$. Despite their relevance and elementary definition, the explicit computation of these polynomials is still one of the hardest open problems in algebraic combinatorics. In this paper we explicitly compute Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials for a Coxeter system of type $\tilde{B}_2$.
Admissible W-graphs were defined and combinatorially characterised by Stembridge in reference [12]. The theory of admissible W-graphs was motivated by the need to construct W-graphs for Kazhdan-Lusztig cells, which play an important role in the representation theory of Hecke algebras, without computing Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials. In this paper, we shall show that type A-admissible W-cells are Kazhdan-Lusztig as conjectured by Stembridge in his original paper.
Computations in small Coxeter groups and infinite dihedral groups suggest that Kazhdan-Lusztig cells for unequal parameters obey to some "semicontinuity" phenomenon (as the parameter vary). The aim of this paper is to provide a rigorous theoretical background that allows to state some precise conjectures.
We derive a formula for the entries of the (unitriangular) transition matrices between the standard monomial and dual canonical bases of the irreducible polynomial representations of U_q(gl_n) in terms of Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials.
Using a characterization of a generalized $τ$-invariant for intermediate parameter Hecke algebras in type $B_n$, we verify a conjectural description of Kazhdan-Lusztig cells in this setting due to C. Bonnafé, L. Iancu, M. Geck, and T. Lam.
We explain a strategy for a proof of the positivity of all coefficients of Kazhdan-Lusztig-polynomials for arbitrary Coxeter groups by constructing spaces whose dimensions we conjecture to be these coefficients.
Lusztig proved that the Kazhdan-Lusztig basis of a spherical Hecke algebra can be essentially identified with the Weyl characters of the Langlands dual group. We generalize this result to the unequal parameter case. The new proof is pretty simple and quite different from Lusztig's.
We use Kazhdan-Lusztig bases of representations of the symmetric group to express Pfaffians with entries $(a_i-a_j) h_{i+j}$. In the case where the parameters $a_i$ are specialized to successive powers of $q$, and the $h_i$ are complete functions, we obtain the $q$-discriminant.
We refine an idea of Deodhar, whose goal is a counting formula for Kazhdan-Lusztig polynomials. This is a consequence of a simple observation that one can use the solution of Soergel's conjecture to make ambiguities involved in defining certain morphisms between Soergel bimodules in characteristic zero (double leaves) disappear.
