Non rigidity of hyperbolic laminations

A note on hyperbolic leaves and wild laminations of rational functions

We study the affine orbifold laminations that were constructed by Lyubich and Minsky. An important question left open in their construction is whether these laminations are always locally compact. We show that this is not the case. The counterexample we construct has the property that the regular leaf space contains (many) hyperbolic leaves that intersect the Julia set; whether this can happen is itself a question raised by Lyubich and Minsky.

The dichotomy of harmonic measures of compact hyperbolic laminations

Given a harmonic measure of a hyperbolic lamination on a compact metric space, a positive harmonic function is defined on the universal cover of a typical leaves. We discuss some properties of this function. Especially if all the leaves are hyperbolic, ergodic harmonic measures are divided into two classes.

A characterization of harmonic measures on laminations by hyperbolic Riemann surfaces

We prove that a probability measure on a compact non-singular lamination by hyperbolic Riemann surfaces is harmonic if and only if it is the projection of a measure on the unit tangent bundle such that it is invariant under both the geodesic and the horocycle flows.

Tessellation and Lyubich-Minsky laminations associated with quadratic maps II: Topological structures of 3-laminations

According to an analogy to quasi-Fuchsian groups, we investigate topological and combinatorial structures of Lyubich and Minsky's affine and hyperbolic 3-laminations associated with the hyperbolic and parabolic quadratic maps. We begin by showing that hyperbolic rational maps in the same hyperbolic component have quasi-isometrically the same 3-laminations. This gives a good reason to regard the main cardioid of the Mandelbrot set as an analogue of the Bers slices in the quasi-Fuchsian space. Then we describe the topological and combinatorial changes of laminations associated with hyperbolic-to…

Topology of leaves for minimal laminations by non-simply connected hyperbolic surfaces

We give the topological obstructions to be a leaf in a minimal lamination by hyperbolic surfaces whose generic leaf is homeomorphic to a Cantor tree. Then, we show that all allowed topological types can be simultaneously embedded in the same lamination. This result, together with results of Alvarez-Brum-Martínez-Potrie and Blanc, complete the panorama of understanding which topological surfaces can be leaves in minimal hyperbolic surface laminations when the topology of the generic leaf is given. In all cases, all possible topologies can be realized simultaneously.

Horocycle flows for laminations by hyperbolic Riemann surfaces and Hedlund's theorem

We study the dynamics of the geodesic and horocycle flows of the unit tangent bundle $(\hat M, T^1\mathcal{F})$ of a compact minimal lamination $(M,\mathcal F)$ by negatively curved surfaces. We give conditions under which the action of the affine group generated by the joint action of these flows is minimal, and examples where this action is not minimal. In the first case, we prove that if $\mathcal F$ has a leaf which is not simply connected, the horocyle flow is topologically transitive.

Laminations in holomorphic dynamics

We suggest a way to associate to a rational map of the Riemann sphere a three dimensional object called a hyperbolic orbifold 3-lamination. The relation of this object to the map is analogous to the relation of a hyperbolic 3-manifold to a Kleinian group. In order to construct the 3-lamination we analyze the natural extension of a rational map and the complex affine structure on the canonical 2-dimensional leaf space contained in it. In this paper the construction is carried out in full for post-critically finite maps. We show that the corresponding laminations have a compact convex core. As a…

拉伸叶状结构与双曲 Dehn 手术

Stretch laminations and hyperbolic Dehn surgery

研究双曲3流形Dehn手术族中最佳Lipschitz圆值映射的最大拉伸叶状结构，基于Thurston范数和Dehn填充斜率长度给出准则判断其何时为填充核心曲线并集，并证明存在无穷多例子使叶状结构仅含闭叶，为无限循环覆盖中的轨道闭包提供信息。

