Rank distribution in a family of cubic twists

Ranks of elliptic curves in families of quadratic twists

We show that the unboundedness of the ranks of the quadratic twists of an elliptic curve is equivalent to the divergence of certain infinite series.

三次 twists 的 $GL_n(\mathbb{Q})$ $L$-函数非消失

Non-Vanishing of Cubic Twists of $GL_n(\mathbb{Q})$ $L$-functions

本文研究了三次Dirichlet字符与$GL_n(\mathbb{Q})$自动表示的$L$-函数非消失问题，证明了在特定实部条件下存在无限多个原始三次Dirichlet字符使$L$-函数不为零。

Average rank of quadratic twists with a rational point of almost minimal height

Given a family of quadratic twists of a fixed elliptic curve defined over $\mathbb{Q}$, we investigate the average rank in the subfamily of twists having a nontorsion rational point of almost minimal height. We show in particular that the average analytic rank is greater than one.

Ranks of elliptic curves in cubic extensions

For an elliptic curve E over a number field K, we prove that the algebraic rank of E goes up in infinitely many extensions of K obtained by adjoining a cube root of an element of K. As an example, we briefly discuss E=X_1(11) over Q, and how the result relates to Iwasawa theory.

Selmer Ranks of twists of hyperelliptic curves and superelliptic curves

We study the variation of Selmer ranks of Jacobians of twists of hyperelliptic curves and superelliptic curves. We find sufficient conditions for such curves to have infinitely many twists whose Jacobians have Selmer ranks equal to $r$, for any given nonnegative integer $r$. This generalizes earlier results of Mazur-Rubin on elliptic curves.

Average rank in families of quadratic twists: a geometric point of view

We investigate the average rank in the family of quadratic twists of a given elliptic curve defined over $\mathbb{Q}$, when the curves are ordered using the canonical height of their lowest non-torsion rational point.

On the Ranks of the 2-Selmer Groups of Twists of a Given Elliptic Curve

We extend work of Swinnerton-Dyer on the density of the number of twists of a given elliptic curve that have 2-Selmer group of a particular rank.

On Conjectural Rank Parities of Quartic and Sextic Twists of Elliptic Curves

We study the behavior under twisting of the Selmer rank parities of a self-dual prime-degree isogeny on a principally polarized abelian variety defined over a number field, subject to compatibility relations between the twists and the isogeny. In particular, we study isogenies on abelian varieties whose Selmer rank parities are related to the rank parities of elliptic curves with $j$-invariant 0 or 1728, assuming the Shafarevich-Tate conjecture. Using these results, we show how to classify the conjectural rank parities of all quartic or sextic twists of an elliptic curve defined over a number …

On positive proportion of rank zero twists of elliptic curves over Q

Extending the idea of \cite{dab2} and using the 2-descent method, we provide three general families of elliptic curves over Q such that a positive proportion of prime-twists of such elliptic curves have rank zero simultaneously.

一类密度为一的实三次域族中泛二次型秩的下界估计

Lower bound estimates for the rank of universal quadratic forms in some families of real cubic fields with density one

本文在密度为一的实三次域族中，利用不可分解整数和短向量性质，给出了泛二次型秩的明确下界估计，并推广到表示给定整数所有倍数的情形。

An explicit family of cubic number fields with large $2$-rank of the class group

We show how to construct infinite families of explicitly determined cubic number fields whose class group has a subgroup isomorphic to $(\mathbb{Z}/2)^8$ using degree $1$ del Pezzo surfaces. We illustrate the method and provide an example of such a family.

