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arXiv math/0403296math.NT
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阿波罗圆填充:数论II。球形和双曲形填料

Apollonian Circle Packings: Number Theory II. Spherical and Hyperbolic Packings

Nicholas Eriksson, Jeffrey C. Lagarias

摘要:

阿波罗圆填充是通过重复地用更多的相切圆填充相互相切的圆之间的空隙而产生的。在欧几里得空间中,这样的填充中的每个圆都有可能具有整数曲率半径,我们称这样的填充为积分阿波罗圆填充。有无穷多个不同的积分填料;这些研究的文件\cite{GLMWY21}。球面和双曲空间中也存在积分圆填充,只要使用适当的曲率定义(参见\cite{LMW02}),并且同样存在无限数量的不同积分填充。本文研究这类填充的数论性质。这相当于研究不定四元二次型$Q_{\sD}(w, x, y, z)= 2(w^2+x^2 +y^2 + z^2) - (w+x+y+z)^2$的积分自同构群的特定子群$\sA$的轨道。这个子群称为阿波罗群,作用于整数解$Q_{\sD}(w, x, y, z)=k$。本文给出了作用于$Q_{\sD}(w, x, y, z)=k$整数解的$\sA$轨道的一个约化理论,该理论对所有整数$k$都有效.它还分类轨道的所有$k \equiv 0 \pmod{4}$在额外的参数$n$和一个辅助类组(取决于$n$和$k$),并研究在给定的轨道上的整数同余条件。

英文摘要:

Apollonian circle packings arise by repeatedly filling the interstices between mutually tangent circles with further tangent circles. In Euclidean space it is possible for every circle in such a packing to have integer radius of curvature, and we call such a packing an integral Apollonian circle packing. There are infinitely many different integral packings; these were studied in the paper \cite{GLMWY21}. Integral circle packings also exist in spherical and hyperbolic space, provided a suitable definition of curvature is used (see \cite{LMW02}) and again there are an infinite number of different integral packings. This paper studies number-theoretic properties of such packings. This amounts to studying the orbits of a particular subgroup $\sA$ of the group of integral automorphs of the indefinite quaternary quadratic form $Q_{\sD}(w, x, y, z)= 2(w^2+x^2 +y^2 + z^2) - (w+x+y+z)^2$. This subgroup, called the Apollonian group, acts on integer solutions $Q_{\sD}(w, x, y, z)=k$. This paper gives a reduction theory for orbits of $\sA$ acting on integer solutions to $Q_{\sD}(w, x, y, z)=k$ valid for all integer $k$. It also classifies orbits for all $k \equiv 0 \pmod{4}$ in terms of an extra parameter $n$ and an auxiliary class group (depending on $n$ and $k$), and studies congruence conditions on integers in a given orbit.

机构、总结、中文摘要均由AI分析而来,可能存在错误,请以论文正文为准。

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