On density of horospheres in dynamical laminations

In 1985 D.Sullivan had introduced a dictionary between two domains of complex dynamics: iterations of rational functions on the Riemann sphere and Kleinian groups. The latters are discrete subgroups of the group of conformal automorphisms of the Riemann sphere. This dictionary motivated many remarkable results in both domains, starting from the famous Sullivan's no wandering domain theorem in the theory of iterations of rational functions. One of the principal objects used in the study of Kleinian groups is the hyperbolic 3- manifold associated to a Kleinian group, which is the quotient of its…

Topology of leaves for minimal laminations by hyperbolic surfaces

We construct minimal laminations by hyperbolic surfaces whose generic leaf is a disk and contain any prescribed family of surfaces and with a precise control of the topologies of the surfaces that appear. The laminations are constructed via towers of finite coverings of surfaces for which we need to develop a relative version of residual finiteness which may be of independent interest. The main step in establishing this relative version of residual finiteness is to obtain finite covers with control on the \emph{second systole} of the surface, which is done in the appendix. In a companion paper…

Some remarks on bounded earthquakes

We first show that an earthquake of a geometrically infinite hyperbolic surface induces an asymptotically conformal change in the hyperbolic metric if and only if the measured lamination associated with the earthquake is asymptotically trivial on the surface. Then we show that the contraction along earthquake paths is continuous in the Teichmüller space of any hyperbolic surface. Finally, we show that if a measured lamination vanishes while approaching infinity at the rate higher than the distance to the boundary then it must be trivial.

Normally Hyperbolic Invariant Laminations and diffusive behaviour for the generalized Arnold example away from resonances

In this paper we study existence of Normally Hyperbolic Invariant Laminations (NHIL) for a nearly integrable system given by the product of the pendulum and the rotator perturbed with a small coupling between the two. This example was introduced by Arnold. Using a {\it separatrix map}, introduced in a low dimensional case by Zaslavskii-Filonenko and studied in a multidimensional case by Treschev and Piftankin, for an open class of trigonometric perturbations we prove that NHIL do exist. Moreover, using a second order expansion for the separatrix map from [GKZ], we prove that the system restric…

Perfect subspaces of quadratic laminations

The combinatorial Mandelbrot set is a continuum in the plane, whose boundary can be defined, up to a homeomorphism, as the quotient space of the unit circle by an explicit equivalence relation. This equivalence relation was described by Douady and, in different terms, by Thurston. Thurston used quadratic invariant laminations as a major tool. As has been previously shown by the authors, the combinatorial Mandelbrot set can be interpreted as a quotient of the space of all limit quadratic invariant laminations. The topology in the space of laminations is defined by the Hausdorff distance. In thi…

A Compactness Theorem for Embedded Measured Riemann Surface Laminations

We prove a compactness theorem for embedded measured hyperbolic Riemann surface laminations in a compact almost complex manifold $(X, J)$. To prove compactness result, we show that there is a suitable topology on the space of measured Riemann surface laminations induced by Levy-Prokhorov metric. As an application of the compactness theorem, we show that given a biholomorphism of $ϕ$ of a closed complex manifold $X$, some power $ϕ^k $ ($k>0$) fixes a measured Riemann surface lamination in $X$.

Dynamique transverse de la lamination de Ghys-Kenyon

Using an aperiodic and repetitive subtree of the Cayley graph of the free Abelian group with two generators, described by Kenyon, Ghys has constructed an example of minimal Riemann surface lamination having both Euclidean and hyperbolic leaves. We prove that the transverse dynamics of this lamination is represented (in a measurable way) by a 2-adic odometer. In fact, we can describe its topological transverse dynamics, and prove that the Ghys-Kenyon lamination is affable.

