The aim of this paper is to prove Golyshev's conjecture in the cases of Fano threefolds $V_{10}$ and $V_{14}$. This conjecture states modularity of D3 equations for smooth Fano threefolds with Picard group Z. More precisely, we find counting matrices of prime two-pointed Gromov-Witten invariants for them. For this we use the method that lets us find Gromov-Witten invariants of complete intersections in varieties whose invariants are (partially) known.
We carry out the explicit computations that are used to write down the integrable hierarchy associated with the quintic Calabi-Yau threefold. We also do the calculations for the geometric structures emerging in the Gromov-Witten theory of the quintic, such as the Frobenius manifold structure and the special Kähler structure.
We compute certain open Gromov-Witten invariants for toric Calabi-Yau threefolds. The proof relies on a relation for ordinary Gromov-Witten invariants for threefolds under certain birational transformation, and a recent result of Kwokwai Chan.
We solve Bershadsky-Cecotti-Ooguri-Vafa (BCOV) holomorphic anomaly equation to determine the higher genus Gromov-Witten invariants ($g \leq 5$) of the derived equivalent Calabi-Yau threefolds, which are of the appropriate codimensions in the Grassmannian Gr(2,7) and the Pfaffian Pf(7).
We derive a closed formula for the generating function of genus two Gromov-Witten invariants of quintic 3-folds and verify the corresponding mirror symmetry conjecture of Bershadsky, Cecotti, Ooguri and Vafa.
The purpose of the article is to give a proof of a conjecture of Maulik and Pandharipande for genus 2 and 3. As a result, it gives a way to determine Gromov-Witten invariants of the quintic threefold for genus 2 and 3.
Gromov-Witten, Gopakumar-Vafa, and Donaldson-Thomas invariants of Calabi-Yau threefolds are compared. In certain situations, the Donaldson-Thomas invariants are very easy to handle, sometimes easier than the other invariants. This point is illustrated in several ways, especially by revisiting computations of Gopakumar-Vafa invariants by Katz, Klemm, and Vafa in a rigorous mathematical framework. This note is based on my talk at the 2004 Snowbird Conference on String Geometry.
We rederive a relation between the genus-one GW-invariants of a quintic threefold in $\Pf$ and the genus-zero and genus-one GW-invariants of $\Pf$. In contrast to the more general derivation in a separate paper, the present derivation relies on a widely believed, but still unproven, statement concerning rigidity of holomorphic curves in Calabi-Yau threefolds. On the other hand, this paper's derivation is more direct and geometric. It requires a bit more effort, but relies on less outside work.
Based on the large N duality relating topological string theory on Calabi-Yau 3-folds and Chern-Simons theory on 3-manifolds, M. Aganagic, A. Klemm, M. Marino and C. Vafa proposed the topological vertex (hep-th/0305132), an algorithm on computing Gromov-Witten invariants in all genera of any non-singular toric Calabi-Yau 3-fold. In this expository article, we describe the mathematical theory of the topological vertex developed by J. Li, K. Liu, J. Zhou, and the author (math/0408426).
A difference equation is proved for the Gromov-Witten potential of the resolved conifold. Using the Gopakumar-Vafa resummation of the Gromov-Witten invariants of any Calabi-Yau threefold, it is further shown that similar difference equations are satisfied by the part of the resummed potential containing the contribution of the genus zero GV invariants.
The moduli stack of Mixed Spin P-fields (MSP) provides an effective algorithm to evaluate all genus Gromov-Witten invariants of quintic Calabi-Yau threefolds. This paper is to apply the algorithm in genus one case. We use the localization formula, the proposed algorithm in [CLLL1, CLLL2], and Zinger's packaging technique to compute the genus one Gromov-Witten invariants of quintic Calabi-Yau threefolds. New hypergeometric series identities are also discovered in the process.
We investigate Gromov-Witten invariants associated to exceptional classes for primitive birational contractions on a Calabi-Yau threefold X. It was observed in a previous paper that these invariants are locally defined, in that they can be calculated from knowledge of an open neighbourhood of the exceptional locus of the contraction; in this paper, we make this explicit. For Type I contractions (i.e. only finitely many exceptional curves), a method is given for calculating the Gromov-Witten invariants, and these in turn yield explicit expressions for the changes in the cubic form $D^3$ and the…
Our earlier proof of mirror formulas for genus 0 Gromov -- Witten invariants of Fano and Calabi -- Yau toric complete intersections is illustrated in the example of quintic 3-folds.
We study the Gromov-Witten and Donaldson-Thomas correspondence conjectured in [MNOP1, MNOP2], for trivial elliptic fibrations. In particular, we verify the Gromov-Witten and Donaldson-Thomas correspondence for primary fields when the threefold is $E \times S$ where $E$ is a smooth elliptic curve and $S$ is a smooth surface with numerically trivial canonical class.