Central values of $L$-functions of cubic twists

We are interested in finding for which positive integers $D$ we have rational solutions for the equation $x^3+y^3=D.$ The aim of this paper is to compute the value of the $L$-function $L(E_D, 1)$ for the elliptic curves $E_D: x^3+y^3=D$. For the case of $p$ prime $p\equiv 1\mod 9$, two formulas have been computed by Rodriguez-Villegas and Zagier. We have computed formulas that relate $L(E_D, 1)$ to the square of a trace of a modular function at a CM point. This offers a criterion for when the integer $D$ is the sum of two rational cubes. Furthermore, when $L(E_D, 1)$ is nonzero we get a formul…

Ranks of elliptic curves over cyclic cubic, quartic, and sextic extensions

For a given group $G$ and an elliptic curve $E$ defined over a number field $K$, I discuss the problem of finding $G$-extensions of $K$ over which $E$ gains rank. I prove the following theorem, extending a result of Fearnley, Kisilevsky, and Kuwata: Let $n = 3,4,$ or $6$. If $K$ contains its $n^{th}$-roots of unity then, for any elliptic curve $E$ over $K$, there are infinitely many $\mathbb{Z}/n\mathbb{Z}$-extensions of $K$ over which $E$ gains rank.

The distribution of 2-Selmer ranks of quadratic twists of elliptic curves with partial two-torsion

This paper presents a new result concerning the distribution of 2-Selmer ranks in the quadratic twist family of an elliptic curve over an arbitrary number field K with a single point of order two that does not have a cyclic 4-isogeny defined over its two-division field. We prove that at least half of all the quadratic twists of such an elliptic curve have arbitrarily large 2-Selmer rank, showing that the distribution of 2-Selmer ranks in the quadratic twist family of such an elliptic curve differs from the distribution of 2-Selmer ranks in the quadratic twist family of an elliptic curve having…

On the Distribution of 2-Selmer Ranks within Quadratic Twist Families of Elliptic Curves with Partial Rational Two-Torsion

This paper presents a new result concerning the distribution of 2-Selmer ranks in the quadratic twist family of an elliptic curve with a single point of order two that does not have a cyclic 4-isogeny defined over its two-division field. We prove that at least half of all the quadratic twists of such an elliptic curve have arbitrarily large 2-Selmer rank, showing that the distribution of 2-Selmer ranks in the quadratic twist family of such an elliptic curve differs from the distribution of 2-Selmer ranks in the quadratic twist family of an elliptic curve having either no rational two-torsion o…

Quadratic twists of abelian varieties and disparity in Selmer ranks

We study the parity of 2-Selmer ranks in the family of quadratic twists of a fixed principally polarised abelian variety over a number field. Specifically, we determine the proportion of twists having odd (resp. even) 2-Selmer rank. This generalises work of Klagsbrun--Mazur--Rubin for elliptic curves and Yu for Jacobians of hyperelliptic curves. Several differences in the statistics arise due to the possibility that the Shafarevich--Tate group (if finite) may have order twice a square. In particular, the statistics for parities of 2-Selmer ranks and 2-infinity Selmer ranks need no longer agree…

Ranks of twists of elliptic curves and Hilbert's Tenth Problem

In this paper we investigate the 2-Selmer rank in families of quadratic twists of elliptic curves over arbitrary number fields. We give sufficient conditions on an elliptic curve so that it has twists of arbitrary 2-Selmer rank, and we give lower bounds for the number of twists (with bounded conductor) that have a given 2-Selmer rank. As a consequence, under appropriate hypotheses we can find many twists with trivial Mordell-Weil group, and (assuming the Shafarevich-Tate conjecture) many others with infinite cyclic Mordell-Weil group. Using work of Poonen and Shlapentokh, it follows from our r…

Note on the rank of quadratic twists of Mordell equations

14H52 : Elliptic curves Let E be the elliptic curve given by a Mordell equation y^2=x^3-A where A is an integer. For certain A, we use Stoll's formula to compute a lower bound for the proportion of square-free integers D up to X such that the Mordell-Weil rank of the quadratic twist by D is less than 2k, for given non-negative k. We also compute an upper bound for a certain average rank of quadratic twists of E.

CM阿贝尔簇扭变中的Selmer秩

Selmer ranks in twists of CM abelian varieties

本研究证明CM阿贝尔簇的若干p次扭变族中Selmer秩服从辛或酉分布，借此推出含本原p次单位根的数域上扭变费马曲线大多无解，并探讨了素数次循环扩张中的秩增长。

Regulators of rank one quadratic twists

We investigate the regulators of elliptic curves with rank 1 in some families of quadratic twists of a fixed elliptic curve. In particular, we formulate some conjectures on the average size of these regulators. We also describe an efficient algorithm to compute explicitly some of the invariants of an odd quadratic twist of an elliptic curve (regulator, order of the Tate-Shafarevich group, etc.) and we discuss the numerical data that we obtain and compare it with our predictions.