正则覆盖中的极小叶状结构、球面轨道闭包与圆值Lipschitz映射

Minimizing laminations in regular covers, horospherical orbit closures, and circle-valued Lipschitz maps

本文揭示了紧双曲流形的$\mathbb{Z}$-覆盖中距离极小叶状结构与球面轨道闭包的联系，构造了具有指定性质的$\mathbb{Z}$-覆盖并明确描述了所有horocycle轨道闭包，同时证明双曲度量的微小扰动会导致其拓扑发生剧烈变化。

与二次映射相关的嵌铺与 Lyubich-Minsky 叶状结构，I：捏半共轭

Tessellation and Lyubich-Minsky laminations associated with quadratic maps, I: Pinching semiconjugacies

本文引入双曲和抛物二次映射填充 Julia 集的嵌铺，利用瓦片组织内部动力学，并基于嵌铺与线性化坐标退化研究构造了双曲到抛物退化的捏半共轭连续族。

计算RP3BP中分离子映射和正常双曲不变鳞片

Computation of a separatrix map and a normally hyperbolic invariant lamination for the RP3BP

本文研究了RP3BP中3:1 Kirkwood间隙的正常双曲不变鳞片的存在性，并展示了其诱导动力学为部分双曲斜移，揭示了小偏心率下小行星的随机扩散行为。

Characterization of Fuchsian groups as laminar groups & the structure theorem of hyperbolic 2-orbifolds

Thurston and Calegari-Dunfield showed that the fundamental group of some tautly foliated hyperbolic 3-manifold acts on the circle in a distinctive way that the action preserves some structure of S^1, so-called a circle lamination. Indeed, a large class of Kleinian groups acts on the circle preserving a circle lamination. In this paper, we are concerned with the converse problem that a group acting on the circle with at least two invariant circle laminations is Kleinian. We prove that a subgroup of the orientation preserving circle homeomorphism group is a Fuchsian group whose quotient orbifold…

The Heights Theorem for infinite Riemann surfaces

Marden and Strebel established the Heights Theorem for integrable holomorphic quadratic differentials on parabolic Riemann surfaces. We extends the validity of the Heights Theorem to all surfaces whose fundamental group is of the first kind. In fact, we establish a more general result: the {\it horizontal} map which assigns to each integrable holomorphic quadratic differential a measured lamination obtained by straightening the horizontal trajectories of the quadratic differential is injective for an arbitrary Riemann surface with a conformal hyperbolic metric. This was established by Strebel …

具有Collet-Eckmann点和无限多个汇的野集：稳定性和共存

Non-Hyperbolic Chaotic Dynamics: Renormalization and More

本文研究了二维系统中野集与非均匀混沌超限性的共存现象，并提出了一种广义重正化方案。

Cocycle rigidity of partially hyperbolic abelian actions with almost rank one factors

We extend the recent progress on the cocycle rigidity of partially hyperbolic homogeneous abelian actions to the setting with rank 1 factors in the universal cover. The method of proof relies on the periodic cycle functional and analysis of the cycle structure, but uses a new argument to give vanishing.

Local Rigidity of Partially Hyperbolic Actions

We consider partially hyperbolic abelian algebraic high-rank actions on compact homogeneous spaces obtained from simple indefinite orthogonal and unitary groups. In the first part of the paper, we show local differentiable rigidity for such actions. The conclusions are based on progress towards computations of the Schur multipliers of these non-split groups, which is the main aim of the second part.

从第一性原理计数单位圆盘叶层化的旋转集

Counting Rotational Sets for Laminations of the Unit Disk from First Principles

本文从第一性原理出发，通过分析单位圆上零的原像位置，给出了给定次数、旋转数和基数下旋转集计数的闭式公式，为多项式参数空间双曲分支结构提供了基于初等几何与组合原理的直观解释。

Integrable measure equivalence and rigidity of hyperbolic lattices

We study rigidity properties of lattices in hyperbolic n-space with n>2 and of surface groups in the context of (integrable) measure equivalence. The results for lattices in hyperbolic n-space with n>2 are generalizations of Mostow rigidity; they include a cocycle version of strong rigidity and an integrable measure equivalence classification. Despite the lack of Mostow rigidity for n=2 we show that cocompact lattices in SL(2,R) allow a similar integrable measure equivalence classification.

