In this paper, we first reveal an intrinsic relation between non-abelian zeta functions and Epstein zeta functions for algebraic number fields. Then, we expose a fundamental relation between stability of lattices and distance to cusps. Next, using these two relations, we explicitly express rank two zeta functions in terms of the well-known Dedekind zeta functions. Finally, based on such an expression, we show that all zeros of rank two non-abelian zeta functions are entirely sitting on the critical line whose real part equals to 1/2.
This is an integrated part of our Geo-Arithmetic Program.
Using analytic torsion associated to stable bundles, we introduce zeta functions for compact Riemann surfaces. To justify the well-definedness, we analyze the degenerations of analytic torsions at the boundaries of the moduli spaces, the singularities of analytic torsions at Brill-Noether loci, and the asymptotic behaviors of analytic torsions with respect to the degree. These new yet intrinsic zetas, both abelian and non-abelian, are expected to play key roles to understand global analysis and geometry of Riemann surfaces, such as the Tamagawa number conjecture for Riemann surfaces, searched …
This is an integrated part of our Geo-Arithmetic Program. In this paper we initiate a geometrically oriented construction of non-abelian zeta functions for curves defined over finite fields by a weighted count of semi-stable bundles. Basic properties such as rationality and functional equation are established. Examples of rank two zetas over genus two curves are given as well. Based on this and motivated by our study for non-abelian zetas of number fields, general non-abelian $L$ functions for function fields are defined and studied using Langlands and Morris' theory of Eisenstein series.
The purpose of this work is to study in the case of function fields and rank-$n$, certain correspondences associated with Jacobi sums in a Coleman's work.
In one of his papers, using arguments about l-adic representations, Taniyama expresses the zeta function of an abelian variety over a number field as an infinite product of modified Artin L-functions. The latter can be further decomposed as products of modified Dedekind zeta functions. After recalling Taniyama's work, we give a simple geometric proof of the resulting product formula for abelian and more general group schemes.
For a function field $k$ over a finite field with $\mathbb{F}_q$ as the field of constant, and a finite abelian group $G$ whose exponent is divisible by $q-1$, we study the distribution of zeta zeroes for a random $G$-extension of $k$, ordered by the degree of conductors. We prove that when the degree goes to infinity, the number of zeta zeroes lying in a prescribed arc is uniformly distributed and the variance follows a Gaussian distribution.
The special uniformity of zeta functions claims that pure non-abelian zeta functions coincide with group zeta functions associated to the special linear groups. Naturally associated are three aspects, namely, the analytic, arithmetic, and geometric aspects. In the first paper of this series, we expose intrinsic geometric structures of our zetas by counting semi-stable bundles on curves defined over finite fields in terms of their automorphism groups and global sections. We show that such a counting maybe read from Artin zetas which are abelian in nature. This paper also contains an appendix wr…
For a finite group $G$, we consider the zeta function $ζ_G(s) = \sum_{H} \abs{H}^{-s}$, where $H$ runs over the subgroups of $G$. First we give simple examples of abelian $p$-group $G$ and non-abelian $p$-group $G'$ of order $p^m, \; m \geq 3$ for odd $p$ (resp. $2^m, \; m \geq 4$) for which $ζ_G(s) = ζ_{G'}(s)$. Hence we see there are many non-abelian groups whose zeta functions have symmetry and Euler product, like the case of abelian groups. On the other hand, we show that $ζ_G(s)$ determines the isomorphism class of $G$ within abelian groups, by estimating the number of subgroups of abelia…
Given a number field $K$ one associates to it the set $Λ_K$ of Dedekind zeta-functions of finite abelian extensions of $K$. In this short note we present a proof of the following Theorem: for any number field $K$ the set $Λ_K$ determines the isomorphism class of $K$. This means that if for any number field $K'$ the two sets $Λ_K$ and $Λ_{K'}$ coincide, then $K \simeq K'$. As a consequence of this fact we deduce an alternative approach towards the proof of Neukirch-Uchida Theorem for the case of non-normal extensions of number fields.