We calculate the D-brane superpotentials for two Calabi-Yau manifolds with three deformations by the generalized hypergeometric GKZ systems, which give rise to the flux superpotentials $\mathcal{W}_{GVW}$ of the dual F-theory compactification on the relevant Calabi-Yau fourfolds in the weak decoupling limit. We also compute the Ooguri-Vafa invariants from A-model expansion with mirror symmetry, which are related to the open Gromov-Witten invariants.
Many N=(2,2) two-dimensional nonlinear sigma models with Calabi-Yau target spaces admit ultraviolet descriptions as N=(2,2) gauge theories (gauged linear sigma models). We conjecture that the two-sphere partition function of such ultraviolet gauge theories -- recently computed via localization by Benini et al. and Doroud et al. -- yields the exact Kähler potential on the quantum Kähler moduli space for Calabi-Yau threefold target spaces. In particular, this allows one to compute the genus zero Gromov-Witten invariants for any such Calabi-Yau threefold without the use of mirror symmetry. More g…
We study the moduli spaces of rational curves on prime Fano threefolds of index 1. For general threefolds of most genera we compute the dimension and the number of irreducible components of these moduli spaces. Our results confirm Geometric Manin's Conjecture in these examples and show the enumerativity of certain Gromov-Witten invariants.
We use a topological framework to study descendent Gromov-Witten theory in higher genus, non-toric settings. Two geometries are considered: surfaces of general type and the Enriques Calabi-Yau threefold. We conjecture closed formulas for surfaces of general type in classes K and 2K. For the Enriques Calabi-Yau, Gromov-Witten invariants are calculated in genus 0, 1, and 2. In genus 2, the holomorphic anomaly equation is found.
We explore the theory of connected Gromov-Witten invariants of the symmetric product stack [Sym^n(A_r)]. We derive closed-form expressions for all equivariant invariants with two insertions and reveal a natural correspondence between the theory and the relative Gromov-Witten theory of the threefold A_r x P^1. When n is less than or equal to 3, we determine 3-point (usual) Gromov-Witten invariants of [Sym^n(A_1)].
We conjecture an evaluation of three-partition cyclic Hodge integrals in terms of loop Schur functions. Our formula implies the orbifold Gromov-Witten/Donaldson-Thomas correspondence for toric Calabi-Yau threefolds with transverse type A singularities. We prove the formula in the case where one of the partitions is empty, and thus establish the orbifold Gromov- Witten/Donaldson-Thomas correspondence for local toric surfaces with transverse type A singularities.
The Gopakumar-Vafa invariants are numbers defined as certain linear combinations of the Gromov-Witten invariants. We prove that the GV invariants of a toric Calabi-Yau threefold are integers and that the invariants for high genera vanish. The proof of the integrality is based on elementary number theory and that of the vanishing uses the operator formalism and the exponential formula.
Let $S$ be a K3 surface and let $E$ be an elliptic curve. We solve the reduced Gromov-Witten theory of the Calabi-Yau threefold $S \times E$ for all curve classes which are primitive in the K3 factor. In particular, we deduce the Igusa cusp form conjecture. The proof relies on new results in the Gromov-Witten theory of elliptic curves and K3 surfaces. We show the generating series of Gromov-Witten classes of an elliptic curve are cycle-valued quasimodular forms and satisfy a holomorphic anomaly equation. The quasimodularity generalizes a result by Okounkov and Pandharipande, and the holomorphi…
We study the web of dualities relating various enumerative invariants, notably Gromov-Witten invariants and invariants that arise in topological gauge theory. In particular, we study Donaldson-Thomas gauge theory and its reductions to D=4 and D=2 which are relevant to the local theory of surfaces in Calabi-Yau threefolds.
