We present several large classes of real Banach Lie-Poisson spaces whose characteristic distributions are integrable, the integral manifolds being symplectic leaves just as in finite dimensions. We also investigate when these leaves are embedded submanifolds or when they have Kähler structures. Our results apply to the real Banach Lie-Poisson spaces provided by the self-adjoint parts of preduals of arbitrary $W^*$-algebras, as well as of certain operator ideals.
Given an ascending sequence of weak symplectic Banach manifolds on which the Darboux theorem is true, we can ask about conditions under which the Darboux Theorem is also true on the direct limit. We will show in general, without very strong conditions, the answer is negative. In particular we give an example of an ascending weak symplectic Banach manifolds on which the Darboux Theorem is true but not on the direct limit. In a second part, we illustrate this discussion in the context of an ascending sequences of Sobolev manifolds of loops in symplectic finite dimensional manifolds. This context…
Given a projective sequence of Banach bundles, each one provided with a of weak symplectic form, we look for conditions under which, the corresponding sequence of weak symplectic forms gives rise to weak symplectic form on the projective limit bundle. Then we apply this results to the tangent bundle of a projective limit of Banach manifolds. This naturally leads to ask about conditions under which the Darboux Theorem is also true on the projective limit of Banach manifolds. We will give some necessary and some sufficient conditions so that such a result is true. Then we discuss why, in general…
In this paper we survey some recent works that take the first steps toward establishing bilateral connections between symplectic geometry and several other fields, namely, asymptotic geometric analysis, classical convex geometry, and the theory of normed spaces.
Suppose M be the projective limit of weak symplectic Banach manifolds \{(M_i,ϕ_{ij})\}_{i,j\in\mathbb N}, where M_i are modeled over reflexive Banach space and σis compatible with the inverse system(defined in the article). We associate to each point x\in M, a Fréchet space H_x(defined in section 3). We prove that if H_x are locally constant, then with certain smoothness and boundedness condition, there exists Darboux chart for the weak symplectic structure.
We provide an explicit description of symplectic leaves of a simply connected connected semisimple complex Lie group equipped with the standard Poisson-Lie structure. This sharpens previously known descriptions of the symplectic leaves as connected components of certain varieties. Our main tool is the machinery of twisted generalized minors. They also allow us to present several quasi-commuting coordinate systems on every symplectic leaf. As a consequence, we construct new completely integrable systems on some special symplectic leaves.
We consider a curve of Fredholm pairs of Lagrangian subspaces in a fixed Banach space with continuously varying (weak) symplectic structures. Assuming vanishing index, we obtain intrinsically a continuously varying splitting of the total Banach space into pairs of symplectic subspaces. Using such decompositions we define the curve's Maslov index by symplectic reduction to the classical finite-dimensional case. We prove the transitivity of repeated symplectic reductions and obtain the invariance of the Maslov index under symplectic reduction, while recovering all the standard properties of the …
We find computable criteria for stability of symplectic leaves of Poisson manifolds. Using Poisson geometry as an inspiration, we also give a general criterion for stability of leaves of Lie algebroids, including singular ones. This not only extends but also provides a new approach (and proofs) to the classical stability results for foliations and group actions.
All factorizable Lie bialgebra structures on complex reductive Lie algebras were described by Belavin and Drinfeld. We classify the symplectic leaves of the full class of corresponding connected Poisson-Lie groups. A formula for their dimensions is also proved.
We prove the Poisson geometric version of the Local Reeb Stability (from foliation theory) and of the Slice Theorem (from equivariant geometry). The result is also a generalization of Conn's linearization theorem from one-point leaves to arbitrary symplectic leaves (however, we do not make use of Conn's theorem).
We use persistence modules and their corresponding barcodes to quantitatively distinguish between different fiberwise star-shaped domains in the cotangent bundle of a fixed manifold. The distance between two fiberwise star-shaped domains is measured by a non-linear version of the classical Banach-Mazur distance, called symplectic Banach-Mazur distance and denoted by $d_{SBM}.$ The relevant persistence modules come from filtered symplectic homology and are stable with respect to $d_{SBM}.$ Our main focus is on the space of unit codisc bundles of orientable surfaces of positive genus, equipped w…
A geometric description of the first Poisson cohomology groups is given in the semilocal context, around (possibly singular) symplectic leaves. This result is based on the splitting theorems for infinitesimal automorphisms of coupling Poisson structures which describe the interaction between the tangential and transversal data of the characteristic distributions. As a consequence, we derive some criteria of vanishing of the first Poisson cohomology groups and apply the general splitting formulas to some particular classes of Poisson structures associated with singular symplectic foliations.