We study Ruelle's type zeta and $L$-functions for a torsion free abelian group $\G$ of rank $\n\ge 2$ defined via an Euler product. It is shown that the imaginary axis is a natural boundary of this zeta function when $\n=2,4$ and 8, and in particular, such a zeta function has no determinant expression. Thus, conversely, expressions like Euler's product for the determinant of the Laplacians of the torus $\bR^{\n}/\G$ defined via zeta regularizations are investigated. Also, the limit behavior of an arithmetic function arising from the Ruelle type zeta function is observed.
Given a finite abelian $p$-group $F$, we prove an efficient recursive formula for $σ_a(F)=\sum_{\substack{H\leq F}}|H|^a$ where $H$ ranges over the subgroups of $F$. We infer from this formula that the $p$-component of the corresponding zeta-function on groups of $p$-rank bounded by some constant $r$ is rational with a simple denominator. We also provide two explicit examples in rank $r=3$ and $r=4$ as well as a closed formula for $σ_a(F)$.
Over the moduli space of rank $n$ semi-stable lattices is a universal family of tori. Along the fibers, there are natural differential operators and differential equations, particularly, the heat equations and the Fokker-Planck equations in statistical mechanics. In this paper, we explain why, by taking averages over the moduli spaces, all these are connected with the zeros of rank $n$ non-abelian zeta functions of the field of rationals, which are known lie on the central line except a finitely many if $n\geq 2$. Certainly, when $n=1$, our current work recovers that of Armitage, which from th…
We determine what isogeny classes of supersingular abelian surfaces over a finite field k of characteristic 2 contain jacobians. We deal with this problem in a direct way by computing explicitly the zeta function of all supersingular curves of genus 2. Our procedure is constructive, so that we are able to exhibit curves with prescribed zeta function and to count the number of curves, up to k-isomorphism, leading to the same zeta function.
Given a projective variety X defined over a finite field, the zeta function of divisors attempts to count all irreducible, codimension one subvarieties of X, each measured by their projective degree. When the dimension of X is greater than one, this is a purely p-adic function, convergent on the open unit disk. Four conjectures are expected to hold, the first of which is p-adic meromorphic continuation to all of C_p. When the divisor class group (divisors modulo linear equivalence) of X has rank one, then all four conjectures are known to be true. In this paper, we discuss the higher rank case…
In 2005, Kayal suggested that Schoof's algorithm for counting points on elliptic curves over finite fields might yield an approach to factor polynomials over finite fields in deterministic polynomial time. We present an exposition of his idea and then explain details of a generalization involving Pila's algorithm for abelian varieties.
The higher rank Lefschetz formula for p-adic groups is used to prove rationality of a several-variable zeta function attached to the action of a p-adic group on its Bruhat-Tits building. By specializing to certain lines one gets one-variable zeta functions, which then can be related to geometrically defined zeta functions
We describe some experiments that show a connection between elliptic curves of high rank and the Riemann zeta function on the one line. We also discuss a couple of statistics involving $L$-functions where the zeta function on the one line plays a prominent role.
For each field k, we define an abelian category of rationally decomposed mixed motives with integer coefficients. When k is finite, we show that the category is Tannakian, and we prove formulas relating the behaviour of zeta functions near integers to certain Ext groups. This is the submitted version, with minor corrections and additions from the first version.
Here we study problems related to the proportions of zeros, especially simple and distinct zeros on the critical line, of Dedekind zeta functions. We obtain new bounds on a counting function that measures the discrepancy of the zeta functions from having all zeros simple. In particular, for quadratic number fields, we deduce that more than 45% of the zeros are distinct. This extends work based on Montgomery's pair correlation approach for the Riemann zeta function. Our optimization problems can be interpreted as interpolants between the pair correlation bound for the Riemann zeta function and …
We describe an explicit `higher rank' Iwasawa theory for zeta elements associated to the multiplicative group over abelian extensions of general number fields. We then show that this theory leads to a concrete new strategy for proving special cases of the equivariant Tamagawa number conjecture. As a first application of this approach, we use it to prove new cases of the conjecture for Tate motives over natural families of abelian CM extensions of totally real fields for which the relevant $p$-adic $L$-functions possess trivial zeroes.