We give a complete solution for the reduced Gromov-Witten theory of resolved surface singularities of type A_n, for any genus, with arbitrary descendent insertions. We also present a partial evaluation of the T-equivariant relative Gromov-Witten theory of the threefold A_n x P^1 which, under a nondegeneracy hypothesis, yields a complete solution for the theory. The results given here allow comparison of this theory with the quantum cohomology of the Hilbert scheme of points on the A_n surfaces. We discuss generalizations to linear Hodge insertions and to surface resolutions of type D,E. As a c…
We propose Picard-Fuchs equations for periods of nonabelian mirrors in this paper. The number of parameters in our Picard-Fuchs equations is the rank of the gauge group of the nonabelian GLSM, which is eventually reduced to the actual number of Kähler parameters. These Picard-Fuchs equations are concise and novel. We justify our proposal by reproducing existing mathematical results, namely Picard-Fuchs equations of Grassmannians and Calabi-Yau manifolds as complete intersections in Grassmannians. Furthermore, our approach can be applied to other nonabelian GLSMs, so we compute Picard-Fuchs equ…
We conjecture that the relative Gromov-Witten potentials of elliptic fibrations are (cycle-valued) lattice quasi-Jacobi forms and satisfy a holomorphic anomaly equation. We prove the conjecture for the rational elliptic surface in all genera and curve classes numerically. The generating series are quasi-Jacobi forms for the lattice $E_8$. We also show the compatibility of the conjecture with the degeneration formula. As Corollary we deduce that the Gromov-Witten potentials of the Schoen Calabi-Yau threefold (relative to $\mathbb{P}^1$) are $E_8 \times E_8$ quasi-bi-Jacobi forms and satisfy a h…
Making use of large-order techniques in asymptotics and resurgent analysis, this work addresses the growth of enumerative Gromov-Witten invariants---in their dependence upon genus and degree of the embedded curve---for several different threefold Calabi-Yau varieties. In particular, while the leading asymptotics of these invariants at large genus or at large degree is exponential, at combined large genus and degree it turns out to be factorial. This factorial growth has a resurgent nature, originating via mirror symmetry from the resurgent-transseries description of the B-model free energy. Th…
The Virasoro conjecture is a conjectured sequence of relations among the descendent Gromov-Witten invariants of a smooth projective variety in all genera; the only varieties for which it is known to hold are a point (Kontsevich) and Calabi-Yau threefolds (S. Katz). We review the statement of the conjecture and its proof in genus 0, following Eguchi, Hori and Xiong. This version incorporates many changes and improvements compared with the first, and a small number of misprints from the second. It will appear in the AMS volume "Hirzebruch 70", edited by P. Pragacz et al.
In the present paper the small Quantum Cohomology ring of some Fano threefolds which are obtained as one- or two-curve blow-ups from $P^3$ or the quadric $Q^3$ is explicitely computed. Because of systematic usage of the associativity property of quantum product only a very small and enumerative subset of Gromov-Witten invariants is needed. Then, for these threefolds the Dubrovin conjecture on the semisimplicity of Quantum Cohomology is proven by checking the computed Quantum Cohomology rings and by showing that a smooth Fano threefold $X$ with $b_3(X)=0$ admits a complete exceptional set of th…
In the first part of the paper, we give an explicit algorithm to compute the (genus zero) Gromov-Witten invariants of blow-ups of an arbitrary convex projective variety in some points if one knows the Gromov-Witten invariants of the original variety. In the second part, we specialize to blow-ups of P^r and show that many invariants of these blow-ups can be interpreted as numbers of rational curves on P^r having specified global multiplicities or tangent directions in the blown-up points. We give various numerical examples, including a new easy way to determine the famous multiplicity d^{-3} fo…
We solve the part of the Donaldson-Thomas theory of Calabi-Yau threefolds which comes from super-rigid rational curves. As an application, we prove a version of the conjectural Gromov-Witten/Donaldson-Thomas correspondence for contributions from super-rigid rational curves. In particular, we prove the full GW/DT correspondence for the quintic threefold in degrees one and two.
We study symplectic geometry of rationally connected $3$-folds. The first result shows that rationally connectedness is a symplectic deformation invariant in dimension $3$. If a rationally connected $3$-fold $X$ is Fano or $b_2(X)=2$, we prove that it is symplectic rationally connected, i.e. there is a non-zero Gromov-Witten invariant with two insertions being the class of a point. Finally we prove that many rationally connected $3$-folds are birational to a symplectic rationally connected variety.
In the early 1990s, Borcea-Voisin orbifolds were some of the ear- liest examples of Calabi-Yau threefolds shown to exhibit mirror symmetry. However, their quantum theory has been poorly investigated. We study this in the context of the gauged linear sigma model, which in their case encom- passes Gromov-Witten theory and its three companions (FJRW theory and two mixed theories). For certain Borcea-Voisin orbifolds of Fermat type, we calculate all four genus zero theories explicitly. Furthermore, we relate the I-functions of these theories by analytic continuation and symplectic transfor- mation…
We study the contribution of multiple covers of an irreducible rational curve C in a Calabi-Yau threefold Y to the genus 0 Gromov-Witten invariants in the following cases. (1) If the curve C has one node and satisfies a certain genericity condition, we prove that the contribution of multiple covers of degree d is given by the sum of all 1/n^3 where n divides d. (2) For a smoothly embedded contractable curve C in Y we define schemes C_i for i=1,...,l where C_i is supported on C and has multiplicity i, and the integer l (0<l<7) is Kollar's invariant ``length''. We prove that the contribution of …
We propose a general approach to classification problems in algebraic geometry via mirror duality. For Fano threefolds, a modularity conjecture describes small quantum cohomology and predicts the values of certain Gromov-Witten invariants.
