S-P Kobayashi, M Kilian, W Rossman, N Schmitt
We show the existence of several new families of non-compact constant mean curvature surfaces: (i) singly-punctured surfaces of arbitrary genus $g \geq 1$, (ii) doubly-punctured tori, and (iii) doubly periodic surfaces with Delaunay ends.
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We construct new constant mean curvature surfaces in H2xR. They arise as sister surfaces of Plateau solutions. It is a family of MC 1/2 surfaces with k ends, genus 1 and k-fold dihedral symmetry, k greater 2. The surfaces are Alexandrov- embedded.
Expanders for Mean Curvature Flow and Counterexamples to Ilmanen's Genus-Reduction Conjecture
本文构造了新的均曲率流扩张器，这些扩张器光滑地趋于某些收缩器产生的锥体。对于每个锥体，证明了存在任意高亏格的扩张器，反驳了伊尔曼恩的亏格减少猜想。
We show existence of constant mean curvature 1 surfaces in both hyperbolic 3-space and de Sitter 3-space with two complete embedded ends and any positive genus up to genus twenty. We also find another such family of surfaces in de Sitter 3-space, but with a different non-embedded end behavior.
The Genus-Decreasing Property of Mean Curvature Flow, I
本文研究了均曲率流中正则集亏格随时间的变化性质，证明了其递减性及局部版本。
On complete embedded translating solitons of the mean curvature flow that are of finite genus
本文通过沿 Costa-Hoffman-Meeks 曲面对3个 Grim 抛物面的并集进行去奇化，构造了具有3个端和任意有限亏格的平均曲率流完备嵌入平移孤立子。
We discuss the cobordism type of spin manifolds with nonnegative sectional curvature. We show that in each dimension $4k \geq 12$, there are infinitely many cobordism types of simply connected and nonnegatively curved spin manifolds. Moreover, we raise and analyze a question about possible cobordism obstructions to nonnegative curvature.
We give a mathematical foundation for, and numerical demonstration of, the existence of mean curvature 1 surfaces of genus 1 with either two elliptic ends or two hyperbolic ends in de Sitter 3-space. An end of a mean curvature 1 surface is an ``elliptic end'' (resp. a ``hyperbolic end'') if the monodromy matrix at the end is diagonalizable with eigenvalues in the unit circle (resp. in the reals). Although the existence of the surfaces is numerical, the types of ends are mathematically determined.
Given an smooth function $K <0$ we prove a result by Berger, Kazhdan and others that in every conformal class there exists a metric which attains this function as its Gaussian curvature for a compact Riemann surface of genus $g>1$. We do so by minimizing an appropriate functional using elementary analysis. In particular for $K$ a negative constant, this provides an elementary proof of the uniformization theorem for compact Riemann surfaces of genus $g >1$.
Noncompact self-shrinkers for mean curvature flow with arbitrary genus
本文利用 min-max 方法严格证明了 Ilmanen 关于任意亏格非紧自收缩子存在的猜想，并在大亏格情形下证实其恰有一个渐近锥形端，同时给出奇数亏格双端情形的数值证据。
In 1841, Delaunay constructed the embedded surfaces of revolution with constant mean curvature (CMC); these unduloids have genus zero and are now known to be the only embedded CMC surfaces with two ends and finite genus. Here, we construct the complete family of embedded CMC surfaces with three ends and genus zero; they are classified using their asymptotic necksizes. We work in a class slightly more general than embedded surfaces, namely immersed surfaces which bound an immersed three-manifold, as introduced by Alexandrov.
Using the local picture of the degeneration of sequences of minimal surfaces developed by Chodosh, Ketover and Maximo we show that in any closed Riemannian 3-manifold $(M,g)$, the genus of an embedded CMC surface can be bounded only in terms of its index and area, independently of the value of its mean curvature. We also show that if $M$ has finite fundamental group, the genus and area of any non-minimal embedded CMC surface can be bounded in term of its index and a lower bound for its mean curvature.
We derive several vanishing theorems for genera under almost nonnegative Ricci curvature and infinite fundamental group, which includes Todd genus, $\widehat{A}$-genus, elliptic genera and Witten genus. A vanishing theorem of Euler characteristic number for almost nonnegatively curved Alexandrov spaces is also proved.