We construct a smooth codimension-one foliation on the five-sphere in which every leaf is a symplectic four-manifold and such that the symplectic structure varies smoothly. Our construction implies the existence of a complete regular Poisson structure on the five-sphere.
Following proposals of Ostrover and Polterovich, we introduce and study "coarse" and "fine" versions of a symplectic Banach-Mazur distance on certain open subsets of $\mathbb{C}^n$ and other open Liouville domains. The coarse version declares two such domains to be close to each other if each domain admits a Liouville embedding into a slight dilate of the other; the fine version, which is similar to the distance on subsets of cotangent bundles of surfaces recently studied by Stojisavljević and Zhang, imposes an additional requirement on the images of these embeddings that is motivated by the d…
We show that the leaves of an LA-groupoid which pass through the unit manifold are, modulo a connectedness issue, Lie groupoids. We illustrate this phenomenon by considering the cotangent Lie algebroids of Poisson groupoids thus obtaining an interesting class of symplectic groupoids coming from their symplectic foliations. In particular, we show that for a (strict) Lie 2-group the coadjoint orbits of the units in the dual of its Lie 2-algebra are symplectic groupoids, meaning that the classical Kostant-Kirillov-Souriau symplectic forms on these special coadjoint orbits are multiplicative.
We recall the Chernoff-Marsden definition of weak symplectic structure and give a rigorous treatment of the functional analysis and geometry of weak symplectic Banach spaces. We define the Maslov index of a continuous path of Fredholm pairs of Lagrangian subspaces in continuously varying Banach spaces. We derive basic properties of this Maslov index and emphasize the new features appearing.
We show how one can handle the formalism developped by Yurii Vorobjev in order to give general results about the problems of linearisation and of normal form of a Poisson structure in the neighborhood of one of its symplectic leaves.
The Lie-Poisson analogues of the cotangent bundle and coadjoint orbits of a Lie group are considered. For the natural Poisson brackets the symplectic leaves in these manifolds are classified and the corresponding symplectic forms are described. Thus the construction of the Kirillov symplectic form is generalized for Lie-Poisson groups.
In the symplectic realm, a distance between open starshaped domains in Liouville manifolds was recently defined. This is the symplectic Banach-Mazur distance. It was proposed by Ostrover and Polterovich and developed by Ostrover, Polterovich, Usher, Gutt, Zhang and Stojisavljević. The natural question is, can an analogous distance in the contact realm be defined? One idea is to define the distance on contact hypersurfaces of Liouville manifolds and another one on contact forms supporting isomorphic contact structures. Rosen and Zhang recently defined such a distance working with manifolds that…
In this paper we study a restricted family of holomorphic symplectic leaves in the Poisson-Lie group ${\rm GL}_r(\mathcal{K}_{\mathbb{P}^1_x})$ with rational quadratic Sklyanin brackets induced by a one-form with a single quadratic pole at $\infty \in \mathbb{P}_{1}$. The restriction of the family is that the matrix elements in the defining representation are linear functions of $x$. We study how the symplectic leaves in this family are obtained by the fusion of certain fundamental symplectic leaves. These symplectic leaves arise as minimal examples of (i) moduli spaces of multiplicative Higgs…
Let $G$ be a connected complex semi-simple Lie group and ${\mathcal{B}}$ its flag variety. For every positive integer $n$, we introduce a Poisson groupoid over ${\mathcal{B}}^n$, called the $n$th total configuration Poisson groupoid of flags of $G$, which contains a family of Poisson sub-groupoids whose total spaces are generalized double Bruhat cells and bases generalized Schubert cells. Certain symplectic leaves of these Poisson sub-groupoids are then shown to be symplectic groupoids over generalized Schubert cells. We also give explicit descriptions of symplectic leaves in three series of P…
We give an algebraic construction of connection on the symplectic leaves of Poisson manifold, introduced in \cite{Ginzburg}. This construction is suitable for the definition of the linearized holonomy on a regular symplectic foliation.