关于 Mordell 曲线秩零二次扭曲的一个注记

A note on rank zero quadratic twists of a Mordell curve

本文构造了 Mordell 曲线 $y^2=x^3+2$ 的两族秩零二次扭曲，并提供了支持该结果的数值例子。

Selmer Ranks of Quadratic Twists of Elliptic Curves with Partial Rational Two-Torsion

This paper investigates which integers can appear as 2-Selmer ranks within the quadratic twist family of an elliptic curve E defined over a number field K with E(K)[2] = Z/2Z. We show that if E does not have a cyclic 4-isogeny defined over K(E[2]), then subject only to constant 2-Selmer parity, each non-negative integer appears infinitely often as the 2-Selmer rank of a quadratic twist of E. If E has a cyclic 4-isogeny defined over K(E[2]) but not over K, then we prove the same result for 2-Selmer ranks greater than or equal to r_2, the number of complex places of K. We also obtain results abo…

On the rank of quadratic twists of elliptic curvers over function fields

We prove quantitative upper bounds for the number of quadratic twists of a given elliptic curve $E/\Fp_q(C)$ over a function field over a finite field that have rank $\geq 2$, and for their average rank. The main tools are constructions and results of Katz and uniform versions of the Chebotarev density theorem for varieties over finite fields. Moreover, we conditionally derive a bound in some cases where the degree of the conductor is unbounded.

Rank growth of elliptic curves in nonabelian extensions

Given an elliptic curve $E/\mathbb{Q}$, it is a conjecture of Goldfeld that asymptotically half of its quadratic twists will have rank zero and half will have rank one. Nevertheless, higher rank twists do occur: subject to the parity conjecture, Gouvêa and Mazur constructed $X^{1/2-ε}$ twists by discriminants up to $X$ with rank at least two. For any $d\geq 3$, we build on their work to consider twists by degree $d$ $S_d$-extensions of $\mathbb{Q}$ with discriminant up to $X$. We prove that there are at least $X^{c_d-ε}$ such twists with positive rank, where $c_d$ is a positive constant that t…

Three-isogeny Selmer groups and ranks of abelian varieties in quadratic twist families over a number field

For an abelian variety $A$ over a number field $F$, we prove that the average rank of the quadratic twists of $A$ is bounded, under the assumption that the multiplication-by-3 isogeny on $A$ factors as a composition of 3-isogenies over $F$. This is the first such boundedness result for an absolutely simple abelian variety $A$ of dimension greater than one. In fact, we exhibit such twist families in arbitrarily large dimension and over any number field. In dimension one, we deduce that if $E/F$ is an elliptic curve admitting a 3-isogeny, then the average rank of its quadratic twists is bounded.…

Quadratic Twists of Elliptic Curves with Small Selmer Rank

Given an elliptic curve E over the rational with no rational 2-torsion points, we prove the existence of a quadratic twist of E for which the 2-Selmer rank is less than or equal to 1. By the author's earlier result, we establish a lower bound on the number of D's for which the twists E(D) have 2-Selmer rank <= 1. We include in the introduction our (brief) opinion about why it is supposed to be hard to push our technique to make the Selmer group trivial.

Rank frequencies for quadratic twists of elliptic curves

We give explicit examples of infinite families of elliptic curves E over Q with (nonconstant) quadratic twists over Q(t) of rank at least 2 and 3. We recover some results announced by Mestre, as well as some additional families. Suppose D is a squarefree integer and let r_E(D) denote the rank of the quadratic twist of E by D. We apply results of Stewart and Top to our examples to obtain results of the form #{D : |D| < x, r_E(D) >= 2} >> x^{1/3}, #{D : |D| < x, r_E(D) >= 3} >> x^{1/6} for all sufficiently large x.