We construct the first examples of complete, properly embedded minimal surfaces in $\mathbb{H}^2 \times \mathbb{R}$ with finite total curvature and positive genus. These are constructed by gluing copies of horizontal catenoids or other nondegenerate summands. We also establish that every horizontal catenoid is nondegenerate. Finally, using the same techniques, we are able to produce properly embedded minimal surfaces with infinitely many ends. Each annular end has finite total curvature and is asymptotic to a vertical totally geodesic plane.
We use Whitham deformations to give a complete account of spectral data of real solutions of the sinh--Gordon equation of spectral genus 2. We parameterise the closure of spectral data of constant mean curvature tori in $\mathbb{R}^3$ by an isosceles right triangle and analyse its boundary. We prove that the Wente family, which is described by spectral data with real coefficients, is parameterised by the bisector of the right angle. Our methods combine blowups of Whitham deformations and spectral data in an innovative way that changes the underlying integrable system.
We use Colding--Minicozzi lamination theory to study the systole of large genus minimal surfaces in an ambient three-manifold of positive Ricci curvature.
In this work we prove that the Whitehead manifold has no complete metric of positive scalar curvature. This result can be generalized to the genus one case. Precisely, we show that no contractible genus one $3$-manifold admits a complete metric of positive scalar curvature.
Curvature operators and rational cobordism
本文通过曲率算子特征值的线性不等式，构造了使扭曲 $\hat A$ 亏格及多种有理配边不变量消失的手术稳定曲率条件。
We prove several results about the vanishing of the elliptic genus on positively curved Spin manifolds with logarithmic symmetry rank. The proofs are based on the rigidity of the elliptic genus and Kennard's improvement of the Connectedness Lemma for transversely intersecting, totally geodesic submanifolds.
We establish a curvature estimate for classical minimal surfaces with total boundary curvature less than 4π. The main application is a bound on the genus of these surfaces depending solely on the geometry of the boundary curve. We also prove that the set of simple closed curves with total curvature less than 4πand which do not bound an orientable compact embedded minimal surface of genus greater than g, for any given g, is open in the C^{2,α} topology.
We give examples of isospectral non-isometric surfaces of genus 2 and 3 with variable curvatures and apply the result to construct isospectral potentials on Riemann surfaces of genus 2.
Area bounds for constant mean curvature surfaces in hyperbolic 3-manifolds
本文在有限体积双曲3-流形上，建立了平均曲率至少为1的闭嵌入曲面面积上界，该上界依赖于平均曲率与亏格，并由此导出曲面的紧致性，且对平均曲率为1的Bryant曲面面积与亏格成正比。
Every Closed Oriented Surface of Positive Genus Is Loewner
该研究借助Chodosh-Vikman的万有覆盖球比较定理，证明了所有亏格为正的闭定向黎曼曲面均为Loewner曲面，满足sys面积不等式。
Let $(X,g)$ be a compact Riemannian manifold with quasi-positive Riemannian scalar curvature. If there exists a complex structure $J$ compatible with $g$, then the canonical bundle $K_X$ is not pseudo-effective and the Kodaira dimension $κ(X,J)=-\infty$. We also introduce the complex Yamabe number $λ_c(X)$ for compact complex manifold $X$, and show that if $λ_c(X)>0$, then $κ(X)=-\infty$; moreover, if $X$ is also spin, then the Hirzebruch $A$-hat genus $\hat A(X)=0$.
A 2-systolic inequality on non-rational compact Kähler surfaces with positive scalar curvature
本文研究了具有非常数全纯映射到正亏曲线的紧正标量曲率凯勒表面的2-系统不等式，证明了此类表面必为纤维化 over 复曲线的有理面。
In [20], Ros and Vergasta proved that an immersed orientable compact stable constant mean curvature surface $Σ$ with free boundary in a closed ball $B\subset\mathbb{R}^3$ must be a planar equator, a spherical cap or a surface of genus 1 with at most two boundary components. In this article, by using a modified Hersch type balancing argument, we complete their work by proving that $Σ$ cannot have genus 1.
Let M be a 3-manifold (possibly with boundary). We show that, for any positive integer g, there exists an open nonempty set of metrics on M for each of which there are stable compact embedded minimal surfaces of genus g with arbitrarily large area. This extends the result of Colding and Minicozzi for g=1.
