Let $A$ be an amenable separable \CA and $B$ be a non-unital but $σ$-unital simple \CA with continuous scale. We show that two essential extensions $τ_1$ and $τ_2$ of $A$ by $B$ are approximately unitarily equivalent if and only if $$ [τ_1]=[τ_2] {\rm in} KL(A, M(B)/B). $$ If $A$ is assumed to satisfy the Universal Coefficient Theorem, there is a bijection from approximate unitary equivalence classes of the above mentioned extensions to $KL(A, M(B)/B).$ Using $KL(A, M(B)/B),$ we compute exactly when an essential extension is quasidiagonal. We show that quasidiagonal extensions may not be approximately trivial. We also study the approximately trivial extensions.
In the current article, we prove the cross product $C^*$-algebra by a Rokhlin action of finite group on a strongly quasidiagonal $C^*$-algbra is strongly quasidiagonal again. We also show that a just-infinite $C^*$-algebra is quasidiagonal if and only if it is inner quasidiagonal. Finally, we compute the topological free entropy dimension in just-infinite $C^*$-algebras.
It is shown that a separable C*-algebra is inner quasidiagonal if and only if it has a separating family of quasidiagonal irreducible representations. As a consequence, a separable C*-algebra is a strong NF algebra if and only if it is nuclear and has a separating family of quasidiagonal irreducible representations. We also obtain some permanence properties of the class of inner quasidiagonal C*-algebras.
We give a detailed survey of the theory of quasidiagonal C*-algebras. The main structural results are presented and various functorial questions around quasidiagonality are discussed. In particular we look at what is currently known (and not known) about extensions, quotients, tensor products, ect. of quasidiagonal C*-algebras. We also point out how quasidiagonality is connected to some important open problems.
Recently, it was proved by Tikuisis, White and Winter that any faithful trace on a separable, nuclear $C^\ast$-algebras in the UCT class is quasidiagonal. Building on their work, we generalise the result, and show that any faithful, amenable trace on a separable, exact $C^\ast$-algebras in the UCT class is quasidiagonal. We also prove that any amenable trace on a separable, exact, quasidiagonal $C^\ast$-algebra in the UCT class is quasidiagonal.
The subject of quasidiagonality is of much interest in many places - among other things, in the classification program for simple unital separable nuclear C*-algebras. In this note, we give two characterizations of nuclearity and quasidiagonality (for simple unital separable C*-algebras). Our first characterization is the nuclear analogue of Dadarlat's characterization of exact quasidiagonal C*-algebras. Our second characterizatiion is "dual" to the interesting (and important) Popa property first studied by Popa.
In the paper, we give two new characterizations of separable inner quasidiagonal C*-algebras. Base on these characterizations, we show that a unital full free product of two inner quasidiagonal C*-algebras is inner quasidiagonal again. As an application, we show that a unital full free product of two inner quasidiagoanl C*-algebras with amalgmation over a full matrix algebra is inner quasidiagonal. Meanwhile, we conclude that a unital full free product of two AF algebras with amalgamation over a finite-dimensional C*-algebra is inner quasidiagonal if there are faithful tracial states on each o…
We study lifting properties for full product C*-algebras with amalgamation over ${\mathbb C}1$ and give new proofs for some results of Kirchberg and Pisier. We extend the result of Choi on the quasidiagonality of $C^*({\mathbb F}_n)$, proving that the free product with amalgamation over ${\mathbb C}1$ of a family of unital quasidiagonal C*-algebras is quasidiagonal.
We study the extension problem for quasidiagonal (QD) C*-algebras (i.e. when is an extension of QD C*-algebras again QD?). The main positive result states that in many instances an extension will remain QD provided that a certain boundary arising from the K-theory of the extension vanishes. A K-theoretic Hahn-Banach type property is also introduced for QD C*-algebras. We show that every nuclear QD C*-algebra has this Hahn-Banach property if and only if the extension problem for many QD C*-algebras is completely determined by a boundary map on K-theory.
We study the validity of the Blackadar-Kirchberg conjecture for extensions of separable, nuclear, quasidiagonal $C^*$-algebras that satisfy the UCT. More specifically, we show that the conjecture for the extension has an affirmative answer if the ideal lies in a class of $C^*$-algebras that is closed under local approximations and contains all separable ASH algebras, as well as certain classes of simple, unital $C^*$-algebras and crossed products of unital $C^*$-algebras with the integers.