Class Number and Regulator Computation in Purely Cubic Function Fields of Unit Rank Two

We describe and give computational results of a procedure to compute the divisor class number and regulator of most purely cubic function fields of unit rank 2. Our implementation is an improvement to Pollard's Kangaroo method in infrastructures, using distribution results of class numbers as well as information on the congruence class of the divisor class number, and an adaptation that efficiently navigates these torus-shaped infrastructures. Moreover, this is the first time that an efficient "square-root" algorithm has been applied to the infrastructure of a global field of unit rank 2. With…

Quadratic Twists of Elliptic Curves with 3-Selmer Rank 1

A weaker form of a 1979 conjecture of Goldfeld states that for every elliptic curve $E/\mathbb{Q}$, a positive proportion of its quadratic twists $E^{(d)}$ have rank 1. Using tools from Galois cohomology, we give criteria on E and d which force a positive proportion of the quadratic twists of E to have 3-Selmer rank 1 and global root number -1. We then give four nonisomorphic infinite families of elliptic curves $E_{m, n}$ which satisfy these criteria. Conditional on the rank part of the Birch and Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture, this verifies the aforementioned conjecture for infinitely many ellip…

满足 Heegner 假设的二次扭转下的 Selmer 秩

Selmer ranks under quadratic twists satisfying the Heegner hypothesis

本文研究满足 Heegner 假设的二次扭转下 Selmer 秩的变化，推导出基于 $\mathbb{F}_2$ 矩阵的显式公式，并证明其与奇偶猜想相容。

High rank quadratic twists of pairs of elliptic curves

Given a pair of elliptic curves $E_1$ and $E_2$ over the rational field $\mathbb Q$ whose $j$-invariants are not simultaneously 0 or 1728, Kuwata and Wang proved the existence of infinitely many square-free rationals $d$ such that the $d$-quadratic twists of $E_1$ and $E_2$ are both of positive rank. We construct infinite families of pairs of elliptic curves $E_1$ and $E_2$ over $\mathbb Q$ such that for each pair there exist infinitely many square-free rationals $d$ for which the $d$-quadratic twists of $E_1$ and $E_2$ are both of rank at least 2.

A Markov model for Selmer ranks in families of twists

We study the distribution of 2-Selmer ranks in the family of quadratic twists of an elliptic curve E over an arbitrary number field K. Under the assumption that Gal(K(E[2])/K) = S_3 we show that the density (counted in a non-standard way) of twists with Selmer rank r exists for all positive integers r, and is given via an equilibrium distribution, depending only on a single parameter (the `disparity'), of a certain Markov process that is itself independent of E and K. More generally, our results also apply to p-Selmer ranks of twists of 2-dimensional self-dual F_p-representations of the absolu…

On 2-Selmer ranks of quadratic twists of elliptic curves

We study the $2$-Selmer ranks of elliptic curves. We prove that for an arbitrary elliptic curve $E$ over an arbitrary number field $K$, if the set $A_E$ of 2-Selmer ranks of quadratic twists of $E$ contains an integer $c$, it contains all integers larger than $c$ and having the same parity as $c$. We also find sufficient conditions on $A_E$ such that $A_E$ is equal to $\Z_{\ge t_E}$ for some number $t_E$. When all points in $E[2]$ are rational, we give an upper bound for $t_E$.

The Brauer-Manin obstruction on Kummer varieties and ranks of twists of abelian varieties

Let r > 0 be an integer. We present a sufficient condition for an abelian variety A over a number field k to have infinitely many quadratic twists of rank at least r, in terms of density properties of rational points on the Kummer variety Km(A^r) of the r-fold product of A with itself. One consequence of our results is the following. Fix an abelian variety A over k, and suppose that for some r > 0 the Brauer-Manin obstruction to weak approximation on the Kummer variety Km(A^r) is the only one. Then A has a quadratic twist of rank at least r. Hence if the Brauer-Manin obstruction is the only on…

The Parity of Analytic Ranks among Quadratic Twists of Elliptic Curves over Number Fields