Measure rigidity beyond uniform hyperbolicity: Invariant Measures for Cartan actions on Tori

We prove that every smooth action of Z^k, k>1, on the (k+1)-dimensional torus homotopic to an action by hyperbolic linear maps preserves an absolutely continuous measure. This is a first known result concerning abelian groups of diffeomorphisms where existence of an invariant geometric structure is obtained from homotopy data.

环面上部分双曲作用的若干等距扩张的刚性性质

Rigidity properties for some isometric extensions of partially hyperbolic actions on the torus

本文研究环面上部分双曲作用的等距扩张的局部刚性，证明了在扰动满足相交性质时的$C^\infty$局部刚性及体积保持作用类中的局部刚性，方法基于KAM迭代格式的推广。

Smooth local rigidity for hyperbolic toral automorphisms

We study the regularity of a conjugacy $H$ between a hyperbolic toral automorphism $A$ and its smooth perturbation $f$ We show that if $H$ is weakly differentiable then it is $C^{1+Hölder}$ and, if $A$ is also weakly irreducible, then $H$ is $C^\infty$. As a part of the proof, we establish results of independent interest on Hölder continuity of a measurable conjugacy between linear cocycles over a hyperbolic system. As a corollary, we improve regularity of the conjugacy to $C^\infty$ in prior local rigidity results.

Measure and cocycle rigidity for certain non-uniformly hyperbolic actions of higher rank abelian groups

We prove absolute continuity of "high entropy" hyperbolic invariant measures for smooth actions of higher rank abelian groups assuming that there are no proportional Lyapunov exponents. For actions on tori and infranilmanifolds existence of an absolutely continuous invariant measure of this kind is obtained for actions whose elements are homotopic to those of an action by hyperbolic automorphisms with no multiple or proportional Lyapunov exponents. In the latter case a form of rigidity is proved for certain natural classes of cocycles over the action.

Rigidity, universality,and hyperbolicity of renormalization for critical circle maps with non-integer exponents

We construct a renormalization operator which acts on analytic circle maps whose critical exponent $α$ is not necessarily an odd integer $2n+1$, $n\in\mathbb N$. When $α=2n+1$, our definition generalizes cylinder renormalization of analytic critical circle maps. In the case when $α$ is close to an odd integer, we prove hyperbolicity of renormalization for maps of bounded type. We use it to prove universality and $C^{1+α}$-rigidity for such maps.

Cocycle rigidity of abelian partially hyperbolic actions

Suppose $G$ is a higher-rank connected semisimple Lie group with finite center and without compact factors. Let $\mathbb{G}=G$ or $\mathbb{G}=G\ltimes V$, where $V$ is a finite dimensional vector space $V$. For any unitary representation $(π,\mathcal{H})$ of $\GG$, we study the twisted cohomological equation $π(a)f-λf=g$ for partially hyperbolic element $a\in \mathbb{G}$ and $λ\in U(1)$, as well as the twisted cocycle equation $π(a_1)f-λ_1f=π(a_2)g-λ_2 g$ for commuting partially hyperbolic elements $a_1,\,a_2\in \mathbb{G}$. We characterize the obstructions to solving these equations, construc…

某些具有1维中心的部 分双曲阿贝尔作用的全局刚性

Global rigidity for some partially hyperbolic abelian actions with 1-dimensional center

本文证明了某些2步幂流形上阿贝尔部分双曲高秩作用的全局刚性，即所有此类作用均光滑共轭于仿射模型，并由此分类了小扰动下的中心化子。

New Cases of Differential Rigidity for Non-Generic Partially Hyperbolic Actions

We prove the locally differentiable rigidity of generic partially hyperbolic abelian algebraic high-rank actions on compact homogeneous spaces obtained from split symplectic Lie groups. We also gave a non-generic action rigidity example on compact homogeneous spaces obtained from SL(2n,R) or SL(2n,C). The conclusions are based on geometric Katok-Damjanovic way and progress towards computations of the generating relations in these groups.