As a generalization of the Dedekind zeta function, Weng defined the high rank zeta functions and proved that they have standard properties of zeta functions, namely, meromorphic continuation, functional equation, and having only two simple poles. The rank one zeta function is the Dedekind zeta function. For the rank two case, the Riemann hypothesis is proved for a general number field. Recently, he defined more general new zeta function associated to a pair of reductive group and its maximal parabolic subgroup. As well as high rank zeta functions, the new zeta function satisfies standard prope…
In this article, we construct zeta morphisms for the universal deformations of odd absolutely irreducible two dimensional mod p Galois representations satisfying some mild assumptions, and prove that our zeta morphisms interpolate Kato's zeta morphisms for Galois representations associated to Hecke eigen cusp newforms. The existence of such morphisms was predicted by Kato's generalized Iwasawa main conjecture. Based on Kato's original construction, we construct our zeta morphisms using many deep results in the theory of p-adic (local and global) Langlands correspondence for GL_{2/Q}. As an app…
In this paper we prove a regularized product expansion for the two-variable zeta functions of number fields introduced by van der Geer and Schoof. The proof is based on a general criterion for zeta-regularizability due to Illies. For number fields of non-zero unit rank our method involves a result of independent interest about the asymptotic behaviour of certain oscillatory integrals in the geometry of numbers. We also explain the cohomological motivation for the paper.
We give a formula for the Eisenstein cohomology of local systems on the partial compactification of the moduli of principally polarized abelian varieties given by rank 1 degenerations. For genus 2 we give a formula for the full Eisenstein cohomology.
Let $\cac$ be a smooth projective curve defined over a number field $k$, $A/k(\cac)$ an abelian variety and $(τ,B)$ the $k(\cac)/k$-trace of $A$. We estimate how the rank of $A(k(\cac))/τB(k)$ varies when we take a finite cover $π:\cac'\to\cac$ defined over $k$ geometrically abelian.
In this paper, we present a unifying approach to the general theory of abelian Stark conjectures. To do so we define natural notions of `zeta element', of `Weil-étale cohomology complexes' and of `integral Selmer groups' for the multiplicative group $\mathbb{G}_m$ over finite abelian extensions of number fields. We then conjecture a precise connection between zeta elements and Weil-étale cohomology complexes, we show this conjecture is equivalent to a special case of the equivariant Tamagawa number conjecture and we give an unconditional proof of the analogous statement for global function fie…
Our goal in this note is to give a number of examples of abelian varieties over function fields k(t) which have bounded ranks in towers of extensions such as k(t^{1/d}) for varying d. Along the way we prove some new results on Fermat curves which may be of independent interest.
An abelian variety defined over an algebraically closed field k of positive characteristic is supersingular if it is isogenous to a product of supersingular elliptic curves and is superspecial if it is isomorphic to a product of supersingular elliptic curves. In this paper, the superspecial condition is generalized by defining the superspecial rank of an abelian variety, which is an invariant of its p-torsion. The main results in this paper are about the superspecial rank of supersingular abelian varieties and Jacobians of curves. For example, it turns out that the superspecial rank determines…
For a scheme $X$ whose $\mathbb F_q$-rational points are counted by a polynomial $N(q)=\sum a_iq^i$, the $\mathbb{F}_1$-zeta function is defined as $ζ(s)=\prod(s-i)^{-a_i}$. Define $χ=N(1)$. In this paper we show that if $X$ is a smooth projective scheme, then its $\mathbb{F}_1$-zeta function satisfies the functional equation $ζ(n-s) = (-1)^χζ(s)$. We further show that the $\mathbb{F}_1$-zeta function $ζ(s)$ of a split reductive group scheme $G$ of rank $r$ with $N$ positive roots satisfies the functional equation $ζ(r+N-s) = (-1)^χ( ζ(s) )^{(-1)^r}$.
The goal of this paper is to explain how a simple but apparently new fact of linear algebra together with the cohomological interpretation of L-functions allows one to produce many examples of L-functions over function fields vanishing to high order at the center point of their functional equation. The main application is that for every prime p and every integer g>0 there are absolutely simple abelian varieties of dimension g over Fp(t) for which the BSD conjecture holds and which have arbitrarily large rank.