I give an overview of recent developments in the structure and classification theory of separable, simple, nuclear C*-algebras. I will in particular focus on the role of quasidiagonality and amenability for classification, and on the regularity conjecture and its interplay with internal and external approximation properties.
Spectral triples (of compact type) are constructed on arbitrary separable quasidiagonal C*-algebras. On the other hand an example of a spectral triple on a non-quasidiagonal algebra is presented.
We prove that faithful traces on separable and nuclear C*-algebras in the UCT class are quasidiagonal. This has a number of consequences. Firstly, by results of many hands, the classification of unital, separable, simple and nuclear C*-algebras of finite nuclear dimension which satisfy the UCT is now complete. Secondly, our result links the finite to the general version of the Toms-Winter conjecture in the expected way and hence clarifies the relation between decomposition rank and nuclear dimension. Finally, we confirm the Rosenberg conjecture: discrete, amenable groups have quasidiagonal C*-…
Let T be a quasidiagonal operator on a separable Hilbert space. Then T is the norm limit of operators, each of which generate a finite dimensional C*-algebra, if and only if the C*-algebra generated by T is exact.
We prove that the crossed product A x G of a separable, unital, quasidiagonal C*- algebra A by a discrete, countable, amenable, maximally almost periodic group G is quasidiagonal, provided that the action is almost periodic.
In the paper, we consider the question whether a unital full amalgamated free product of quasidiagonal C*-algebras is quasidiagonal again. We give a sufficient condition such that a unital full amalgamated free product of quasidiagonal C*-algebras with amalgamation over a finite dimensional C*- algebra is quasidiagonal. Applying this result, we conclude that a unital full free product of two AF algebras with amalgamation over a finite-dimensional C*-algebra is AF if there are faithful tracial states on each of these two AF algebras such that the restrictions on the common subalgebra agree.
We characterize the solvable Lie groups of the form ${\mathbb R}^m\rtimes {\mathbb R}$, whose $C^*$-algebras are quasidiagonal. Using this result, we determine the connected simply connected solvable Lie groups of type~I whose $C^*$-algebras are strongly quasidiagonal. As a by-product, we give also examples of amenable Lie groups with non-quasidiagonal $C^*$-algebras.
We examine the question of quasidiagonality for C*-algebras of discrete amenable groups from a variety of angles. We give a quantitative version of Rosenberg's theorem via paradoxical decompositions and a characterization of quasidiagonality for group C*-algebras in terms of embeddability of the groups. We consider several notable examples of groups, such as topological full groups associated with Cantor minimal systems and Abels' celebrated example of a finitely presented solvable group that is not residually finite, and show that they have quasidiagonal C*-algebras. Finally, we study strong …
In this note we address a question of Don Hadwin: "Which groups have strongly quasidiagonal C*-algebras?" In recent work we showed that all finitely generated virtually nilpotent groups have strongly quasidiagonal C*-algebras, while together with Carrión and Dadarlat we showed that most wreath products fail to have strongly quasidiagonal C*-algebras. These two results raised the question of whether or not strong quasidiagonality could characterize virtual nilpotence among finitely generated groups. The purpose of this note is to provide examples of finitely generated groups (in fact of the for…
Suppose B is an ultraproduct of finite dimensional C^\ast-algebras. We consider mapping and injectability properties for separable C^\ast-algebras into B. In the case of approximately finite C^\ast-algebras, we obtain a classification of these mappings up to inner conjugacy. Using a Theorem of Voiculescu, we show that for nuclear C^\ast-algebras injectability into an ultraproduct of finite dimensional C^\ast-algebras is equivalent to quasidiagonality.
We continue the study of $\mathcal{OL}_\infty$ structure of nuclear $C^*$-algebras initiated by Junge, Ozawa and Ruan. In particular, we prove if $\mathcal{OL}_\infty(A)<1.005,$ then $A$ has a separating family of irreducible, stably finite representations. As an application we give examples of nuclear, quasidiagonal $C^*$-algebras $A$ with $\mathcal{OL}_\infty(A)>1.$
Let $A$ be a simple, exact, separable, unital $C^*$-algebra and let $α\colon G \rightarrow Aut(A)$ be an action of a finite group $G$ with the weak tracial Rokhlin property. We show that every trace on $A \rtimes_α G$ is quasidiagonal provided that all traces on $A$ are quasidiagonal. As an application, we study the behavior of finite decomposition rank under taking crossed products by finite group actions with the weak tracial Rokhlin property. Moreover, we discuss the stability of the property that all traces are quasidiagonal under taking crossed products of finite group actions with finite…
We show that the group C*-algebra of any elementary amenable group is quasidiagonal. This is an offspring of recent progress in the classification theory of nuclear C*-algebras.