简单二维映射中双曲分裂刚性的数值研究

A numerical study of rigidity of hyperbolic splittings in simple two-dimensional maps

本文通过数值模拟研究简单二维解析映射中的双曲分裂刚性，证明其双曲结构非光滑，为光滑动力系统中产生非光滑相空间结构的全局机制提供了例证。

Pathology and asymmetry: centralizer rigidity for partially hyperbolic diffeomorphisms

We discover a rigidity phenomenon within the volume-preserving partially hyperbolic diffeomorphisms with $1$-dimensional center. In particular, for smooth, ergodic perturbations of certain algebraic systems -- including the discretized geodesic flows over hyperbolic manifolds and certain toral automorphisms with simple spectrum and exactly one eigenvalue on the unit circle, the smooth centralizer is either virtually $\mathbb Z^\ell$ or contains a smooth flow. At the heart of this work are two very different rigidity phenomena. The first was discovered in [2,3] for a class of volume-preserving …

高阶部分双曲代数作用的局部刚性

Local rigidity of higher rank partially hyperbolic algebraic actions

本研究结合表示论、调和分析与KAM迭代，完整解决高阶部分双曲代数作用局部分类问题，证明多类阿贝尔遍历代数作用的$C^\infty$局部刚性，首次得到非可达部分双曲作用及带非阿贝尔幂零根基扭空间的相关新结果。

Hopf rigidity for convex billiards on the hemisphere and hyperbolic plane

This paper deals with Hopf type rigidity for convex billiards on surfaces of constant curvature. We prove that the only convex billiard without conjugate points on the Hyperbolic plane or on the Hemisphere is circular billiard.

高维Anosov流与部分双曲流中强不稳定叶理的刚性

Rigidity from the strong unstable foliation for higher-dimensional Anosov and partially hyperbolic flows

本文推广Burniol Clotet的刚性结果至高维Anosov流及其紧致李群等距扩张，证明强不稳定叶理等价蕴含时间重标度共轭。

KAM rigidity for partially hyperbolic affine Z^k actions on the torus with a rank one factor

We show that ergodic affine abelian discrete actions on the torus, that have a rank-one factor in their linear part, are locally rigid in a KAM sense if and only if the rank one factor is trivial and the action is higher-rank transversally to this factor. Since it has been proved by Damjanovic and Katok that affine actions with higher-rank linear part are locally rigid, our result completes the local rigidity picture for affine actions on the torus.

Global smooth and topological rigidity of hyperbolic lattice actions

In this article we prove global rigidity results for hyperbolic actions of higher-rank lattices. Suppose $Γ$ is a lattice in semisimple Lie group, all of whose factors have rank $2$ or higher. Let $α$ be a smooth $Γ$-action on a compact nilmanifold $M$ that lifts to an action on the universal cover. If the linear data $ρ$ of $α$ contains a hyperbolic element, then there is a continuous semiconjugacy intertwining the actions of $α$ and $ρ$, on a finite-index subgroup of $Γ$. If $α$ is a $C^\infty$ action and contains an Anosov element, then the semiconjugacy is a $C^\infty$ conjugacy. As a coro…

Hyperbolicity and Rigidity for Fibred Partially Hyperbolic Systems

Every volume-preserving centre-bunched fibred partially hyperbolic system with 2-dimensional centre either (1) has two distinct centre Lyapunov exponents, or (2) exhibits an invariant continuous line field (or pair of line fields) tangent to the centre leaves, or (3) admits a continuous conformal structure on the centre leaves invariant under both the dynamics and the stable and unstable holonomies. The last two alternatives carry strong restrictions on the topology of the centre leaves: (2) can only occur on tori, and for (3) the centre leaves must be either tori or spheres. Moreover, under s…