Self-expanders of positive genus
本文针对三维空间中的一般锥体构造正亏格自展开子，并用于构造平均曲率流，使亏格在奇异时刻不降为零，同时构造无界亏格序列并刻画其渐近行为。
Given a closed flat 3-torus $N$, for each $H>0$ and each non-negative integer $g$, we obtain area estimates for closed surfaces with genus $g$ and constant mean curvature $H$ embedded in $N$. This result contrasts with the theorem of Traizet [33], who proved that every flat 3-torus admits for every positive integer $g$ with $g\neq 2$, connected closed embedded minimal surfaces of genus $g$ with arbitrarily large area.
Let $X$ be a compact connected Riemann surface of genus at least two. The main theorem of arxiv:1010.1488 says that for any positive integer $n \leq 2({\rm genus}(X)-1)$, the symmetric product $S^n(X)$ does not admit any Kähler metric satisfying the condition that all the holomorphic bisectional curvatures are nonnegative. Our aim here is to give a very simple and direct proof of this result of Bökstedt and Romão.
A genus-zero surface with bounded curvature enclosing less volume than the unit sphere
该研究构造了一个曲率有界且体积小于单位球的零 genus 表面，解决了关于主曲率限制下最小体积问题的公开问题。
Consider a sequence of closed, orientable surfaces of fixed genus $g$ in a Riemannian manifold $M$ with uniform upper bounds on mean curvature and area. We show that on passing to a subsequence and choosing appropriate parametrisations, the inclusion maps converge in $C^0$ to a map from a surface of genus $g$ to $M$. We also show that, on passing to a further subsequence, the distance functions corresponding to pullback metrics converge to a pseudo-metric of fractal dimension two. As a corollary, we obtain a purely geometric result. Namely, we show that bounds on the mean curvature, area and g…
Let $S_g$ be a closed surface of genus $g$ and $\mathbb{M}_g$ be the moduli space of $S_g$ endowed with the Weil-Petersson metric. In this paper we investigate the Weil-Petersson curvatures of $\mathbb{M}_g$ for large genus $g$. First, we study the asymptotic behavior of the extremal Weil-Petersson holomorphic sectional curvatures at certain thick surfaces in $\mathbb{M}_g$ as $g \to \infty$. Then we prove two curvature properties on the whole space $\mathbb{M}_g$ as $g\to \infty$ in a probabilistic way.
The classification of complete improper affine spheres with singularities of low total curvature and new examples
本文研究了幺模仿射三维空间中带奇异性的完备非固有仿射球，给出了总曲率大于等于$-6π$及$-8π$情形的分类，并提供了亏格0和1的新例子及嵌入端的渐近行为分析。
Minimal surfaces with arbitrary genus in 3-spheres of positive Ricci curvature
本文研究正Ricci曲率三维球面中的极小曲面，证明对任意亏格g，存在面积不超过第一Simon-Smith宽度两倍的嵌入极小曲面。
We give the first rigorous construction of complete, embedded self-shrinking hypersurfaces under mean curvature flow, since Angenent's torus in 1989. The surfaces exist for any sufficiently large prescribed genus $g$, and are non-compact with one end. Each has $4g+4$ symmetries and comes from desingularizing the intersection of the plane and sphere through a great circle, a configuration with very high symmetry. Each is at infinity asymptotic to the cone in $\mathbb{R}^3$ over a $2π/(g+1)$-periodic graph on an equator of the unit sphere $\mathbb{S}^2\subseteq\mathbb{R}^3$, with the shape of a …
We consider constant mean curvature surfaces of finite topology, properly embedded in three-space in the sense of Alexandrov. Such surfaces with three ends and genus zero were constructed and completely classified by the authors in arXiv:math.DG/0102183. Here we extend the arguments to the case of an arbitrary number of ends, under the assumption that the asymptotic axes of the ends lie in a common plane: we construct and classify the entire family of these genus-zero coplanar constant mean curvature surfaces.
We construct constant mean curvature surfaces in euclidean space with genus zero and n ends asymptotic to Delaunay surfaces using the DPW method.