We introduce the decomposition rank, a notion of covering dimension for nuclear C^*-algebras. The decomposition rank generalizes ordinary covering dimension and has nice permanence properties; in particular, it behaves well with respect to direct sums, quotients, inductive limits, unitization and quasidiagonal extensions. Moreover, it passes to hereditary subalgebras and is invariant under stabilization. It turns out that the decomposition rank can be finite only for strongly quasidiagonal C^*-algebras and that it is closely related to the classification program.
Let A be a unital separable simple C*-algebra with a unique tracial state. We prove that if A is nuclear and quasidiagonal, then A tensored with the universal UHF-algebra has decomposition rank at most one. Then it is proved that A is nuclear, quasidiagonal and has strict comparison if and only if A has finite decomposition rank. For such A, we also give a direct proof that A tensored with a UHF-algebra has tracial rank zero. Applying this characterization, we obtain a counter-example to the Powers-Sakai conjecture.
A trace on a C*-algebra is amenable (resp. quasidiagonal) if it admits a net of completely positive, contractive maps into matrix algebras which approximately preserve the trace and are approximately multiplicative in the 2-norm (resp. operator norm). Using that the double commutant of a nuclear C*-algebras is hyperfinite, it is easy to see that traces on nuclear C*-algebras are amenable. A recent result of Tikuisis, White, and Winter shows that faithful traces on separable, nuclear C*-algebras in the UCT class are quasidiagonal. We give a new proof of this result using the extension theory of…
In the paper, we prove that reduced free products of unital AH algebras with respect to given faithful tracial states, in the sense of Voiculescu, are Blackadar and Kirhcberg's MF algebras. We also show that the reduced free products of unital AH algebras with respect to given faithful tracial states, under mild conditions, are not quasidiagonal. Therefore we conclude, for a large class of AH algebras, the Brown-Douglas-Fillmore extension semigroups of the reduced free products of these AH algebras with respect to given faithful tracial states are not groups. Our result is based on Haagerup an…
Let $E = (E^0, E^1, r, s)$ be a topological graph with no sinks such that $E^0$ and $E^1$ are compact. We show that when $C^*(E)$ is finite, there is a natural isomorphism $C^*(E) \cong C(E^\infty) \rtimes \mathbb{Z}$, where $E^\infty$ is the infinite path space of $E$ and the action is given by the backwards shift on $E^\infty$. Combining this with a result of Pimsner, we show the properties of being AF-embeddable, quasidiagonal, stably finite, and finite are equivalent for $C^*(E)$ and can be characterized by a natural "combinatorial" condition on $E$.
In the present article we review an approximation procedure for amenable traces on unital and separable C*-algebras acting on a Hilbert space in terms of Følner sequences of non-zero finite rank projections. We apply this method to improve spectral approximation results due to Arveson and Bédos. We also present an abstract characterization in terms of unital completely positive maps of unital separable C*-algebras admitting a non-degenerate representation which has a Følner sequence or, equivalently, an amenable trace. This is analogous to Voiculescu's abstract characterization of quasidiagona…
We show that, if a simple $C^{*}$-algebra $A$ is topologically finite-dimensional in a suitable sense, then not only $K_{0}(A)$ has certain good properties, but $A$ is even accessible to Elliott's classification program. More precisely, we prove the following results: If $A$ is simple, separable and unital with finite decomposition rank and real rank zero, then $K_{0}(A)$ is weakly unperforated. If $A$ has finite decomposition rank, real rank zero and the space of extremal tracial states is compact and zero-dimensional, then $A$ has stable rank one and tracial rank zero. As a consequence, if $…
Let $A$ be a unital AH-algebra and let $α\in Aut(A)$ be an automorphism. A necessary condition for $A\rtimes_α\Z$ being embedded into a unital simple AF-algebra is the existence of a faithful tracial state. If in addition, there is an automorphism $κ$ with $κ_{*1}=-{\rm id}_{K_1(A)}$ such that $α\circ κ$ and $κ\circ \af$ are asymptotically unitarily equivalent, then $A\rtimes_{\af}\Z$ can be embedded into a unital simple AF-algebra. Consequently, in the case that $A$ is a unital AH-algebra (not necessarily simple) with torsion $K_1(A),$ $A\rtimes_α\Z$ can be embedded into a unital simple AF-al…
We extend the definition of an extension of a right Hilbert module to the setting of Hilbert bimodules and show that an extension of Hilbert bimodules induces an extension of Cuntz-Pimsner algebras. We also study the Cuntz-Pimsner algebra associated to the multiplier bimodule and show that an extension can be realised as a restricted direct-sum bimodule.