The parity of the analytic rank of an elliptic curve is given by the root number in the functional equation L(E,s). Fixing an elliptic curve over any number field and considering the family of its quadratic twists, it is natural to ask what the average analytic rank in this family is. A lower bound on this number is given by the average root number. In this paper, we investigate the root number in such families and derive an asymptotic formula for the proportion of curves in the family that have even rank. Our results are then used to support a conjecture about the average analytic rank in thi…

Elliptic curves with all quadratic twists of positive rank

We observe that there are elliptic curves over number fields all of whose quadratic twists must have positive rank, assuming the Birch-Swinnerton-Dyer conjecture. We give a classification of such curves in terms of their local behaviour, and characterise them in terms of the Galois action on the Tate module. In particular, their existence shows that Goldfeld's conjecture does not extend directly to elliptic curves over number fields.

Disparity in Selmer ranks of quadratic twists of elliptic curves

We study the parity of 2-Selmer ranks in the family of quadratic twists of an arbitrary elliptic curve E over an arbitrary number field K. We prove that the fraction of twists (of a given elliptic curve over a fixed number field) having even 2-Selmer rank exists as a stable limit over the family of twists, and we compute this fraction as an explicit product of local factors. We give an example of an elliptic curve E such that as K varies, these fractions are dense in [0, 1]. More generally, our results also apply to p-Selmer ranks of twists of 2-dimensional self-dual F_p-representations of the…

Automorphic forms and cubic twists of elliptic curves

This paper surveys the connection between the elliptic curve E_D: x^3 + y^3 = D and a certain metaplectic form on the cubic cover of GL(3) which has the property that its m,n^{th} Whittaker--Fourier coefficient is essentially the L--series of the curve E_{m^2n}. One may obtain information about the collective behavior the curves E_D by exploiting this connection; for example, one can prove: Theorem: Fix any prime p \ne 3, and any congruence class c mod p. Then there are infinitely many D congruent to c mod p such that the curve E_D has no rational solutions. This paper is fairly self-contained…

Prime twists of elliptic curves

For certain elliptic curves $E/\mathbb{Q}$ with $E(\mathbb{Q})[2]=\mathbb{Z}/2 \mathbb{Z}$, we prove a criterion for prime twists of $E$ to have analytic rank 0 or 1, based on a mod 4 congruence of 2-adic logarithms of Heegner points. As an application, we prove new cases of Silverman's conjecture that there exists a positive proposition of prime twists of $E$ of rank zero (resp. positive rank).

具有任意大2-塞尔默秩的希罗尼亚椭圆曲线的二次扭转

Quadratic Twists of Heronian Elliptic Curves with Arbitrarily Large 2-Selmer Rank

本文确定了面积为2mn的希罗三角形导出的椭圆曲线族的2-塞尔默群，明确其在二次扭转下的变化规律，推广了已有研究，构造出具有任意大2-塞尔默秩的希罗尼亚椭圆曲线显式族。

Computing the Cassels-Tate pairing on 3-isogeny Selmer groups via cubic norm equations

We explain a method for computing the Cassels-Tate pairing on the 3-isogeny Selmer groups of an elliptic curve. This improves the upper bound on the rank of the elliptic curve coming from a descent by 3-isogeny, to that coming from a full 3-descent. One ingredient of our work is a new algorithm for solving cubic norm equations, that avoids the need for any S-unit computations. As an application, we show that the elliptic curves with torsion subgroup of order 3 and rank at least 13, found by Eroshkin, have rank exactly 13.

岩泽理论与二次扭族中椭圆曲线的秩

Iwasawa theory and ranks of elliptic curves in quadratic twist families

本研究用岩泽理论方法研究二次扭族椭圆曲线秩的分布，借助Matsuno的Kida型公式构造二次扭，得到相关秩的结果与扭数量的渐近下界，支撑Goldfeld猜想并补充Smith的相关成果。

Congruences between Heegner points and quadratic twists of elliptic curves

We establish a congruence formula between $p$-adic logarithms of Heegner points for two elliptic curves with the same mod $p$ Galois representation. As a first application, we use the congruence formula when $p=2$ to explicitly construct many quadratic twists of analytic rank zero (resp. one) for a wide class of elliptic curves $E$. We show that the number of twists of $E$ up to twisting discriminant $X$ of analytic rank zero (resp. one) is $\gg X/\log^{5/6}X$, improving the current best general bound towards Goldfeld's conjecture due to Ono--Skinner (resp. Perelli--Pomykala). We also prove th…

