We give a local normal form for Dirac structures. As a consequence, we show that the dimensions of the pre-symplectic leaves of a Dirac manifold have the same parity. We also show that, given a point $m$ of a Dirac manifold $M$, there is a well-defined transverse Poisson structure to the pre-symplectic leaf $P$ through $m$. Finally, we describe the neighborhood of a pre-symplectic leaf in terms of geometric data. This description agrees with that given by Vorobjev for the Poisson case
The notion of a Dirac submanifold of a Poisson manifold was studied by Xu (arXiv:math.SG/0110326). We give an interpretation of Xu's definition in terms of a general notion of tensor fields soldered to a normalized submanifold. Then, this interpretation is used to define Dirac submanifolds of a Jacobi manifold. Several properties and examples are discussed.
We first recall some basic definitions and facts about Jacobi manifolds, generalized Lie bialgebroids, generalized Courant algebroids and Dirac structures. We establish an one-one correspondence between reducible Dirac structures of the generalized Lie bialgebroid of a Jacobi manifold $(M,Λ,E)$ for which 1 is an admissible function and Jacobi quotient manifolds of $M$. We study Jacobi reductions from the point of view of Dirac structures theory and we present some examples and applications.
For a Hamiltonian, proper and free action of a Lie group $G$ on a Dirac manifold $(M,L)$, with a regular moment map $μ:M\to \mathfrak{g}^*$, the manifolds $M/G$, $μ^{-1}(0)$ and $μ^{-1}(0)/G$ all have natural induced Dirac structures. If $(M,L)$ is an integrable Dirac structure, we show that $M/G$ is always integrable, but $μ^{-1}(0)$ and $μ^{-1}(0)/G$ may fail to be integrable, and we describe the obstructions to their integrability.
We study twisted Jacobi manifolds, a concept that we had introduced in a previous Note. Twisted Jacobi manifolds can be characterized using twisted Dirac-Jacobi, which are sub-bundles of Courant-Jacobi algebroids. We show that each twisted Jacobi manifold has an associated Lie algebroid with a 1-cocycle. We introduce the notion of quasi-Jacobi bialgebroid and we prove that each twisted Jacobi manifold has a quasi-Jacobi bialgebroid canonically associated. Moreover, the double of a quasi-Jacobi bialgebroid is a Courant-Jacobi algebroid. Several examples of twisted Jacobi manifolds and twisted D…
We characterize the Dirac structures that are parallel with respect to Gualtieri's canonical connection of a generalized Riemannian metric. On the other hand, we discuss Dirac structures that are images of generalized tangent structures. These structures turn out to be Dirac structures that, if seen as Lie algebroids, have a symplectic structure. Particularly, if compatibility with a generalized Riemannian metric is required, the symplectic structure is of the Kaehler type.
Given an open book decomposition $(Σ,τ)$ of a three manifold $Y$, Thurston and Winkelnkemper [TW] construct a specific contact form $a$ on $Y$. Given a spin-c Dirac operator $D$ on $Y$, the contact form naturally associates a one parameter family of Dirac operators $D_r = D - \frac{ir}{2}\cl(a)$ for $r\geq0$. When $r>>1$, we prove that the spectrum of $D_r = D_0 - \frac{ir}{2}\cl(a)$ within $[-(r^{1/2})/2, (r^{1/2})/2]$ are almost uniformly distributed. With the result in Part I, it implies that the subleading order term of the spectral flow from $D_0$ to $D_r$ is of order $r (\log r)^{\frac{9…
We give simple characterizations of contact 1-forms in terms of Dirac structures. We also relate normal almost contact structures to the theory of Dirac structures.
We define prequantization for Dirac manifolds to generalize known procedures for Poisson and (pre) symplectic manifolds by using characteristic distributions obtained from 2-cocycles associated to Dirac structures. Given a Dirac manifold $(M,D)$, we construct Poisson structure on the space of admissible functions on $(M,D)$ and a representation of the Poisson algebra to establish the prequantization condition of $(M,D)$ in terms of a Lie algebroid cohomology. Additional to this, we introduce a polarization for a Dirac manifold $M$ and discuss procedures for quantization in two cases where $M$ …
We describe Dirac structures on surfaces and 3-manifolds. Every Dirac structure on a surface $M$ is described either by a regular 1-foliation or by a section of a circle bundle obtained as a fiberwise compactification of the line bundle $\wedge^2TM$. Every Dirac structure on a 3-manifold $M$ is either the union of a presymplectic manifold and a foliated Poisson manifold, or the union of a Poisson manifold and a foliated presymplectic manifold.
We extend the correspondence between Poisson maps and actions of symplectic groupoids, which generalizes the one between momentum maps and hamiltonian actions, to the realm of Dirac geometry. As an example, we show how hamiltonian quasi-Poisson manifolds fit into this framework by constructing an ``inversion'' procedure relating quasi-Poisson bivectors to twisted Dirac structures.