We prolonge the list of C*-algebras for which all extensions by any stable separable C*-algebra are semi-invertible. In particular, we handle certain amalgamations, both of C*-algebras and of groups. Concerning groups we consider both reduced and full group C*-algebras.
Given a von Neumann algebra $M$ we consider the central extension $E(M)$ of $M.$ We describe class of von Neumann algebras $M$ for which the algebra $E(M)$ coincides with the algebra $S(M)$ -- the algebra of all measurable operators with respect to $M,$ and with $S(M, τ)$ -- the algebra of all $τ$-measurable operators with respect to $M.$
We obtain an improved upper bound for the nuclear dimension of extensions of $\mathcal{O}_\infty$-stable $\rm{C}^*$-algebras. In particular, we prove that the nuclear dimension of a full extension of an $\mathcal{O}_\infty$-stable $\rm{C}^*$-algebra by a stable AF algebra is one.
We prove that every surjective isometry between the unit spheres of two von Neumann algebras admits a unique extension to a surjective real linear isometry between these two algebras.
We give a classification theorem for a class of C*-algebras which are direct limits of extensions of circle algebras by purely infinite C*-algebras. The invariant consists of the following: (1) the set of Murray-von Neumann equivalence classes of projections; (2) the set of homotopy classes of hyponormal partial isometries; (3) a map d; and (4) total K-theory.
With a minor change made in the previous construction we observe that any reduced HNN extension is precisely a compressed algebra of a certain reduced amalgamated free product in both the von Neumann algebra and the $C^*$-algebra settings. It is also pointed out that the same fact holds true even for universal HNN extensions of C$^*$-algebras. We apply the observation to the questions of factoriality and type classification of HNN extensions of von Neumann algebras and also those of simplicity and $K$-theory of (reduced or universal) HNN extensions of $C^*$-algebras.
The present article is a review of recent developments concerning the notion of Følner sequences both in operator theory and operator algebras. We also give a new direct proof that any essentially normal operator has an increasing Følner sequence $\{P_n\}$ of non-zero finite rank projections that strongly converges to 1. The proof is based on Brown-Douglas-Fillmore theory. We use Følner sequences to analyze the class of finite operators introduced by Williams in 1970. In the second part of this article we examine a procedure of approximating any amenable trace on a unital and separable C*-alge…
We analyze the dichotomy amenable/paradoxical in the context of (discrete, countable, unital) semigroups and corresponding semigroup rings. We consider also Følner's type characterizations of amenability and give an example of a semigroup whose semigroup ring is algebraically amenable but has no Følner sequence. In the context of inverse semigroups $S$ we give a characterization of invariant measures on $S$ (in the sense of Day) in terms of two notions: $domain$ $measurability$ and $localization$. Given a unital representation of $S$ in terms of partial bijections on some set $X$ we define a n…
We introduce the notion of π-extension of the semigroup \mathbb{Z}_+ and study the extensions of the Toeplitz algebras by isometric operators. We show that when the action of the Toeplitz algebra is irreducible all such extensions generate the same algebra, i.e. there are no non-trivial extensions of the Toeplitz algebra. Also we provide the examples of the non-trivial extensions of the Toeplitz algebra in case its representation is reducible.
In this paper we investigate in details derivations on trivial extension algebras. We obtain generalizations of both known results on derivations on triangular matrix algebras and a known result on first cohomology group of trivial extension algebras. As a consequence we get the characterization of trivial extension algebras on which every derivation is inner. We show that, under some conditions, a trivial extension algebra on which every derivation is inner has necessarily a triangular matrix representation. The paper starts with detailed study (with examples) of the relation between the triv…
We show that a C*-algebra "looking like" a Cuntz-Krieger algebra is a Cuntz-Krieger algebra. This implies that, in an appropriate sense, the class of Cuntz-Krieger algebras is closed under extensions of real rank zero.
We transcribe a portion of the theory of extensions of C*-algebras to general operator algebras. We also include several new general facts about approximately unital ideals in operator algebras and the C*-algebras which they generate.
We construct compact quantum metric spaces (CQMS) starting with some C*algebra extension with a positive splitting. As special cases we discuss the case of Toeplitz algebra, quantum SU(2) and Podles sphere.