Let $G$ be a connected complex semisimple Lie group with a fixed maximal torus $T$ and a Borel subgroup $B \supset T$. For an arbitrary automorphism $θ$ of $G$, we introduce a holomorphic Poisson structure $π_θ$ on $G$ which is invariant under the $θ$-twisted conjugation by $T$ and has the property that every $θ$-twisted conjugacy class of $G$ is a Poisson subvariety with respect to $π_θ$. We describe the $T$-orbits of symplectic leaves, called $T$-leaves, of $π_θ$ and compute the dimensions of the symplectic leaves (i.e, the ranks) of $π_θ$. We give the lowest rank of $π_θ$ in any given $θ$-t…
To every Poisson algebraic variety X over an algebraically closed field of characteristic zero, we canonically attach a right D-module M(X) on X. If X is affine, solutions of M(X) in the space of algebraic distributions on X are Poisson traces on X, i.e., distributions invariant under Hamiltonian flows. When X has finitely many symplectic leaves, we prove that M(X) is holonomic. Thus, when X is affine and has finitely many symplectic leaves, the space of Poisson traces on X is finite-dimensional. As an application, we deduce that noncommutative filtered algebras whose associated graded algebra…
Poisson transversals are those submanifolds in a Poisson manifold which intersect all symplectic leaves transversally and symplectically. In a previous note we proved a normal form theorem around such submanifolds. In this communication, we promote that result to a normal form theorem for Poisson maps around Poisson transversals. A Poisson map pulls a Poisson transversal back to a Poisson transversal, and our first main result states that simultaneous normal forms exist around such transversals, for which the Poisson map becomes transversally linear, and intertwines the normal form data of the…
We give a comparative description of the Poisson structures on the moduli spaces of flat connections on real surfaces and holomorphic Poisson structures on the moduli spaces of holomorphic bundles on complex surfaces. The symplectic leaves of the latter are classified by restrictions of the bundles to certain divisors. This can be regarded as fixing a "complex analogue of the holonomy" of a connection along a "complex analogue of the boundary" in analogy with the real case.
We consider the Poisson sigma model associated to a Poisson manifold. The perturbative quantization of this model yields the Kontsevich star product formula. We study here the classical model in the Hamiltonian formalism. The phase space is the space of leaves of a Hamiltonian foliation and has a natural groupoid structure. If it is a manifold then it is a symplectic groupoid for the given Poisson manifold. We study various families of examples. In particular, a global symplectic groupoid for a general class of two-dimensional Poisson domains is constructed.
The Darboux-Weinstein decomposition is a central result in the theory of Poisson (degenerate symplectic) varieties, which gives a local decomposition at a point as a product of the formal neighborhood of the symplectic leaf through the point and a formal slice. Recently, conical symplectic resolutions, and more generally, Poisson cones, have been very actively studied in representation theory and algebraic geometry. This motivates asking for a C*-equivariant version of the Darboux-Weinstein decomposition. In this paper, we develop such a theory, prove basic results on their existence and uniqu…
In this paper we classify symplectic leaves of the regular part of the projectivization of the space of meromorphic endomorphisms of a stable vector bundle on an elliptic curve, using the study of shifted Poisson structures on the moduli of complexes from our previous work \cite{HP17}. This Poisson ind-scheme is closely related to the ind Poisson-Lie group associated to Belavin's elliptic $r$-matrix, studied by Sklyanin, Cherednik and Reyman and Semenov-Tian-Shansky. Our result leads to a classification of symplectic leaves on the regular part of meromorphic matrix algebras over an elliptic cu…
We give a local normal form for Dirac structures. As a consequence, we show that the dimensions of the pre-symplectic leaves of a Dirac manifold have the same parity. We also show that, given a point $m$ of a Dirac manifold $M$, there is a well-defined transverse Poisson structure to the pre-symplectic leaf $P$ through $m$. Finally, we describe the neighborhood of a pre-symplectic leaf in terms of geometric data. This description agrees with that given by Vorobjev for the Poisson case
We give an explicit form of the symplectic groupoid that integrates the semiclassical standard Podles sphere. We show that Sheu's groupoid, whose convolution C*-algebra quantizes the sphere, appears as the groupoid of the Bohr-Sommerfeld leaves of a (singular) real polarization of the symplectic groupoid. By using a complex polarization we recover the convolution algebra on the space of polarized sections. We stress the role of the modular class in the definition of the scalar product in order to get the correct quantum space.