We study motivic zeta functions for $\mathds{Q}$-divisors in a $\mathds{Q}$-Gorenstein variety. By using a toric partial resolution of singularities we reduce this study to the local case of two normal crossing divisors where the ambient space is an abelian quotient singularity. For the latter we provide a closed formula which is worked out directly on the quotient singular variety. As a first application we provide a family of surface singularities where the use of weighted blow-ups reduces the set of candidate poles drastically. We also present an example of a quotient singularity under the …
We study a relation between two refinements of the rank one abelian Gross-Stark conjecture: For a suitable abelian extension $H/F$ of number fields, a Gross-Stark unit is defined as a $p$-unit of $H$ satisfying some proporties. Let $τ\in \mathrm{Gal}(H/F)$. Yoshida and the author constructed the symbol $Y_p(τ)$ by using $p$-adic $\log$ multiple gamma functions, and conjectured that the $\log_p$ of a Gross-Stark unit can be expressed by $Y_p(τ)$. Dasgupta constructed the symbol $u_T(τ)$ by using the $p$-adic multiplicative integration, and conjectured that a Gross-Stark unit can be expressed by…
Lichtenbaum conjectured the existence of a Weil-étale cohomology in order to describe the vanishing order and the special value of the Zeta function of an arithmetic scheme $\mathcal{X}$ at $s=0$ in terms of Euler-Poincaré characteristics. Assuming the (conjectured) finite generation of some étale motivic cohomology groups we construct such a cohomology theory for regular schemes proper over $\mathrm{Spec}(\mathbb{Z})$. In particular, we obtain (unconditionally) the right Weil-étale cohomology for geometrically cellular schemes over number rings. We state a conjecture expressing the vanishing …
Inspired by the theory of Hodge correlators due to Goncharov and by the plectic principle of Nekovář and Scholl, we construct higher plectic Green functions and give a higher order generalization of Hecke's formula for abelian $L$-functions over arbitrary number fields. We hence provide a potential method to generalize multiple zeta values over number fields. We recover classical multiple zeta values and multiple polylogrithms evaluated at roots of unity, when the number field in consideration is the rational field $\mathbb{Q}$.
Using the Shioda-Tate theorem and an adaptation of Silverman's specialization theorem, we reduce the specialization of Mordell-Weil ranks for abelian varieties over fields finitely generated over infinite finitely generated fields $k$ to the the specialization theorem for Néron-Severi ranks recently proved by Ambrosi in positive characteristic. More precisely, we prove that after a blow-up of the base surface $S$, for all vertical curves $S_x$ of a fibration $S \to U \subseteq \mathbf{P}^1_k$ with $x$ from the complement of a sparse subset of $|U|$, the Mordell-Weil rank of an abelian scheme o…
Let $C$ be a smooth projective curve defined over a number field $k$, $X/k(C)$ a smooth projective curve of positive genus, $J_X$ the Jacobian variety of $X$ and $(τ,B)$ the $k(C)/k$-trace of $J_X$. We estimate how the rank of $J_X(k(C))/τB(k)$ varies when we take an unramified abelian cover $π:C'\to C$ defined over $k$.