Laminations and 2-filling rays on infinite type surfaces

The loop graph of an infinite type surface is an infinite diameter hyperbolic graph first studied in detail by Juliette Bavard. An important open problem in the study of infinite type surfaces is to describe the boundary of the loop graph as a space of geodesic laminations. We approach this problem by constructing the first examples of 2-filling rays on infinite type surfaces. Such rays accumulate onto geodesic laminations which are in some sense filling, but without strong enough properties to correspond to points in the boundary of the loop graph. We give multiple constructions using both a …

Local marked boundary rigidity under hyperbolic trapping assumptions

Under the assumption that the X-ray transform over symmetric solenoidal 2-tensors is injective, we prove that smooth compact connected manifolds with strictly convex boundary, no conjugate points and a hyperbolic trapped set are locally marked boundary rigid.

部分双曲测度的几何性质及其在测度刚性中的应用

Geometric properties of partially hyperbolic measures and applications to measure rigidity

本文通过高阶模板刻画三维部分双曲测度强稳定与不稳定丛的定量不可积性，并借助Katz的工作证明$uu$-态的测度刚性与物理测度的存在性。

Bootstrap for local rigidity of Anosov automorphisms on the 3-torus

We establish a strong form of local rigidity for hyperbolic automorphisms of the 3-torus with real spectrum. Namely, let $L\colon\mathbb T^3\to\mathbb T^3$ be a hyperbolic automorphism of the 3-torus with real spectrum and let $f$ be a $C^1$ small perturbation of $L$. Then $f$ is smoothly ($C^\infty$) conjugate to $L$ if and only if obstructions to $C^1$ conjugacy given by the eigenvalues at periodic points of $f$ vanish. By combining our result and a local rigidity result of Kalinin and Sadovskaya for conformal automorphisms this completes the local rigidity program for hyperbolic automorphis…

Rigidity for $C^1$ actions on the interval arising from hyperbolicity I: solvable groups

We consider Abelian-by-cyclic groups for which the cyclic factor acts by hyperbolic automorphisms on the Abelian subgroup. We show that if such a group acts faithfully by $C^1$ diffeomorphisms of the closed interval with no global fixed point at the interior, then the action is topologically conjugated to that of an affine group. Moreover, in case of non-Abelian image, we show a rigidity result concerning the multipliers of the homotheties, despite the fact that the conjugacy is not necessarily smooth. Some consequences for non-solvable groups are proposed. In particular, we give new proofs/ex…

Local rigidity of certain actions of nilpotent-by-cyclic groups on the sphere

Let G = SU(n,1), n >1 be the orientation-preserving isometry group of the complex hyperbolic space with an Iwasawa decomposition G = KAN. We prove local rigidity of a family of certain actions of a subgroup of AN on the imaginary boundary of the complex hyperbolic space.

双曲曲面的局部无标记长度谱刚性

Local unmarked length spectrum rigidity for hyperbolic surfaces

本文证明严格1/9-夹紧的闭负曲率曲面若与双曲度量共享无标记长度谱则必为双曲，并由此得出双曲度量在C^2邻域内由该谱唯一决定。

渐近双曲流形在固定共形类中的边界刚性

Boundary Rigidity in a fixed conformal class for Asymptotically Hyperbolic Manifolds

研究渐近双曲流形中边界距离决定度量的问题，证明若两个共形渐近双曲度量（简单或负曲率）的标记重正化边界距离在共形无穷的某些代表下一致，则两度量相等。

Local rigidity of manifolds with hyperbolic cusps II. Nonlinear theory

This article is the second in a series of two whose aim is to extend a recent result of Guillarmou-Lefeuvre [arXiv:1806.04218] on the local rigidity of the marked length spectrum from the case of compact negatively-curved Riemannian manifolds to the case of manifolds with hyperbolic cusps. We deal with the nonlinear version of the problem and prove that such manifolds are locally rigid for nonlinear perturbations of the metric that slightly decrease at infinity. Our proof relies on the linear theory addressed in [arXiv:1907.01809] and on a careful analytic study of the generalized X-ray transf…