Let $X$ be an $n$-dimensional manifold and $V_1,\ldots,V_n\subset C^\infty(X,\mathbb R)$ finite-dimensional vector spaces. For systems of equations $\{f_i = a_i\colon\: f_i\in V_i,\:a_i \in\mathbb R,\:i=1,\ldots,n\}$ we discover a relationship between the average number of their solutions and mixed volumes of convex bodies. To do this, we choose Banach metrics in the spaces $V_i$. Using these metrics, we construct 1) the measure in the space of systems, and 2) Banach convex bodies in $X$, i.e., collections of centrally symmetric convex bodies in the fibers of the cotangent bundle of $X$. It tu…
In this paper we construct and prove superintegrability of spin Calogero-Moser type systems on symplectic leaves of $K_1\backslash T^*G/K_2$ where $K_1,K_2\subset G$ are subgroups. We call them two sided spin Calogero-Moser systems. One important type of such systems correspond to $K_1=K_2=K$ where $K$ is a subgroup of fixed points of Chevalley involution $θ: G\to G$. The other important series of examples come from pair $G\subset G\times G$ with the diagonal embedding. We explicitly describe examples of such systems corresponding to symplectic leaves of rank one when $G=SL_n$.
In this short note we give a complete characterization of a certain class of compact corank one Poisson manifolds, those equipped with a closed one-form defining the symplectic foliation and a closed two-form extending the symplectic form on each leaf. If such a manifold has a compact leaf, then all the leaves are compact, and furthermore the manifold is a mapping torus of a compact leaf. These manifolds and their regular Poisson structures admit an extension as the critical hypersurface of a Poisson b-manifold as we consider in a later paper.
We introduce left central and right central functions and left and right leaves in quasi-Poisson geometry, generalizing central (or Casimir) functions and symplectic leaves from Poisson geometry. They lead to a new type of (quasi-)Poisson reduction, which is both simpler and more general than known quasi-Hamiltonian reductions. We study these notions in detail for moduli spaces of flat connections on surfaces, where the quasi-Poisson structure is given by an intersection pairing on homology.
This note is devoted to the study of the homology class of a compact Poisson transversal in a Poisson manifold. For specific classes of Poisson structures, such as unimodular Poisson structures and Poisson manifolds with closed leaves, we prove that all their compact Poisson transversals represent non-trivial homology classes, generalizing the symplectic case. We discuss several examples in which this property does not hold, as well as a weaker version of this property, which holds for log-symplectic structures. Finally, we extend our results to Dirac geometry.
A gauge $γ$ in a vector space $X$ is a distance function given by the Minkowski functional associated to a convex body $K$ containing the origin in its interior. Thus, the outcoming concept of gauge spaces $(X, γ)$ extends that of finite dimensional real Banach spaces by simply neglecting the symmetry axiom (a viewpoint that Minkowski already had in mind). If the dimension of $X$ is even, then the fixation of a symplectic form yields an identification between $X$ and its dual space $X^*$ . The image of the polar body $K^{\circ}\subseteq X^*$ under this identification yields a (skew-)dual gauge…
This thesis studies normal forms for Poisson structures around symplectic leaves using several techniques: geometric, formal and analytic ones. One of the main results (Theorem 2) is a normal form theorem in Poisson geometry, which is the Poisson-geometric version of the Local Reeb Stability (from foliation theory) and of the Slice Theorem (from equivariant geometry). The result generalizes Conn's theorem from fixed points to arbitrary symplectic leaves. We present two proofs of this result: a geometric one relying heavily on the theory of Lie algebroids and Lie groupoids (similar to the new p…
There exist three main approaches to reduction associated to canonical Lie group actions on a symplectic manifold, namely, foliation reduction, introduced by Cartan, Marsden-Weinstein reduction, and optimal reduction, introduced by the authors. When the action is free, proper, and admits a momentum map these three approaches coincide. The goal of this paper is to study the general case of a symplectic action that does not admit a momentum map and one needs to use its natural generalization, a cylinder valued momentum map introduced by Condevaux, Dazord, and Molino. In this case it will be show…
Let $G$ be a connected semisimple Lie group. There are two natural duality constructions that assign to it the Langlands dual group $G^\vee$ and the Poisson-Lie dual group $G^*$. The main result of this paper is the following relation between these two objects: the integral cone defined by the cluster structure and the Berenstein-Kazhdan potential on the double Bruhat cell $G^{\vee; w_0, e} \subset G^\vee$ is isomorphic to the integral Bohr-Sommerfeld cone defined by the Poisson structure on the partial tropicalization of $K^* \subset G^*$ (the Poisson-Lie dual of the compact form $K \subset G…
We present an algebraic framework for the computation of low-degree cohomology of a class of bigraded complexes which arise in Poisson geometry around (pre)symplectic leaves. We also show that this framework can be applied to the more general context of Lie algebroids. Finally, we apply our results to compute the low-degree cohomology in some particular cases.