For a Riemannian closed spin manifold and under some topological assumption (non-zero $\hat{A}$-genus or enlargeability in the sense of Gromov-Lawson), we give an optimal upper bound for the infimum of the scalar curvature in terms of the first eigenvalue of the Laplacian. The main difficulty lies in the study of the odd-dimensional case. On the other hand, we study the equality case for the closed spin Riemannian manifolds with non-zero $\hat{A}$-genus. This work improves an inequality which was first proved by K. Ono in 1988.
We investigate the close relationship between minimal surfaces in Euclidean 3-space and constant mean curvature 1 surfaces in hyperbolic 3-space. Just as in the case of minimal surfaces in Euclidean 3-space, the only complete connected embedded constant mean curvature 1 surfaces with two ends in hyperbolic space are well-understood surfaces of revolution -- the catenoid cousins. In contrast to this, we show that, unlike the case of minimal surfaces in Euclidean 3-space, there do exist complete connected immersed constant mean curvature 1 surfaces with two ends in hyperbolic space that are not …
Using the DPW method, we construct genus zero Alexandrov-embedded constant mean curvature (greater than one) surfaces with any number of Delaunay ends in hyperbolic space.
We construct a complete, embedded minimal surface in euclidean 3-space which has unbounded Gaussian curvature. It has infinite genus, infinitely many catenoidal type ends and one limit end.
In Euclidean 3-space endowed with a Cartesian reference system we consider a class of surfaces, called Delaunay tori, constructed by bending segments of Delaunay cylinders with neck-size $a$ and $n$ lobes along circumferences centered at the origin. Such surfaces are complete and compact, have genus one and almost constant, say 1, mean curvature, when $n$ is large. Considering a class of mappings $H\colon\mathbb{R}^{3}\to\mathbb{R}$ such that $H(X)\to 1$ as $|X|\to\infty$ with some decay of inverse-power type, we show that for $n$ large and $|a|$ small, in a suitable neighborhood of any Delaun…
In this work we give a method for constructing a one-parameter family of complete CMC-1 (i.e. constant mean curvature 1) surfaces in hyperbolic 3-space that correspond to a given complete minimal surface with finite total curvature in Euclidean 3-space. We show that this one-parameter family of surfaces with the same symmetry properties exists for all given minimal surfaces satisfying certain conditions. The surfaces we construct in this paper are irreducible, and in the process of showing this, we also prove some results about the reducibility of surfaces. Furthermore, in the case that the su…
Genus one singularities in mean curvature flow
本文研究了均 curvature 流中genus 一奇点的出现，构造了具有更低熵的嵌入自收缩曲面。
We explain how the current knowledge on the set of complete noncompact constant mean curvature surfaces can be exploited to produce new examples of compact constant mean curvature surfaces of genus greater than or equal to 3.
For each $k\geq 3$, we construct a 1-parameter family of complete properly Alexandrov-embedded minimal surfaces in the Riemannian product space $\mathbb{H}^2\times\mathbb{R}$ with genus $1$ and $k$ embedded ends asymptotic to vertical planes. We also obtain complete minimal surfaces with genus $1$ and $2k$ ends in the quotient of $\mathbb{H}^2\times\mathbb{R}$ by an arbitrary vertical translation. They all have dihedral symmetry with respect to $k$ vertical planes, as well as finite total curvature $-4kπ$. Finally, we also provide examples of complete properly Alexandrov-embedded minimal surfa…
Hirzebruch $χ_{y}$-genus of compact almost Kähler manifold with negative sectional curvature
本文证明在负截面曲率且Nijenhuis张量足够小的闭殆Kähler流形上，Hirzebruch $χ_{y}$-亏格的分量满足不等式$(-1)^{n-p}χ_{p}(X)\geq 1$，从而推出该情形下的Hopf猜想，即欧拉数满足$(-1)^{n}χ(X)\geq n+1$。
In this paper we prove some general results on constant mean curvature lamination limits of certain sequences of compact surfaces $M_n$ embedded in $\mathbb R^3$ with constant mean curvature $H_n$ and fixed finite genus, when the boundaries of these surfaces tend to infinity. Two of these theorems generalize to the non-zero constant mean curvature case, similar structure theorems by Colding and Minicozzi in~[6,8] for limits of sequences of minimal surfaces of fixed finite genus.