We compute the local Gromov-Witten invariants of certain configurations of rational curves in a Calabi-Yau threefold. These configurations are connected subcurves of the `minimal trivalent configuration', which is a particular tree of P^1's with specified formal neighborhood. We show that these local invariants are equal to certain global or ordinary Gromov-Witten invariants of a blowup of P^3 at points, and we compute these ordinary invariants using the geometry of the Cremona transform. We also realize the configurations in question as formal toric schemes and compute their formal Gromov--Wi…
By resolving an arbitrary perfect derived object over a Deligne-Mumford stack, we define its Euler class. We then apply it to define the Euler numbers for a smooth Calabi-Yau threefold in the 4-dimensional projective space. These numbers are conjectured to be the reduced Gromov-Witten invariants and to determine the usual Gromov-Witten numbers of the smooth quintic as speculated by J. Li and A. Zinger.
This is the second part of the project toward an effective algorithm to evaluate all genus Gromov-Witten invariants of quintic Calabi-Yau threefolds. In this paper, the localization formula is derived, and algorithms toward evaluating these Gromov-Witten invariants are derived.
We compute the local Gromov-Witten invariants of the "closed vertex", that is, a configuration of three rational curves meeting in a single triple point in a Calabi-Yau threefold. The method is to express the local invariants of the vertex in terms of ordinary Gromov-Witten invariants of a certain blowup of CP^3 and then to compute those invariants via the geometry of the Cremona transformation.
We show that certain hypergeometric series used to formulate mirror symmetry for Calabi-Yau hypersurfaces, in string theory and algebraic geometry, satisfy a number of interesting properties. Many of these properties are used in separate papers to verify the BCOV prediction for the genus one Gromov-Witten invariants of a quintic threefold and more generally to compute the genus one Gromov-Witten invariants of any Calabi-Yau projective hypersurface.
A. Zinger defined reduced Gromov-Witten (GW) invariants and proved a comparison theorem of standard and reduced genus one GW invariants for every symplectic manifold (with all dimension). H. -L. Chang and J. Li provided a proof of the comparison theorem for quintic Calabi-Yau 3-folds in algebraic geometry by taking a definition of reduced invariants as an Euler number of certain vector bundle. T. Coates and C. Manolache have defined reduced GW invariants in algebraic geometry following the idea by Vakil and Zinger and proved the comparison theorem for every Calabi-Yau threefold. In this paper,…
Let $S$ be a K3 surface with primitive curve class $β$. We solve the relative Gromov-Witten theory of $S \times \mathbb{P}^1$ in classes $(β,1)$ and $(β,2)$. The generating series are quasi-Jacobi forms and equal to a corresponding series of genus $0$ Gromov-Witten invariants on the Hilbert scheme of points of $S$. This proves a special case of a conjecture of Pandharipande and the author. The new geometric input of the paper is a genus bound for hyperelliptic curves on K3 surfaces proven by Ciliberto and Knutsen. By exploiting various formal properties we find that a key generating series is …
The orientability problem in real Gromov-Witten theory is one of the fundamental hurdles to enumerating real curves. In this paper, we describe topological conditions on the target manifold which ensure that the uncompactified moduli spaces of real maps are orientable for all genera of and for all types of involutions on the domain. In contrast to the typical approaches to this problem, we do not compute the signs of any diffeomorphisms, but instead compare them. Many projective complete intersections, including the renowned quintic threefold, satisfy our topological conditions. Our main resul…
We study the enumerative geometry of algebraic curves on abelian surfaces and threefolds. In the abelian surface case, the theory is parallel to the well-developed study of the reduced Gromov-Witten theory of K3 surfaces. We prove complete results in all genera for primitive classes. The generating series are quasimodular forms of pure weight. Conjectures for imprimitive classes are presented. In genus 2, the counts in all classes are proven. Special counts match the Euler characteristic calculations of the moduli spaces of stable pairs on abelian surfaces by Göttsche-Shende. A formula for hyp…
As shown in a previous paper, certain naturally arising cones of holomorphic vector bundle sections over the main component $\ov\M_{1,k}^0(¶,d)$ of the moduli space of stable genus-one holomorphic maps into $¶$ have a well-defined euler class. In this paper, we extend this result to moduli spaces of perturbed, in a restricted way, $J$-holomorphic maps. We show that euler classes of such cones relate the reduced genus-one Gromov-Witten invariants of complete intersections to the corresponding GW-invariants of the ambient projective space. As a consequence, the standard genus-one GW-invariants o…
The present note overviews our recent construction of real Gromov-Witten theory in arbitrary genera for many real symplectic manifolds, including the odd-dimensional projective spaces and the renowned quintic threefold, its properties, and its connections with real enumerative geometry. Our construction introduces the principle of orienting the determinant of a differential operator relative to a suitable base operator and a real setting analogue of the (relative) spin structure of open Gromov-Witten theory. Orienting the relative determinant, which in the now-standard cases is canonically equ…