These notes are based on lectures given at the school on Geometric and Topological Methods for Quantum Field Theory, in Villa de Leyva, Colombia, in 2009. We present a basic introduction to Dirac manifolds, recalling the original context in which they were defined, their main features, and briefly mentioning more recent developments.
We shall give a twisted Dirac structure on the space of irreducible connections on a SU(n)-bundle over a three-manifold, and give a family of twisted Dirac structures on the space of irreducible connections on the trivial SU(n)-bundle over a four-manifold. The twist is described by the Cartan 3-form on the space of connections. It vanishes over the subspace of flat connections. So the spaces of flat connections are endowed with ( non-twisted ) Dirac structures. The Dirac structure on the space of flat connections over the three-manifold is obtained as the boundary restriction of a correspondin…
This paper develops a weighted $L^2$-method for the (half) Dirac equation. For Dirac bundles over closed Riemann surfaces, we give a sufficient condition for the solvability of the (half) Dirac equation in terms of a curvature integral. Applying this to the Dolbeault-Dirac operator, we establish an automatic transversality criteria for holomorphic curves in Kähler manifolds. On compact Riemannian manifolds, we give a new perspective on some well-known results about the first eigenvalue of the Dirac operator, and improve the estimates when the Dirac bundle has a $Z_2$-grading. On Riemannian man…
We give a formulation of a deformation of Dirac operator along orbits of a group action on a possibly non-compact manifold to get an equivariant index and a K-homology cycle representing the index. We apply this framework to non-compact Hamiltonian torus manifolds to define geometric quantization from the view point of index theory. We give two applications. The first one is a proof of a [Q,R]=0 type theorem, which can be regarded as a proof of the Vergne conjecture for Abelian case. The other is a Danilov-type formula for toric case in the non-compact setting, which shows that this geometric …
The main purpose of this paper is to show the existence of action-angle variables for integrable Hamiltonian systems on Dirac manifolds under some natural regularity and compactness conditions, using the torus action approach. We show that the Liouville torus actions of general integrable dynamical systems have the structure-preserving property with respect to any underlying geometric structure of the system, and deduce the existence of action-angle variables from this property. We also discover co-affine structures on manifolds as a by-product of our study of action-angle variables. 22 pages.
Dirac-harmonic maps are critical points of a fermionic action functional, generalizing the Dirichlet energy for harmonic maps. We consider the case where the source manifold is a closed Riemann surface with the canonical Spin^c-structure determined by the complex structure and the target space is a Kaehler manifold. If the underlying map f is a J-holomorphic curve, we determine a space of spinors on the Riemann surface which form Dirac-harmonic maps together with f. For suitable complex structures on the target manifold the tangent bundle to the moduli space of J-holomorphic curves consists of…
Suppose that $(M,E)$ is a compact contact manifold, and that a compact Lie group $G$ acts on $M$ transverse to the contact distribution $E$. In an earlier paper, we defined a $G$-transversally elliptic Dirac operator $\dirac$, constructed using a Hermitian metric $h$ and connection $\nabla$ on the symplectic vector bundle $E\rightarrow M$, whose equivariant index is well-defined as a generalized function on $G$, and gave a formula for its index. By analogy with the geometric quantization of symplectic manifolds, the $\mathbb{Z}_2$-graded Hilbert space $Q(M)=\ker \dirac \oplus \ker \dirac^{*}$ …
The deformation theory of a Dirac structure is controlled by a differential graded Lie algebra which depends on the choice of an auxiliary transversal Dirac structure; if the transversal is not involutive, one obtains an $L_\infty$ algebra instead. We develop a simplified method for describing this $L_\infty$ algebra and use it to prove that the $L_\infty$ algebras corresponding to different transversals are canonically $L_\infty$-isomorphic. In some cases, this isomorphism provides a formality map, as we show in several examples including (quasi)-Poisson geometry, Dirac structures on Lie grou…
Let $D$ be a (generalized) Dirac operator on a non-compact complete Riemannian manifold $M$ acted on by a compact Lie group $G$. Let $v:M --> Lie(G)$ be an equivariant map, such that the corresponding vector field on $M$ does not vanish outside of a compact subset. These data define an element of $K$-theory of the transversal cotangent bundle to $M$. Hence a topological index of the pair $(D,v)$ is defined as an element of the completed ring of characters of $G$. We define an analytic index of $(D,v)$ as an index space of certain deformation of $D$ and we prove that the analytic and topologica…
The theory of Nambu-Poisson structures on manifolds is extended to the context of Lie algebroids, in a natural way based on the Vinogradov bracket associated with Lie algebroid cohomology. We show that, under certain assumptions, any Nambu-Poisson structure on a Lie algebroid is decomposable.Also, we introduce the concept of a higher order Dirac structure on a Lie algebroid. This allows to describe both Nambu-Poisson structures on Lie algebroids and Dirac structures on manifolds in the same setting.