With the developments of the last decade on complete constant mean curvature 1 (CMC 1) surfaces in the hyperbolic 3-space $H^3$, many examples of such surfaces are now known. However, most of the known examples have regular ends. (An end is irregular, resp. regular, if the hyperbolic Gauss map of the surface has an essential singularity, resp. at most a pole, there.) There are some known surfaces with irregular ends, but they are all either reducible or of infinite total curvature. (The surface is reducible if and only if the monodromy of the secondary Gauss map can be simultaneously diagonali…
In this paper we construct an example of a complete immersed minimal surface in $\mathbb{R}^3$ of genus one with two embedded catenoid-type ends, one Enneper-type end and total Gauss curvature $-16π.$ The proof of the existence of this example, was obtained using the Weierstrass representation, the theory of elliptic functions and explicitly solving the period problem.
Bounding the A-hat genus using scalar curvature lower bounds and isoperimetric constants
本文利用标量曲率下界、Neumann 等周常数和体积，通过 Dirac 算子谱分析证明了光滑闭 spin Riemannian 流形 $\widehat{A}$ 亏格的上界，并构造例子说明该常数必要性，部分回答了 Gromov 的问题。
The Gauss images of complete minimal surfaces of genus zero of finite total curvature
本文研究欧氏 3、4 维空间中有限全曲率零亏格完备极小曲面的 Gauss 像，构造出含 2 个省略值、总权重 5/2 的完全分歧值的新例子并提出开放问题。
Let M = M_{g,k} denote the space of properly (Alexandrov) embedded constant mean curvature (CMC) surfaces of genus g with k (labeled) ends, modulo rigid motions, endowed with the real analytic structure described in [kmp]. Let $P = P_{g,k} = r_{g,k} \times R_+^k$ be the space of parabolic structures over Riemann surfaces of genus g with k (marked) punctures, the real analytic structure coming from the 3g-3+k local complex analytic coordinates on the Riemann moduli space r_{g,k}. Then the parabolic classifying map, Phi: M --> P, which assigns to a CMC surface its induced conformal structure and…
In \cite{CM5}, Colding and Minicozzi describe a type of compactness property possessed by sequences of embedded minimal surfaces in $\Real^3$ with finite genus and with boundaries going to $\infty$. They show that any such sequence either contains a sub-sequence with uniformly bounded curvature or the sub-sequence has certain prescribed singular behavior. In this paper, we sharpen their description of the singular behavior when the surfaces have connected boundary. Using this, we deduce certain additional compactness properties of the space of genus-$g$ helicoids.
We announce the classification of complete, almost embedded surfaces of constant mean curvature, with three ends and genus zero: they are classified by triples of points on the sphere whose distances are the asymptotic necksizes of the three ends.
We construct smooth bundles with base and fiber products of two spheres whose total spaces have non-vanishing $\hat{A}$-genus. We then use these bundles to locate non-trivial rational homotopy groups of spaces of Riemannian metrics with lower curvature bounds for all Spin-manifolds of dimension six or at least ten which admit such a metric and are a connected sum of some manifold and $S^n \times S^n$ or $S^n \times S^{n+1}$, respectively. We also construct manifolds $M$ whose spaces of Riemannian metrics of positive scalar curvature have homotopy groups that contain elements of infinite order …
We prove the existence of (branched) conformal immersions F: S^2 -> R^3 with mean curvature H > 0 arbitrarily prescribed up to a 3-dimensional affine indeterminacy. A similar result is proved for the space forms S^3, H^3 and partial results for surfaces of higher genus.
Existence of constant mean curvature surfaces with controlled topology in 3-manifolds
本文证明对于几乎所有预设常平均曲率H，任何闭可定向三维流形中都存在一个闭黎曼曲面的非平凡分支浸入，其亏格受流形的Heegaard亏格控制，通过扰动能量的极小极大构造和收敛分析得到。
Counting geodesic loops on surfaces of genus at least 2 without conjugate points
本文在无共轭点的紧曲面上建立了闭测地环的渐近计数估计，并证明了更一般的扇形定理，推广了Huber、Margulis、Nicholls和Sharp等人在严格负曲率情形下的经典结果。
We study the rigidity of complete, embedded constant mean curvature surfaces in R^3. Among other things, we prove that when such a surface has finite genus, then intrinsic isometries of the surface extend to isometries of R^3 or its isometry group contains an index two subgroup of isometries that extend.
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