Motivated by recent work of Deitmar-Koyama-Kurokawa, Kurokawa-Ochiai, Connes-Consani, and the author, we define some multivariable deformed zeta functions of Hurwitz-Igusa type for a Noetherian $\F_1$-scheme $X$ in the sense of Connes-Consani. Our zeta functions generalize both the zeta functions studied by Deitmar-Koyama-Kurokawa, Kurokawa-Ochiai, and the log derivative of the modified Soulé type zeta function Connes-Consani. We give an explicit presentation for these zeta functions using the Hurwitz zeta functions, and so, we can derive its meromorphicity. When restricted to the log derivati…
In this article we define and study a zeta function $ζ_G$ - similar to the Hasse-Weil zeta function - which enumerates absolutely irreducible representations over finite fields of a (profinite) group $G$. The zeta function converges on a complex half-plane for all UBERG groups and admits an Euler product decomposition. Our motivation for this investigation is the observation that the reciprocal value $ζ_G(k)^{-1}$ at a positive integer $k$ coincides with the probability that $k$ random elements generate the completed group ring of $G$. The explicit formulas obtained so far suggest that $ζ_G$ i…
We consider the following question : given a family over abelian varieties $\mathcal{A}$ over a curve $B$ defined over a number field $k$, how does the rank of the Mordell-Weil group of the fibres $\mathcal{A}_t(k)$ vary? A specialisation theorem of Silverman guarantees that, for almost all $t$ in $C(k)$, the rank of the fibre is at least the generic rank, that is the rank of $\mathcal{A}(k(B))$. When the base curve $B$ is rational, we show, at least in many cases and under some geometric conditions, that there are infinitely many fibres for which the rank is larger than the generic rank. This…
Initially motivated by the relations between Anabelian Geometry and Artin's L-functions of the associated Galois-representations, here we study the list of zeta-functions of genus two abelian coverings of elliptic curves over finite fields. Our goal is to provide a complete description of such a list.
This paper proves the general rank one case of Dwork's conjecture over the affine space. It generalizes and improves the method of ANT-0141 "Dwork's conjecture on unit root zeta functions" (Ann. Math., 150(1999), 867-929). In addition, explicit information about the zeros and poles (along the Gouvêa-Mazur conjecture direction) for the unit root zeta function is obtained. The paper is to appear in JAMS.
We derive approximate formulas for the logarithmic de- rivative of the Selberg and Ruelle zeta functions over compact, even- dimensional, locally symmetric spaces of rank one. The obtained for- mulas are given in terms of the zeta-singularities.
The main result of this paper is a characterization of the abelian varieties $B/K$ defined over Galois number fields with the property that the zeta function $L(B/K;s)$ is equivalent to the product of zeta functions of non-CM newforms for congruence subgroups $Γ_1(N)$. The characterization involves the structure of End(B), isogenies between the Galois conjugates of $B$, and a Galois cohomology class attached to $B/K$. We call the varieties having this property strongly modular. The last section is devoted to the study of a family of abelian surfaces with quaternionic multiplication. As an illu…
We prove that for a compact locally symmetric Riemannian space $M$ of rank 1 there exist infinitely many automorphic Tate motives $f$ such that the generalized Selberg zeta function $Z_{M(f)}(s)$ satisfies a simple functional equation in the sense that it has no gamma factors.
We study periodic points for endomorphisms $σ$ of abelian varieties $A$ over algebraically closed fields of positive characteristic $p$. We show that the dynamical zeta function $ζ_σ$ of $σ$ is either rational or transcendental, the first case happening precisely when $σ^n-1$ is a separable isogeny for all $n$. We call this condition very inseparability and show it is equivalent to the action of $σ$ on the local $p$-torsion group scheme being nilpotent. The "false" zeta function $D_σ$, in which the number of fixed points of $σ^n$ is replaced by the degree of $σ^n-1$, is always a rational funct…
We give explicit formulae for the local normal zeta functions of torsion-free, class-2-nilpotent groups, subject to conditions on the associated Pfaffian hypersurface which are generically satisfied by groups with small centre and sufficiently large abelianization. We show how the functional equations of two types of zeta functions - the Weil zeta function associated to an algebraic variety and zeta functions of algebraic groups introduced by Igusa - match up to give a functional equation for local normal zeta functions of groups. We also give explicit formulae and derive functional equations …
Some zeta functions which are naturally attached to the locally homogeneous vector bundles over compact locally symmetric spaces of rank one are investigated. We prove that such functions can be expressed in terms of entire functions whose order is not larger than the dimension of the corresponding compact, even-dimensional, locally symmetric space.
We study the distribution of the number of points and of the zeroes of the zeta function in different $p$-rank strata of Artin-Schreier covers over $\F_q$ when $q$ is fixed and the genus goes to infinity. The $p$-rank strata considered include the ordinary family, the whole family, and the family of curves with $p$-rank equal to $p-1.$ While the zeta zeroes always approach the standard Gaussian distribution, the number of points over $\F_q$ has a distribution that varies with the specific family.