A Family of Elliptic Curves with a Lower Bound on 2-Selmer Ranks of Quadratic Twists

For any number field K with a complex place, we present an infinite family of elliptic curves defined over K such that $dim \mathbb{F}_2 Sel_2(E^F/K) \ge dim \mathbb{F}_2 E^F(K)[2] + r_2$ for every quadratic twist E^F of every curve E in this family, where r_2 is the number of complex places of K. This provides a counterexample to a conjecture appearing in work of Mazur and Rubin.

Ternary cubic forms having bounded invariants, and the existence of a positive proportion of elliptic curves having rank 0

We prove an asymptotic formula for the number of ${\rm SL}_3({\mathbb Z})$-equivalence classes of integral ternary cubic forms having bounded invariants. We use this result to show that the average size of the 3-Selmer group of all elliptic curves, when ordered by height, is 4. This implies that the average rank of all elliptic curves, when ordered by height, is less than 1.17. Combining our counting techniques with a recent result of Dokchitser and Dokchitser, we prove that a positive proportion of all elliptic curves have rank 0. Assuming the finiteness of the Tate-Shafarevich group, we also…

The size function for cyclic cubic fields

The size function for a number field is an analogue of the dimension of the Riemann-Roch spaces of divisors on an algebraic curve. It was conjectured to attain its maximum at the trivial class of Arakelov divisors. This conjecture was proved for many number fields with unit groups of rank one. Our research confirms that the conjecture also holds for cyclic cubic fields, which have unit groups of rank two.

椭圆曲线三次扭族中的秩分布

Rank distribution in cubic twist families of elliptic curves

本文研究椭圆曲线三次扭族的秩分布，通过伽罗瓦上同调技术证明存在无限多无立方因子扭参数使对应扭曲线的3-Selmer群为零、秩为0。

Tamagawa numbers of diagonal cubic surfaces of higher rank

We consider diagonal cubic surfaces defined by an equation of the form ax^3+by^3+cz^3+dt^3 = 0. Numerically, one can find all rational points of height < B for B in the range of up to 100 000, thanks to a program due to D. J. Bernstein. On the other hand, there are precise conjectures concerning the constants in the asymptotics of rational points of bounded height due to Manin, Batyrev and the authors. Changing the coefficients one can obtain cubic surfaces with rank of the Picard group varying between 1 and 4. We check that numerical data are compatible with the above conjectures. In a previo…

由二次型扭曲的椭圆曲线的秩

Ranks of Elliptic Curves Twisted by Quadratic Forms

研究由二次型扭曲的椭圆曲线的秩，利用模\(L\)函数导数的矩，证明存在无穷多个\(d\)是两平方数之和使\(E^d\)秩为\(1\)，还为相关椭圆纤维化提供信息。

Parallelopipeds of Positive Rank Twists of Elliptic Curves

For every n there exists an elliptic curve E over the rational numbers and an n-dimensional subspace V of non-zero rationals modulo squares such that for all v in V, the quadratic twist of E by v has positive rank.

Twists of the Albanese varieties of cyclic multiple planes with large ranks over higher dimension function fields

In [17], we proved a structure theorem on the Mordell-Weil group of abelian varieties over function fields that arise as the twists of abelian varieties by the cyclic covers of projective varieties in terms of the Prym varieties associated with covers. In this paper, we provide an explicit way to construct the abelian varieties with large ranks over the higher dimension function fields. To do so, we apply the above-mentioned theorem to the twists of Albanese varieties of the cyclic multiple planes.

Carlitz 模的扭曲的解析秩——结果综述

Analytic ranks of twists of Carlitz modules -- a survey of results

本文综述了 Carlitz 模扭曲的解析秩已有成果，提出解析秩是否有界等未解问题，并介绍无穷远秩及相关代数簇的结构刻画，其中 q=2 情形可用有限带权有根二叉树描述。