We present some basic results on a natural Poisson structure on any compact symmetric space. The symplectic leaves of this structure are related to the orbits of the corresponding real semisimple group on the complex flag manifold.
In this paper we use a diffeo-geometric framework based on manifolds that are locally modeled on "convenient" vector spaces to study the geometry of some infinite dimensional spaces. Given a finite dimensional symplectic manifold $(M,ω)$, we construct a weak symplectic structure on each leaf ${\textbf I}_{w}$ of a foliation of the space of compact oriented isotropic submanifolds in $M$ equipped with top degree forms of total measure 1. These forms are called weightings and such manifolds are said to be weighted. We show that this symplectic structure on the particular leaves consisting of weig…
We investigate the fine structure of the simplectic foliations of Poisson homogeneous spaces. Two general results are proved for weak splittings of surjective Poisson submersions from Heisenberg and Drinfeld doubles. The implications of these results are that the torus orbits of symplectic leaves of the quotients can be explicitly realized as Poisson-Dirac submanifolds of the torus orbits of the doubles. The results have a wide range of applications to many families of real and complex Poisson structures on flag varieties. Their torus orbits of leaves recover important families of varieties su…
We look at Poisson geometry taking the viewpoint of singular foliations, understood as suitable submodules generated by Hamiltonian vector fields rather than partitions into (symplectic) leaves. The class of Poisson structures which behave best from this point of view, are those whose submodule generated by Hamiltonian vector fields arises from a smooth holonomy groupoid. We call them almost regular Poisson structures and determine them completely. They include regular Poisson and log symplectic manifolds, as well as several other Poisson structures whose symplectic foliation presents singular…
Let G be a noncompact real semisimple Lie group. The regular coadjoint orbits of G can be partitioned into a finite set of types. We show that on each regular orbit, the Iwasawa decomposition induces a left-invariant foliation which is isotropic with respect to the Kirillov symplectic form. Moreover, the leaves are affine subspaces of the dual of the Lie algebra, and the dimension of the leaves depends only on the type of the orbit. When G is a split real form, the foliations induced from the Iwasawa decomposition are actually Lagrangian fibrations with a global transverse Lagrangian section.
We revisit symplectic properties of the monodromy map for Fuchsian systems on the Riemann sphere. We extend previous results of Hitchin, Alekseev-Malkin and Korotkin-Samtleben where it was shown that the monodromy map is a Poisson morphism between the Kirillov-Kostant Poisson structure on the space of coefficients, on one side, and the Goldman bracket on the monodromy character variety on the other. The extension is provided by defining larger spaces on both sides which are equipped with symplectic structures naturally projecting to the canonical ones. On the coefficient side our symplectic st…
We survey the theory of Poisson traces (or zeroth Poisson homology) developed by the authors in a series of recent papers. The goal is to understand this subtle invariant of (singular) Poisson varieties, conditions for it to be finite-dimensional, its relationship to the geometry and topology of symplectic resolutions, and its applications to quantizations. The main technique is the study of a canonical D-module on the variety. In the case the variety has finitely many symplectic leaves (such as for symplectic singularities and Hamiltonian reductions of symplectic vector spaces by reductive gr…
